A study of prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in women with first trimester pregnancy losses.

The study included 125 patients in the first trimester of pregnancy, who were divided into group A (50 control subjects with normal intrauterine pregnancy), Group B (50 patients with spontaneous abortion), group C (25 patients with ectopic pregnancy). All the patients were investigated including routine blood and urine tests and special tests related to the cause of pregnancy loss. The patients were tested for IgG antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis by ELISA technique and conjunctival smear were tested for presence of inclusion bodies to C. trachomatis. It was concluded that C. trachomatis is one of the important cause of spontaneous abortion and ectopic pregnancy. It is highly prevalent in our population, the prevalence being 10% in group A, 26% in group B, 28% in group C. Conjunctival smear showed presence of inclusion bodies in 0.8% patients. With abortions then risk of lower genital tract chlamydia infection spreading to upper genital tract increases. ELISA for C. trachomatis should be done when women are being investigated for the cause of spontaneous abortion and ectopic pregnancy.

A comparative study of ophthalmodynamometry in hypertensive and non-hypertensive cases.

Ophthalmodynamometry was done on 100 hypertensive cases and 100 non-hypertensive cases who had clear media and no glaucoma. The ratio of the pressure mean ophthalmic: pressure mean brachial in the non-hypertensive group was 0.71:1.0, which rose to 0.78:1.0 in the hypertensive group. The ophthalmic humeral diastolic ratio increased with the severity of fundus changes. The pressure mean ophthalmic showed higher values with increasing grades of fundus changes. Those cases having a pressure mean opthalmic higher than the expected value in the hypertensive group as compared to the cases having a pressure mean ophthalmic lower than the expected value, were at a greater risk or had a graver prognosis. The importance of ophthalmodynamometry is stressed for the prognosis of hypertension along with the fundus examination.