Effects of SIRT1 on morphine-induced conditioned place preference in rats through CREB/BDNF pathway / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effect of microinjection of EX527, a selective SIRT1 antagonist, into the ventrolateral orbital cortex (VLO) on morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP), and to explore the role of CREB/BDNF in it. Methods The cannulas were implanted bilaterally in the VLO of rats by brain stereotaxis surgery, and the model of morphine-induced CPP was established. The behavioral experiment consisted of four stages:habituation (d 1), pre-test (d 2-4), conditioning training (d 5-14) and test (d 15). At the stage of conditioning training, EX527 (1 μL, 5 g·L

Analysis of the influence of meteorological factors on the number of patients with pulmonary heart disease in Liangzhou district of Gansu Province / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of meteorological factors on the number of outpatients with pulmonary heart disease in Liangzhou district of Gansu province. Methods We collected the daily meteorological data (temperature, air pressure, precipitation, sunshine hours, etc.) of Liangzhou district of Gansu province and the number of daily outpatients with the pulmonary heart disease from 2014 to 2016, and used the distribution lag model to analyze the impact relationship and hysteresis effect of the meteorological factors on the number of outpatients to pulmonary heart disease clinics. Results The total number of outpatients with pulmonary heart disease was 20 462 in Liangzhou district from 2014 to 2016, and the average number of outpatients per day was 18.67. The number of outpatients with pulmonary heart disease per day was positively correlated with temperature and sunshine hours, and negatively correlated with air pressure, relative humidity and precipitation. Among them, the average daily temperature had the most significant effect on the number of outpatients with pulmonary heart disease (r=0.133, P<0.001). At the highest daily average temperature, lagging 16 days,the relative risk coefficient (RR value) was the highest (1.26, 95% CI:1.13-1.40). For every 1 ℃ increase in temperature, the number of outpatients with pulmonary heart disease increased by 1.26 (95% CI: 1.13-1.40). There was no risk of morbidity at an extreme low temperature (-18 ℃), and the relative risk of the number of the pulmonary heart disease outpatients was the greatest at lag 0-15 at an extreme high temperatures (29 ℃). Conclusion Meteorological factor is an important factor affecting the number of outpatients with pulmonary heart disease in Liangzhou district. The risk of pulmonary heart disease will increase due to temperature changes, and the impact will occur immediately on the same day. The high temperature effect is short-lived and the relative risk is high, while the relative risk of low temperature to the number of outpatients is relatively low and the lag time is long.

Study on methodology for evaluating clinical efficacy of traditional Tibetan medicine / 中国中药杂志

The evaluation on clinical efficacy of traditional Tibetan medicine (TTM) is an important scientific subject during the development of TTM. Firstly, the authors introduced the current situations and problems in evaluation on clinical efficacy of traditional Tibetan medicine both at home and abroad in this study. Secondly, they compared the similarities and differences between TTM and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in evaluation on clinical efficacy, define their differences in details but not in nature, and proposed that TTM could selectively learn TCM's experiences in clinical research and build a specific methodology system for evaluation on clinical efficacy according to its own characteristics. Thirdly, they discussed the methodological challenges in evaluation on clinical efficacy of TTM, including the pending clinical research guidelines and disease diagnosis standards according to its own characteristics. Finally, they propound some suggestions for promoting the evaluation on clinical efficacy of TTM, including the comprehensive application of multiple research methods, overall research-based evaluation on efficacy of TTM complex intervention and selection of accepted and objective outcome indexes for efficacy evaluation.

Analysis of porphyrin photosensitizers using HPLC method / 药学学报

Photodynamic therapy (PDT), because of its good targeting, minimal invasion, and safety, is becoming a very active area in cancer prevention and treatment, in which the photosensitizers have proved to be the core element for PDT. We developed a new HPLC method for analyzing porphyrin photosensitizers using Shiseido Capcell PAK C18 (150 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 µm) as the column at 30 °C, methanol-1% aqueous solution of acetic acid as the mobile phase in a flow rate of 1.0 mL · min(-1) in a gradient elution mode, and the detection wavelength at 380 nm. This method, showing good specificity, precision, accuracy and robusty via methodology validations, can be applied to the purity test and assay of porphyrin photosensitizers, and has played a key guide role in the R&D of the new porphyrin photosensitizer--sinoporphyrin sodium.

Determination of eight heavy metals and two main ingredients of safflower planted in linzhi of Tibetan / 中国中药杂志

The eight heavy metals and two essential constitutes of safflowers planted in linzhi which lies in Southern Tibet were analyzed by ICP-MS and by HPLC respectively. Heavy metals of safflower in the region were at the lower level and the essential constitutes were at the higher level. The better quality of safflower here was assisted by the excellent climate in tibet.

Therapeutic effect of gamma knife on intracranial cavernous angioma / 中南大学学报(医学版)

Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of gamma knife on patients with intracranial cavernous angioma (CA). Methods: The medical records of 122 patients (134 lesions) who underwent radiosurgery were reviewed retrospectively. Results: hT e average follow-up period was 43 months. No patient died. One patient underwent CA resection. In patients with epilepsy, 83% patients showed alleviation of seizures. About 44% of the lesions shrank in size after treatment with gamma knife radiosurgery (59/134). Seven cases had hemorrhage again after radiosurgery, and the overall annual hemorrhage rate was 1.6%. Edema was found in 11.5% patients (14/122) and all patients showed improvement atf er treatment. Conclusion: Gamma knife is a safe treatment for CA, which could obviously improve the symptoms of epilepsy. Gamma knife radiosurgery is the if rst option for the treatment of cavernous sinus angiomas.

Effect of CD-14 and toll like receptors on the expression of interleukin-6 induced by lipopolysaccharides of Porphyromonas endodontalis / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of cluster of differentiation 14 (CD-14) and Toll like receptors (TLR) on the expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) mRNA induced by Porphyromonas endodontalis (Pe) lipopolysaccharides (LPS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with 10 mg/L Pe-LPS for different hours, and the cells uninvolved by anything as the blank group. The expression of IL-6 was detected by reverse transcription polymerse chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-liked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of CD-14, TLR-2 and TLR-4 mRNA was observed at different time point (0 - 24 h) by RT-PCR. The protein of CD-14, TLR-2 and TLR-4 was analyzed with a flow cytometer. MC3T3-E1 cells were pretreated with anti-CD-14, anti-TLR-2 and anti-TLR-4 antibody for 1 h, and then cells were stimulated with 10 mg/L Pe-LPS for 6 h. The expression of IL-6 mRNA was examined by RT-PCR. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA Dunnett-t test with SPSS 11.0 software package.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The IL-6 mRNA and proteins increased significantly after treatment with Pe-LPS. When MC3T3-E1 cells treated by Pe-LPS for 6 h, the expression of proteins soared from (11.696 ± 0.672) ng/L to (36.534 ± 0.574) ng/L (P < 0.01); In the control group, the CD-14 and TLR-4 mRNA are ambly-expression, and the ratios of CD-14 and TLR-4 positive cells were (39.038 ± 3.131)% and (11.438 ± 0.385)% respectively in MC3T3-E1. After treatment by Pe-LPS, the expression of CD-14 and TLR-4 mRNA increased significantly, and the ratios of CD-14 and TLR-4 positive cells markedly increased to (62.407 ± 1.800)% and (21.367 ± 2.271)%. TLR-2 expression did not change apparently after Pe-LPS treatment. The expression of IL-6 mRNA was partly inhibited by anti-CD-14 or anti-TLR-4 antibody, but not by TLR-2.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Pe-LPS can induce the expression of IL-6 in osteoblast MC3T3-E1 through CD-14 and TLR-4, but not TLR-2.</p>

Establishment of new vessels model by implantation of VEGF165 in mouse / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the feasibility of establishing a murine new vessels model with Lentiviral vector (LVs) mediated human vascular endothelial growth factor-165 (pcDNA3.1/ VEGF165) gene.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Lentivirus plasmid carrying a human VEGF165 was constructed and was used to transfect mouse's NIH/3T3 cells. The NIH/3T3 cells with high secretion of VEGF were injected into the skeletal muscle of mouse to establish a mouse new vessels model by implantation of vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF) gene. The external secretion of VEGF was measured with ELISA. Histological examination was carried out after injection. The expression of CD31 was assessed with immunohistochemical method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The lenti-VEGF165-EGFP was correctly constructed and confirmed by restriction endonuclease analysis, polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing analysis. Lentivirus plasmid carrying a human VEGF165 was constructed. lenti-VEGF165-EGFP was used to transfect mouse's NIH/ 3T3 cells, and human VEGF165 gene was assessed. NIH/3T3 cells mediated VEGF gene implantation can produce stable and effective mouse new vessels model. The external secretion of VEGF in peripheral blood was measured with ELISA. The legs became swollen in experimental group 14 d after injection. It found the cells expression of CD31 44 d after injection, and histological analysis showed the swollen tissue was composed of small new vessels.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>NIH/3T3 cells mediated VEGF gene implantation can produce stable and effective mouse new vessels model.</p>

Microsurgical Strategy and Outcome of Pediatric Cerebellar Astrocytoma: 93 Cases Report / 中国康复理论与实践

@#ObjectiveTo investigate the strategy and effect of microsurgical treatment for pediatric cerebellar astrocytoma. Methods93 cases of pediatric cerebellar astrocytoma were reviewed who received microsurgical operation. ResultsTotal removal was achieved in 85 cases while subtotal in 8 cases. Pre-operatively, tumor capsule puncture was performed in 21 cases, lateral ventricle puncture and draining in 9 cases and ventricle-peritoneal shunt in 23 cases. Post-operative radiotherapy was performed in 8 cases. They were followed up for 26 months to 5 years with 8 cases lost. There was no death and recurrence. Scores of Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) was more than 90 in all cases followed up. ConclusionPediatric cerebellar astrocytoma can be treated satisfactorily with microsurgery. By improving surgical removal rate, reasonable peri-operative treatment and early rehabilitation, children with cerebellar astrocytoma can achieve long and excellent living status.

Synthesis of Gal-BSA-SPIO and magnetic resonance imaging of ASG receptors in rabbits bearing liver VX2 tumor and human liver / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To synthesize Gal-BSA-SPIO as the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent targeting asialoglycoprotein (ASG) receptors in the liver and observe its role in MRI detection of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Gal-BSA was synthesized by means of reductive amination and mixed with SPIO in ice bath to prepare Gal-BSA-SPIO complex. Twenty rabbits bearing VX2 liver tumor underwent MRI enhanced by SPIO (n=10) and Gal-BSA-SPIO (n=10), and the T2 values of the liver and tumor before and after the contrast imaging were measured. Fresh human normal hepatic tissues (n=3), cirrhotic tissues (n=4) and HCC tissues (n=6) were obtained and incubated with Gal-BSA-SPIO followed by Perl's Prussian blue staining to observe the distribution of ASG receptors.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The size of the Gal-BSA-SPIO particles was 34.4 nm. The 20 rabbits bearing VX2 tumor, with tumor size ranging from 3 mm to 12 mm, showed isointense signal in the liver and hypointense signal in the tumor on T1WI, and isointense signal in the liver and slightly hyperintense signal in the tumor on GRE T2*WI. The signal intensity of the liver decreased slightly or moderately after administration of SPIO in the rabbits, and administration Gal-BSA-SPIO resulted in obvious reduction in the signal intensity of the liver. The signal intensities of the tumors did not exhibit obvious changes after the administration of SPIO or Gal-BSA-SPIO. Histological examination revealed numerous blue iron deposits in the Kupffer cells in SPIO group and in the hepatocytes in Gal-BSA-SPIO group, but not in the tumors in either of the groups. The human liver specimens incubated with Gal-BSA-SPIO contained numerous blue iron deposits in the hepatocyte cytoplasm and cell membrane in normal liver tissue, but the deposits were reduced in the cirrhotic tissue and almost absent in the HCC tissue.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Gal-BSA-SPIO can specifically bind to ASG receptors on hepatocyte membrane to improve the tumor-liver contrast-to-noise ratio.</p>

Identification of differentially expressed microRNAs by microarray: a possible role for microRNAs gene in medulloblastomas / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding regulatory RNAs whose aberrant expression may be observed in many malignancies. However, few data are yet available on human primary medulloblastomas. This work aimed to identify that whether miRNAs would be aberrantly expressed in tumor tissues compared with non-tumorous cerebellum tissues from same patients, and to explore a possible role during carcinogenesis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A high throughput microRNA microarray was performed in human primary medulloblastoma specimens to investigate differentially expressed miRNAs, and some miRNAs were validated using real-time quantitative RT-PCR method. In addition, the predicted target genes for the most significantly down- or up-regulated miRNAs were analyzed by using a newly modified ensemble algorithm.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Nine miRNA species were differentially expressed in medulloblastoma specimens versus normal non-tumorous cerebellum tissues. Of these, 4 were over expressed and 5 were under expressed. The changes ranged from 0.02-fold to 6.61-fold. These findings were confirmed using real-time quantitative RT-PCR for most significant deregulated miRNAs (miR-17, miR-100, miR-106b, and miR-218) which are novel and have not been previously published. Interestingly, most of the predicted target genes for these miRNAs were involved in medulloblastoma carcinogenesis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>MiRNAs are differentially expressed between human medulloblastoma and non-tumorous cerebellum tissue. MiRNAs may play a role in the tumorigenesis of medulloblastoma and maybe serve as potential targets for novel therapeutic strategies in future.</p>

Construction of selectable marker-removable plant expression vectors / 生物工程学报

The commonly used plant constitutive expression vector pBI121 was modified by insertion of two directly orientated lox sites each at one end of the selectable marker gene NPTII and by replacing the GUS gene with a sequence composed of multiple cloning sites (MCS). The resulting plant expression vector pBI121-lox-MCS is widely usable to accommodate various target genes through the MCS, and more importantly to allow the NPTII gene removed from transformed plants upon the action of the Cre recombinase. In addition, the CaMV 35S promoter located upstream of the MCS can be substituted with any other promoters to form plant vectors with expression features specified by the introduced promoters. Provided in this paper is an example that an enhanced phloem-specific promoter of the pumpkin PP2 gene (named dENP) was used to construct an NPTII-removable phloem-specific expression vector pBdENP-lox-MCS. Moreover, to facilitate screening of selectable marker-removed gene and the composite sequence is flanked by lox sites. Thus the selectable marker-free plants can be visually identified by loss of GFP fluorescence. The above newly created plant expression vectors can be used to develop selectable marker-removable transgenic plants for a variety of purposes.

The testing and verification for interconnect faults based on cluster FPGA configuration / 中国医疗器械杂志

We have developed a hierarchical approach to define a set of FPGA configurations to solve the interconnect testing problem. This technique enables the detection, testing and verification of bridging faults involving intracluster interconnect and extracluster interconnect to be done easily.

Research on metrological verification and the development of the verification equipment for digital electrocardiographs / 中国医疗器械杂志

In order to guarantee that digital electrocardiographs with an adequate accuracy and reliabity are available for measurements in clinical practice, it is very important to determine the metrological characteristics, methods and to develop the equipments for verification. This paper elaborates the basic functions, specification, schematic drawing and key techniques of calibration equipments as well as test items for digital electrocardiographs.

Using green fluorescent protein as a reporter to monitor elimination of selectable marker genes from transgenic plants / 生物工程学报

In genetic modification of plants, once the transformants are obtained, selection markers are no longer required in mature plants. At present, the Cre/lox site-specific recombination system is most widely used to eliminate the selectable marker genes from the transgenic plants. In this study, attempt was made to favour the selection of marker-free plants in the re-transformation method. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) can be directly visualized in living cells, tissues or organisms under UV illumination. This advantage of GFP is exploited in the development of a practical approach in which GFP is used as a visual marker to monitor the removal of the selectable marker gene from transgenic plants. For that purpose, the pGNG binary vector was constructed, in which the GFP gene (gfp) was linked to the expression cassette Nos P-nptII-NosT and the two units were cloned between two directly-orientated lox sites. The CaMV 35S promoter was placed before the first lox site and used to drive GFP expression. The beta-glucuronidase gene (gus) of Escherichia coli was cloned behind the second lox site without a promoter, thus would not be expressed in this position. Tobacco plants were first transformed with pGNG and selected on kanamycin (Kan)-containing media. Regenerated transgenic shoots were readily singled out by GFP fluorescence. The GFP-expressing plants were then re-transformed with pCambia1300-Cre containing hygromycin phosphotransferase gene (hpt) as a selectable marker gene. The Cre-mediated recombination resulted in the elimination of lox-flanked genes, herein gfp and nptII, from the plant genome and brought the GUS gene next to the 35S promoter. Our data demonstrated that transgenic plants free of nptII were easily selected by monitoring the loss of green fluorescence, and at the same time, GUS (here as a target protein) was expressed in the nptII-free plants. Finally, hpt and cre were removed from the progenies of the nptII-free plants by gene segregation.