Mangement of peptic ulcer disease at quetta, balochistan; evaluation of anti H pylori detection as a tool

Helicobacter pylori is implicated in aetiology of variety of gastrointestinal diseases combinedly known as peptic ulcer disease. H. Pylori infection leads to the formation of anti-H. pylori antibodies, a tool to detect the infection in symptomatic patients. A study carried out to detect the anti-H. pylori [IgG] in symptomatic patients, complaining of dyspepsia, epigastric pain, retrosternal burning, heaviness after meal, nausea, vomiting or known chronic ulcer patients. From symptomatic patients blood was collected and screened by immunochromatographic method for anti-H. pylori. Total 96 patients were screened 68 [70.83%] were found positive. Out of sixty seven males, 49 [73.13%] were positive and amongst 29 females. 19[65.51%] were positive for anti-H.pylori. their mean age was 34.60 +/- 10.92 years. Patients had symptoms from 2 months to 12 years, mean duration was 3.85 +/- 2.96 years. Positive for anti-H. phlori patients were prescribed two different regimen of drugs to eradicate the H. pylori infection and note the response to treatment. Thirty five patients received triple regimen i.e. clarithromycin, amoxicillin and omeprazole, 25 [7.43%] of them improved. Thirty three patients, received double regimen i.e., clarithromycin and omeperazole. Sixteen [48.48%] of them improved. This study is first of its kind in Balochistan province where diagnostic facilities for invasive procedures are deficient

Vibrio cholerae 0139 outbreak in sibicity, balochistan

To isolate the etiological agent of severe diarrheal outbreak, identification and antibiogram of isolated agent. Design: Samples of stool and water supply of affected area collected in Alkaline peptone water inoculated on special media. The isolates strain was tested against 8 antibiotics. Isolated strain and antibiogram confirmed by NIH Islamabad. Setting: Specimen collected from Sibi City near Quetta where outbreak of severe diarrheal disease reported. Specimen was tested at Sandeman [Prov.] Hospital, Quetta. Prospective study involving four patients suffering from severe diarrheal disease admitted in Civil Hospital Sibi. Two specimen of water collected from different parts of affected area. Main outcome measures: Isolation of V. cholerae 0139 and antibiogram against isolated strain. The etiological agent responsible for severe diarrheal disease outbreak in which 110 cases and 4 deaths [3.63%] reported was vibrio cholerae 0139. The strain was the same in all patients and water supply. Susceptibility to antimicrobials was determined showing sensitive to Chloramphenicol, Erythromycin, Nalidixic Acid, Norfloxacin and Tetracycline, resistant to Polymyxin B, Co-trimoxazol, and intermediate to Ampicillin. V. cholera 0139 isolated as etiological agent for severe diarrheal disease outbreak, which was spread through drinking, water. The new strain has potential for severe outbreak like classical type. New strategies are needed to control the outbreaks of the new strain

Pattern of hepatitis delta virus infection in the Shaikh Zayed hospital, Lahore

Hepatitis delta virus [HDV] is a hepatotropic virus. It infects only in the presence of hepatitis B virus [HBV]. HBV infection in Pakistan is high; the infection with the delta virus, therefore, goes hand in hand with HBV infection. HDV coinfects in the presence of HBV or superinfects a carrier of HBsAg. Superinfection by HDV is generally more severe than HBV infection alone. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency of HDV in our patient population. Sera of 150 HBsAg positive patients were tested for anti-HDV. Twenty-five [16.67%] were found positive. Sera of these 25 patients were further tested for HBc-IgM antibodies. Six were found positive, indicating 24% of coinfection and 67% superinfection by delta virus. In as much as almost 17% of HBV infection had associated delta virus infection with reported high complications of fulminant hepatitis and chronicity, it is recommended that vaccination against HBV must be adopted as a universal policy

Frequency and pattern of HDV infection in Shaikh Zayed hospital, Lahore

Hepatitis Delta virus [HDV] is a hepatotropic virus. It infects only in the presence of hepatitis B virus [HBV]. The incidence of HBV is high in Pakistan. The infection of delta virus, therefore, goes hand in hand with HBV infection. HDV co-infects the HBV or superinfects a carrier of HBsAg. Superinfection of HDV is generally more common and severe. Sera of 150 HBsAg positive patients were tested for anti-HD. Twenty five [16.66%] were found positive. Sera of these 25 patients, were further tested for HBc-IgM antibodies, six were found positive, indicating 24% of co-infection and 76% superinfection of Delta virus