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1.
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-113014

RESUMEN

To define the impact of HIV infection in India, the clinical and laboratory profile and the correlation of CD4 count to the likely opportunistic infection in a cohort of 134 HIV positive patients in Northern India was analysed. Majority of the patients, 72% and 67.8% (children and adults respectively) were asymptomatic, having been detected during routine screening and maintained that status for a median follow-up period of 3 years. Among the symptomatic patients, oropharyngeal candidiasis was the most common opportunistic infection followed closely by tuberculosis (both pulmonary and extra pulmonary) around 3.6-4.0 years from probable HIV infection with a median CD4 of 420-578 per cmm. Infection with Cryptococcosis, Cryptosporidiosis and cytomegalovirus occurred only after a significant fall in CD4 to < 100/cmm usually around 8-10 years from probable HIV infection. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was the terminal event among the 12 deaths at a mean CD4 count of 6/cmm. Non specific constitutional symptoms like fever, prolonged diarrhoea and significant weight loss were frequent. In general, the clinical profile of Indian patients with HIV bears much resemblance to African countries owing perhaps to the similar background of poverty, malnutrition and endemic infection.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones Oportunistas Relacionadas con el SIDA/inmunología , Adolescente , Adulto , Recuento de Linfocito CD4 , Causas de Muerte , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , India , Lactante , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de Riesgo
2.
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-112207

RESUMEN

134 patients testing positive for HIV antibody during the period 1986-1993 were included in the present study. An in-depth analysis of the subjects revealed that the adult males seemed to have the highest propensity for HIV infection in this part of the country. Marital status had no bearing on incidence and route of seropositivity. This was not so in females. Extramarital heterosexual contact was the mode of HIV acquisition in adults in contrast to blood transfusion in children. Clinically, most of these patients were still asymptomatic. At presentation, oral Candidiasis was common. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) was the leading cause of death.


Asunto(s)
Adolescente , Adulto , Distribución por Edad , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Infecciones por VIH/epidemiología , Humanos , India/epidemiología , Lactante , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Vigilancia de la Población , Factores de Riesgo , Salud Rural , Distribución por Sexo , Conducta Sexual , Factores Socioeconómicos , Salud Urbana
4.
Indian Pediatr ; 1993 Apr; 30(4): 455-60
Artículo en Inglés | IMSEAR | ID: sea-9297

RESUMEN

Two hundred and three multi-transfused children with thalassemia attending the Thalassemia Clinic of the Charak Palika Hospital, New Delhi were screened for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies by ELISA and all positive cases were confirmed by Western Blot. Of the 203 children screened, 18 (8.9%) were HIV positive, and in these children a detailed immunological work up was done and compared to 18 age-matched HIV negative thalassemics as controls. The tests included absolute lymphocyte counts (ALC), absolute and percentages of CD4+ and CD8+ cells and their ratios (CD4/CD8), immunoglobulin levels (IgG, IgM and IgA) and delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity (DCH) test by Multitest CMI in all the cases and the controls. Of the 18 HIV positive children, 6 were diagnosed to have clinical AIDS as per the WHO criteria. After immunological testing, the children were further classified according to the CDC criteria. By these criteria, 11 children were classified as P1 A (asymptomatic infection, normal immune function), 1 child as P1 B (asymptomatic infection, abnormal immune function), 2 children as P2 A (symptomatic infection with non-specific findings), 1 child as P2 C (lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis), 1 child as P2 D1 (Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia) and 2 children as P2 D2 (symptomatic infection with infections). In this paper, the clinical features of the children with AIDS is described, and the immunologic functions of these children are compared with the HIV positive asymptomatic children and with controls. These are the first cases of AIDS in the pediatric age group from India.


Asunto(s)
Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida/etiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Transfusión Sanguínea/efectos adversos , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Seropositividad para VIH/epidemiología , Humanos , India/epidemiología , Masculino , Talasemia/terapia , Talasemia beta/terapia
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