RESUMEN
Objective:To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of primary percutaneous coronary intervention using the transradial approach in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) based on electrocardiography results.Methods:The clinical data of 298 patients with STEMI who had indications of emergency coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention who received treatment in The Second People's Hospital of Shantou between January 2015 and June 2019 were retrospectively included in this study. These patients were assigned into traditional transfemoral intervention (TTFI, n = 56), traditional transradial intervention (TTRI, n = 167), and single transradial intervention (STRI, n = 75) groups. Door-to-balloon (D2B) time, needle-to-balloon (N2B) time, hospital days, and the incidence of major adverse cardiac events within 1 year after treatment were compared among the three groups. Results:The D2B time in the STRI, TTFI and TTRI groups was (67.6 ± 2.1) minutes, (73.3 ± 15.3) minutes, and (77.4 ± 16.7) minutes, respectively. There was a significant difference in D2B time among the three groups ( F = -2.24, P = 0.013). The D2B time was significantly shorter in the STRI group than in the TTFI and TTRI groups ( t = -1.84, -1.84, both P = 0.033). The N2B time in the STRI, TTFI and TTRI groups was (7.6 ± 2.1) minutes, (15.3 ± 6.5) minutes, and (14.1 ± 5.7) minutes, respectively. There was a significant difference in N2B time among the three groups ( F = -4.34, all P < 0.001). The N2B time was significantly shorter in the STRI group than in the TTFI and TTRI groups ( t = -2.06, P = 0.020; t = -3.12, P < 0.001). The proportion of patients with D2B time less than 90 minutes in the STRI group was 74.7% (56/75), which was significantly higher than that in the TTRI [46.1% (77/167)] and TTFI [51.8% (29/56)] groups ( χ2 = 4.07, P < 0.001). The incidence of major adverse cardiac events within 1 year after treatment in the TTFI, TTRI, and STRI groups was 16.1% (9/56), 13.2% (22/167), and 9.3% (7/75), respectively. The incidence of major adverse cardiac events within 1 year after treatment was significantly lower in the STRI group than in the TTFI and TTRI groups ( χ2 = 5.67, P < 0.05). Conclusion:STRI is safe and effective for STEMI and is expected to improve long-term prognosis.