Historia de la medicina chilena: ¿Cómo, dónde y cuándo habría nacido la cirugía moderna chilena? / ¿How, where and when modern chilean surgery would have been born?

The challenge of knowing the events surrounding the modern origins of the different specialties of Chilean medicine should be of interest to the specialists of these specialties. Thus, in the case of surgery, fortunately in Chile there are testimonial documents, which reviewed and analyzed can suggest this question, mentioning the one who today is considered the world father of modern surgery, whose important surgical teachings were delivered to Chilean disciples who introduced it in our country. In the context of the War of the Pacific, in the year 1879, a "blood hospital" was built in Santiago, donated by Domingo Matte, a Chilean politician, to receive the many war wounded who were transported from the north. It was Dr. Manuel Barros Borgoño, a young surgeon recently graduated from the Faculty of Medicine in Paris, with a degree revalidated in Chile, who in 1880 took charge of this hospital, and together with his team, began to apply his experience in listerian methods learned in Paris from his teacher Dr. Just Lucas Champonniere. Just Lucas Champonniere, giving beginning to the Chilean antiseptic surgery, managing to reduce the mortality of surgeries to 3%, compared to 80% of other Chilean hospitals that refused to change, and continued with the use of sponge soaked in cerato (lard).

Historia de la medicina en el Maule: tres homenajes póstumos rendidos al Dr. César Garavagno / Three posthumous tributes paid to Dr. César Garavagno

Due to disseminated and metastatic non-Hodking lymphoma, Dr. César Garavagno died at the age of seventy in the city of Talca on Tuesday, September 12, 1943. The following day, he was paid a tribute in Deputies of the National Congress's chamber in Santiago. Thirteen years after his death, in 1956, Talca Hospital was named in honor of his memory, which would later become Regional Hospital. In 1959, being the first provincial surgeon not associated with a university teaching center, he was nominated Master of Chilean Surgery at the annual Surgery Congress. These have been the three posthumous tributes received that magnify and honor his memory, leaving a permanent legacy and vocation of service of medical professionals who work there today and the challenge to local surgeons to organize for third time a National Surgery Congress in Talca.

Hernia diafragmática traumática, HDT, complicada en urgencia: tres casos clínicos / Traumatic diafragmatic hernia complicated in emergency: 3 clinical cases

Las HDT, son la consecuencia de un trauma contuso o penetrante tóracoabdominal que al romper el diafragma y por la diferencia de presiones entre las cavidades toráxica y abdominal los órganos abdominales izquierdos tienden a ser aspirados al tórax. Pudiendo sufrir complicaciones irreversibles por isquemia, gangrena, y perforación de ellas, iniciándose así el período de la complicación, que de no corregirse adecuadamente puede terminar con la vida del paciente. Se presentan tres casos clínicos evaluados en urgencia en los últimos seis años, en los cuales se careció de diagnóstico a su ingreso. Uno de ellos se corrigió adecuadamente en laparotomía de urgencia y en dos de ellos, lamentablemente, fue un hallazgo de autopsia, como feconeumotorax hipertensivo

Estallido duodenal por cinturón de seguridad / Duodenal burst by seat belt

El trauma duodenal puede sr uno de los elementos del trauma abdominal complicado cerrado secundario a un accidente automotriz. Los mecanismos por los cuales este puede ocurrir son por: aplastamiento (con presión externa contra la columna vertebral), cizallamiento (desaceleración brusca con desgarro de ligamentos de fijación) y estallido (por compresión brusca e intensa de cinturón de seguridad en una colisión, aumentando la presión intraluminal duodenal, como un asa cerrada. Se presenta un caso clínico con dicha lesión, pesquisada en laparotomía de urgencia, en que se realizó duodenorrafia, exclusión pilórica y anastómosis gastro yeyunal, descrita por Vauhan

Peritonitis TBC / TBC peritonitis

La Peritonitis Tuberculosa es una patología infrecuente y algo olvidada en Chile. Sus características clínicas son ambiguas y la hacen de difícil diagnóstico, ya que derivan de un proceso inflamatorio crónico con formación de granulomas. Se presentan cinco casos del Hospital de Curicó, con sus variables clínicas, sospecha diagnóstica inicial y la forma de llegar al diagnóstico final, en un análisis individual y comparativo