RESUMEN
Objective To compare the difference of protein expression between the post-overwintering stage and the diapauses preparation stage in Culex pipiens pallens, so as to reveal the mechanisms underlying the overwintering diapause of Cx. pipienspallens. Methods A quantitative proteomic analysis was performed in Cx. pipiens pallens before and after overwintering diapause by using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) labeling. Results A total of 244 differentially expressed proteins were identified in Cx. pipiens pallens before and after overwintering diapause, including 126 up-regulated proteins and 118 down-regulated proteins. iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analysis revealed that these differentially expressed proteins were linked to function and energy production and conversion, lipid metabolism, remodeling of cytoskeleton, carbohydrate metabolism, protein transport, molecular chaperones, stress tolerance and metabolic enzymes. Conclusions This is the first study to identify the overwintering diapause-related proteins in Cx. pipiens pallens using proteomics tools, which reveals KEGG pathways and GO terms associated with the overwintering diapauses of Cx. pipiens pallens. Our findings provide additional understandings pertaining to the mechanisms underlying the overwintering diapauses of Cx. pipiens pallens.
RESUMEN
Objective To compare the difference of protein expression between the post-overwintering stage and the diapauses preparation stage in Culex pipiens pallens, so as to reveal the mechanisms underlying the overwintering diapause of Cx. pipienspallens. Methods A quantitative proteomic analysis was performed in Cx. pipiens pallens before and after overwintering diapause by using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) labeling. Results A total of 244 differentially expressed proteins were identified in Cx. pipiens pallens before and after overwintering diapause, including 126 up-regulated proteins and 118 down-regulated proteins. iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analysis revealed that these differentially expressed proteins were linked to function and energy production and conversion, lipid metabolism, remodeling of cytoskeleton, carbohydrate metabolism, protein transport, molecular chaperones, stress tolerance and metabolic enzymes. Conclusions This is the first study to identify the overwintering diapause-related proteins in Cx. pipiens pallens using proteomics tools, which reveals KEGG pathways and GO terms associated with the overwintering diapauses of Cx. pipiens pallens. Our findings provide additional understandings pertaining to the mechanisms underlying the overwintering diapauses of Cx. pipiens pallens.
RESUMEN
Objective To understand the ecological habits of Culex pipiens pallens in Shandong Province in winter. Meth-ods From December 2015 to January 2016,the overwintering conditions of Cx.pipiens pallens were investigated in Shandong Province. Results In Shandong Province,in rural districts,the overwintering places of Cx. pipiens pallens were basements, wells and caves;and in urban areas,they were air raid shelters,holes of city walls,sewers and flower cellars.Conclusion In Shandong Province,the overwintering places of Cx.pipiens pallens are mainly basements and holes,which are under high tem-perature and humidity,and away from light.Its larvae cannot overwinter.