Study of anatomical variations of anterior nerve of Latarjet and its clinical significance - A cadaveric study.

Background: Highly selective or proximal gastric vagotomy is one of the definitive treatment for gastric ulcers. The results of this operation in comparison to truncal vagotomy is well appreciated by the surgeons. On the contrary incomplete and inadequate performance of this procedure results in recurrence of ulcer, post vagotomy diarrhoea and dumping syndrome. Knowledge about the normal and abnormal patterns of the anterior and posterior gastric nerves is imperative to the surgeons performing highly selective vagotomy. Most studies of this region have been performed on western population and the perspective of truncal and highly selective vagotomy is based on western literature only. However Indian studies regarding this one, are only few and far in-between. Aims & Objective: To study the variations of anterior of Latarjet & its implication in surgical treatment of peptic ulcer. Materials and Methods: This nature of study on Indian population in this part of the country is an initiative. 55 stomach specimens were utilized for the study. The present study was divided in to 3 parts: (i) Cadaveric specimens – 12 in numbers; (ii) Autopsy specimens – 40 in numbers; and (iii) Foetal Specimens – 3 in number. The anterior gastric nerve was dissected out from the level of commencement to the level of termination by dissection method. The branching pattern, plexus formation and crow’s foot appearance at the level of termination of anterior gastric nerve were studied. Results of present study were statically analyzed & compared with the findings of previous research workers. Results: The study of pattern of the anterior nerve of Latarjet in the present study showed wide variations in terms of branching pattern, plexus formation and crow’s foot appearance. Conclusion: The discussion emphasises the most important anatomical details relevant to the achievement of adequate highly selective vagotomy. Knowledge of these variations is of great importance for the surgeons performing highly selective vagotomy to achieve better results.

Comparative study of cranial capacity of the non-tribal with Korku Tribal population of Madhya Pradesh, India / Estudio comparativo de la capacidad craneal de población no-tribal con la Tribal Korku de Madhya Pradesh, India

Knowledge of cranial capacity is useful in differentiation of racial and sexual differences, which indirectly reflects the brain volume in different populations. Most of these studies have been done on the dry skulls using linear dimensions. Only few studies have been done on living subjects. The aim of this study was to compare cranial capacity of particular age group of Korku tribe & Non-tribal population of Madhya Pradesh a state of India. This study was carried on 800 healthy volunteer of 20 - 25 year-old age group (in which each 400 males and females) in Korku tribe and Non-tribal population of Madhya Pradesh state of India, by using linear dimensions of head (Lee Pearson's formula). The mean cranial capacity and SD in Non-tribal males and Non-tribal females were 1380.5 +/- 94.6 cc and 1188.7 +/- 91.1 cc, respectively. The mean cranial capacity and SD in Korku males and Korku females were 1212.2 +/- 62.0 cc and 1047.4 +/- 72.4, cc respectively. This study has shown a significant (p<0.05) difference between the same gender populations of Korku tribe and Non-tribal population, with the absolute values being higher in Non-tribal group than in Korku tribe group.

Conocer la capacidad craneal es útil para discriminar diferencias raciales y sexuales, la cual indirectamente refleja el volumen del cerebro en diferentes poblaciones. La mayoría de estos estudios se han realizado en cráneos secos con dimensiones lineales pero escasas investigaciones se han realizado en sujetos vivos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue comparar la capacidad craneal de un grupo etáreo de la tribu Korku y población no tribal de Madhya Pradesh, un estado de la India. Este estudio fue realizado en 800 voluntarios sanos, entre 20 - 25 años de edad (400 hombres y 400 mujeres) de la tribu Korku y población no tribal de Madhya Pradesh de la India, mediante el uso de las dimensiones lineales de la cabeza (fórmula de Lee Pearson ). La capacidad craneal media y DE en la población no tribal para hombres y mujeres fueron 1380,5 +/- 94,6 cc y 1188,7 +/- 91,1 cc, respectivamente. La capacidad craneal media y DE en los hobres y mujeres Korku fueron 1212,2 +/- 62,0 cc y 1047,4 +/- 72,4 cc, respectivamente. Este estudio ha mostrado una diferencia significativa (p <0,05) entre las poblaciones no tribal y la tribu Korku del mismo sexo, con los valores absolutos mayores en el grupo no tribal en comparación con el grupo de la tribu Korku.

Estimation of cranial capacity in 20-­25 year old population of Madhya Pradesh, a State of India / Estimación de la capacidad craneana en la población de 20 a 25 años de edad de Madhya Pradesh, un Estado de la India

It is known that there exists close relationship between cranial capacity and size of the brain. Several studies have estimated the cranial capacity, which indirectly reflects the brain volume in different populations. The aim of this study was to estimate cranial capacity of a particular age group of population of Madhya Pradesh. This study was carried out on 400 healthy 20-25 year old (200 male and 200 female) individuals of Madhya Pradesh state of India, by using linear dimensions of head (Lee Pearson's formula). The mean cranial capacity and SD in males & females were 1380.52+/-94.63 cc and 1188.75+/-91.16 cc respectively. This study has shown a significant (p<0.05) difference between male and female population, being higher in males than in females.

Se sabe que existe relación entre la capacidad craneana y el tamaño del cerebro. Varios estudios han estimado la capacidad craneana, la que indirectamente refleja el volumen del cerebro en diferentes poblaciones. El objetivo de este estudio fue estimar la capacidad craneana en un grupo de edad específica de la población de Madhya Pradesh. Este estudio fue realizado en 400 sujetos sanos de 20 a 25 años de edad (200 hombres y 200 mujeres) del estado de Madhya Pradesh, India, mediante el uso de las dimensiones lineales de la cabeza (fórmula Lee Pearson). La capacidad craneana media y DS en los hombres y mujeres fue 1380,52+/-94,63 cc y 1188,75+/-91,16 cc respectivamente. Este estudio demostró una disminución significativa (p <0,05) entre la población masculina y femenina, siendo mayor en hombres que en mujeres.