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ObjectiveTo investigate current status of hospital infection management in psychiatric hospitals in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region， so as to provide references for improving the level of hospital infection management of psychiatric hospitals. MethodsIn December 2020， on-site supervision was conducted on hospital infection management in all 9 psychiatric hospitals in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region， meantime， the self-compiled questionnaire on hospital infection management status was used for investigation. ResultsAmong the selected hospitals， nine （100.00%） psychiatric hospitals had the main hospital leaders in charge of hospital infection management， five （55.56%） hospitals had established a hospital infection management committee， six （66.67%） hospitals had established an independent hospital infection management department， and one （11.11%） hospital had developed all 13 systems mentioned in the questionnaire related to hospital infection management and job responsibilities. In terms of hospital infection management staff， there were 23 staff members in the nine psychiatric hospitals， including 3 in the specialty （13.04%） and 20 in the part-time setting （86.96%）. The score of the implementation of the basic system of hospital infection management in nine hospitals was （3.28±2.22）. ConclusionThe system specification related to hospital infection management in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region psychiatric hospitals needs to be improved and further strengthened， the professionalism of hospital infection management personnel needs to be improved.
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Objective To analyze the medical undergraduates'employment intentions and determinants for policy recommendations on how to solve the contraction between the employment and human resources shortage working in the rural place.Methods Descriptive method was used for the employment recognition and unconditional logistic regression was employed for its factors analysis.Results 74.90% interviewees were not high for policy recognition,and only 21.16% undergraduates were willing to work in rural area.Logistic regression analysis found local culture and life environment (OR=2.668),institute performance(OR=0.630)and work challenge(OR=1.509)were key factors to affect their employment.Conclusion To give reform of primary institute performance mainly on pubic health service,take great importance on the medical service,improve work and life environment of rural workers and highly care health workers'career planning and development.
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BACKGROUND:Apolipoprotein E is one of the important plasma apolipoproteins with polymorphism and involved in lipid metabolism and cholesterol balance modulation, playing also a role in the normal growth and repair of the nervous system.OBJECTIVE: To analyze apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism in patients with vascular dementia (VaD) in comparison with patients with cerebral infarction (CI) patients and healthy controls, so as to elicit the relationship between apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism and VaD.DESIGN: Case-control study.SETTING: Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Jinan Military Area Command of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: The participants were recruited from the inpatients and outpatients with cerebrovascular diseases and healthy subjects for routine physical examination in the General Hospital of Jinan Military Area Command of Chinese PLA between August 2001 and October 2003, including 35 cases of VaD, 36 CI cases and 40 healthy controls.METHODS: Four milliliters of venous blood was collected from the elbow vein form all participants after fasting for 12 hours for detection of apolipoprotein E genotype using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Blood lipids and apolipoprotein contents were also examined.of triglyceride, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), as well as apolipoprotein A and aoplipoprotein B.RESULTS: Data of 35 VaD 36 CI patients and 40 healthy controls were all VaD group and CI group had higher ε4 allele frequency were higher (22.86% and 22.22% vs 7.5%, respectively, P ＜ 0.05) but lower ε3 allele frequency (70% and 69.45% vs 86.25%, respectively, P ＜ 0.05); the frequencies of all alleles were basically comparable between VaD and CI groups er in E ε4 allele carriers [(5.85±L03), (4.73±0.29), (4.96±0.87) mmol/L, respectively] than in E ε2 [(3.91±0.87), (3.12±0.65), (3.06±0.33) mmol/L] and ε3 [(1.34±0.21), (1.00±0.28), (0.94±0.32) g/L] allele carriers in VaD group (P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: Apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism is closely associated with the onset of VaD, for which ε4 allele might be a risk factor with similar impact in CI.
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Objective To explore the relationship between the apoptosis of cerebellar granule cell and the changes of caspases-3 and Bcl-2 in rats with methylmercury intoxication.Methods We chronologically observed the pathological changes of cerebellum in rats given methylmercury[4 mg/(kg?d)] at day 11, 15, 18 and 19. The apoptosis of cerebellar granule cell was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end-labeling (TUNEL) method, and the relationship between the apoptosis and the expression of caspases-3 and Bcl-2 was evaluated.Results At day 18, some sparse TUNEL positive granular cells could be observed, mainly in deep lamina adjacent to the white matter. At day 19, the apoptotic cells markedly increased, while the number of granular cells decreased with a well preservation of Purkinje cells demonstrated by calvindine immunostaining. MRF-1 and glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) dyeing demonstrated severe microglia reaction and astrocytosis. From day 11, caspasese-3 mRNA expression up-regulated, increased gradually and reached peak at day 18, then decreased markedly at day 19. In contrast, Bcl-2 mRNA expression down-regulated from day 11, and decreased obviously at day 19. Zic-1 as a marker of granule cell decreased gradually after methylmercury administration and indicated degeneration of granule cells.Conclusion Cerebellar granular cell degeneration induced by methylmercury is related to apoptosis mediated by caspases-3 and Bcl-2 down regulated.