Risk factors for mortality in patients with acute kidney injury and hypotension treated with continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration

BACKGROUND: Continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF) is a preferred treatment modality in hemodynamically unstable acute kidney injury (AKI) patients, because it has advantages over intermittent dialysis in terms of hemodynamic stability. However, this patient group still shows a significantly high mortality rate. To aid in the management of these high-risk patients, we evaluated the risk factors for mortality in CVVHDF-treated hypotensive AKI patients. METHODS: We studied 67 patients with AKI and hypotension who were treated with CVVHDF from February 2008 to August 2010. We reviewed patient characteristics and laboratory parameters to evaluate the risk factors for 90-day mortality. RESULTS: Of the 67 enrolled patients (male:female=42:25; mean age=69+/-14 years), 18 (27%) survived until 90 days after the initiation of CVVHDF. There was no significant difference in survival rates according to the etiology of AKI [hypovolemic shock 2/10 (20%), cardiogenic shock 4/20 (20%), septic shock 12/37 (32%)]. Univariate analysis did show significant differences between survivors and non-survivors in the frequency of ventilator use (44% vs. 76%, respectively; P=0.02), APACHE II score (29+/-7 vs. 34+/-7, respectively; P=0.01), SOFA score (11+/-4 vs. 13+/-4, respectively; P=0.03), blood pH (7.3+/-0.1 vs. 7.2+/-0.1, respectively; P=0.03), and rate of urine output <500mL for 12hours (50% vs. 80%, respectively; P=0.03). A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model showed that a urine output <500mL for 12hours was the only significant risk factor for 90-day mortality following CVVHDF treatment (odds ratio=2.1, confidence interval=1.01-4.4, P=0.048). CONCLUSION: A urine output <500mL for 12hours before the initiation of CVVHDF is an independent risk factor for 90-day mortality in hypotensive AKI patients treated with CVVHDF.

Surgical Repair of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm under Epidural Anesthesia in Patient with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease : A case report / 대한흉부외과학회지

Chronic pulmonary obstructive disease is known to be a significant risk factor for mortality in patients who underwent operation for abdominal aortic aneurysm. To decrease perioperative respiratory complication in these patients, maintenance of self respiration as possible is one of the better method. A seventy-seven year old male patient complained of abdominal pain and he was diagnosed for 9 cm sized abdominal aortic aneurysm. But he had severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease which was expected to increase surgical mortality. So we introduced epidural anesthesia with maintenance of self respiration and performed surgical resection and graft replacement of abdominal aorta, and he recovered without any complication.