Hsp65 PCR-restriction enzyme analysis (PRA) for identification of mycobacteria in the clinical laboratory

More than 70 species of mycobacteria have been defined, and some can cause disease in humans, especially in immunocompromised patients. Species identification in most clinical laboratories is based on phenotypic characteristics and biochemical tests and final results are obtained only after two to four weeks. Quick identification methods, by reducing time for diagnosis, could expedite institution of specific treatment, increasing chances of success. PCR restriction-enzyme analysis (PRA) of the hsp65 gene was used as a rapid method for identification of 103 clinical isolates. Band patterns were interpreted by comparison with published tables and patterns available at an Internet site (http://www.hospvd.ch:8005). Concordant results of PRA and biochemical identification were obtained in 76 out of 83 isolates (91.5 percent). Results from 20 isolates could not be compared due to inconclusive PRA or biochemical identification. The results of this work showed that PRA could improve identification of mycobacteria in a routine setting because it is accurate, fast, and cheaper than conventional phenotypic identification

Molecular typing of Candida albicans strains isolated from nosocomial candidemia

Leveduras do genero Candida tem sido reconhecidas como importantes causadoras de fungemias hospitalares. Foram estudados os DNA cromossomicos de oito cepas de C. albicans, obtidas de oitos pacientes com fungemia hospitalar, por cariotipagem eletroforetica atraves de "pulsed-field gel electrophoresis". As cepas foram obtidas pelo isolamento da levedura em seis hemoculturas e duas infeccoes relacionadas ao uso de cateter intra-venoso central. Foram identificados sete perfis de DNA cromossomico. Dois pacientes mostraram cepas com o mesmo perfil de DNA sugerindo transmissao nosocomial. A cariotipagem eletroforetica revelou excelente capacidade discriminatoria entre os isolados sendo util no estudo das candidemias hospitalares.