The effect of STC1 gene on radiosensitivity of human lung cancer A549 cell line / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective To investigate effect of stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) gene on the proliferation,apoptosis and radiotherapy sensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer.Methods The STC1 siRNA (STC 1-siRNA) and the non-interfering siRNA (negative control group) were transfected into the human lung cancer A549 cells by LipofectamineTM2000,and the blank control group was established.The expression level of STC1 protein was detected after transfection for 48 h by Western blotting.Clone forming test was adopted to detect the proliferation of A549 cells after STC1-siRNA and irradiation treatment.CCK8 assay was performed to detect the cell viability after treatment with STC1-siRNA and STC1-siRNA+8 Gy.The cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry.The expression levels of Ki67,Bax,STAT3 and p-STAT3 proteins were quantitatively measured by Western blotting.Results The expression level of STC1 protein in the A549 cells transfected with STC1-siRNA was significantly down-regulated than that in the blank control group (P＜ 0.05).Compared with the blank control group,the sensitization ratio was significantly enhanced after STC1-siRNA transfection.Compared with the blank control group,the cell viability and the expression levels of Ki67 and p-STAT3 protein were significantly decreased,whereas the apoptosis rate and the expression of Bax protein were significantly increased in the STC1-siRNA group.Compared with the STC1-siRNA group,the cell viability and the expression levels of Ki67 and p-STAT3 proteins were significantly decreased,whereas the cell apoptosis rate and the expression of Bax protein were remarkably increased in the STC1-siRNA+ 8 Gy group (all P＜0.05).Conclusion Inhibition of STC1 gene expression can enhance the radiotherapy sensitivity and down-regulate the STAT3 signaling pathway in non-small cell lung cancer.

Evaluation on the effectiveness for respondent-driven sampling method among men who have sex with men in Beijing, 2017 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To evaluate the randomness and representativeness of respondent- driven sampling (RDS) tool in conducting the investigation in MSM population, in Beijing, 2017. Methods: RDS tool was used to recruit MSM population for a face-to-face interview with structured questionnaire and serological tests. Results: A total of 600 MSM people were sampled and interviewed. The median number of personal network of seeds was 10, which was higher than other MSM people recruited. The numbers of recruitments by wave presented a skewed positive distribution and the highest number was in the fourth wave. It was also dramatically varied from different seeds. Three seeds had the longest chains and had recruited 184, 113 and 92 MSM people, respectively. In contrast, five seeds recruited less than 10 MSM people. Two college students were the most non-generative seeds and each recruited only 1 MSM person. After five to nine waves of sampling, the major demographic characteristics reached equilibrium. Both convergence and bottleneck plots of major demographic characteristics reached convergence, although the plots on marriage and education did not. The homophiles of characteristics were all closed to 1, except for education. The HIV positive rate appeared as 7.9% (95%CI: 4.4%-11.4%) . Conclusions: Results from this study showed that RDS could be used as a feasible sampling method for the study on MSM population with major demographic characteristics reached equilibrium. The process of recruitment appeared controllable and reasonable, showing that this could represent the MSM population in Beijing, in some degree.

Evaluation on the effectiveness for respondent-driven sampling method among men who have sex with men in Beijing, 2017 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To evaluate the randomness and representativeness of respondent-driven sampling (RDS) tool in conducting the investigation in MSM population,in Beijing,2017.Methods RDS tool was used to recruit MSM population for a face-to-face interview with structured questionnaire and serological tests.Results A total of 600 MSM people were sampled and interviewed.The median number of personal network of seeds was 10,which was higher than other MSM people recruited.The numbers of recruitments by wave presented a skewed positive distribution and the highest number was in the fourth wave.It was also dramatically varied from different seeds.Three seeds had the longest chains and had recruited 184,113 and 92 MSM people,respectively.In contrast,five seeds recruited less than 10 MSM people.Two college students were the most non-generative seeds and each recruited only 1 MSM person.After five to nine waves of sampling,the major demographic characteristics reached equilibrium.Both convergence and bottleneck plots of major demographic characteristics reached convergence,although the plots on marriage and education did not.The homophiles of characteristics were all closed to 1,except for education.The HIV positive rate appeared as 7.9％ (95％CI:4.4％-11.4％). Conclusions Results from this study showed that RDS could be used as a feasible sampling method for the study on MSM population with major demographic characteristics reached equilibrium.The process of recruitment appeared controllable and reasonable,showing that this could represent the MSM population in Beijing,in some degree.

Application of oropharyngeal airway in fixation of oral trachea cannula in restless patients / 现代临床护理

Objective To explore the effect of oropharyngeal airway on the fixation of oral trachea cannula in restless patients. Methods Toally 82 restless patents with oral trachea cannulation hospitalized in the two sections of ICU during January 2014 and August 2015 were involved in the study: those in the first section were assigned into the control group and those in the second into the experiment group. The former was treated with ordinary dental pad and the latter with oropharyngeal airway. The groups were compared in terms of effectiveness in fixation of the cannula and damage to oral mucosa. Result The rates of cannula displacement, oral mucosa damage in the experiment group were significantly smaller than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Oropharyngeal airway used in restless patients is effective in the fixation of oral trachea cannula and decrease the rate of oral mucosa damage and improve the comfort degree.

The relationship between expression of Id-2 and MMP-9 and clinical pathology index in rectal cancer / 重庆医学

Objective To observe the expression level of inhibitor of differentiation 2 (Id‐2) and matrix metalloproteinases‐9 (MMP‐9) in rectal cancer ,analysis the correlation of the expression level of them ,to study the relationship between the expression level of them and the clinical pathology indicators of rectal cancer .Methods Rectal cancer tissues and normal tissue adjacent to rec‐tal cancer were obtained from the rectal cancer resection of 56 patients with rectal cancer ,using immunohistochemical method to ob‐serve the expression level of Id‐2 and MMP‐9 in normal tissue adjacent to rectal cancer and rectal cancer and Spearman correlation test to detect the correlation between the expression level of Id‐2 and MMP‐9 ;then we analyzed the relationships between the ex‐pression level of Id‐2 and MMP‐9 and the index of rectal cancer clinical pathology .Results The positive expression rate of Id‐2 in the in rectal cancer tissues is more higher than that of normal tissue of adjacent to rectal cancer (73 .21% vs .48 .21% ,P0 .05) .Conclusion There is a close relationship between the expression levels of Id‐2 and MMP‐9 in rectal cancer and the occurrence and development of rectal cancer .Rectal cancer with the higher Id‐2 expression level may be the ways to achieve tumor invasion and metastasis through MMP‐9 as a facilitator .

Research advances in traditional Chinese medicine combined with interventional therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma / 临床肝胆病杂志

Interventional therapy has become the first choice of non-surgical treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) due to its advantages such as little trauma and marked local effect. However, the clinical efficiency is less than expected. One of the possibilities is the resistance of cancer cells to anti-cancer drugs. Increasing attention has been paid to the combination of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and interventional therapy in HCC treatment. This paper reviews the progress in TCM combined with interventional therapy for HCC at animal experiment and clinical study levels in recent ten years. It is pointed out that the combination therapy with TCM and intervention for HCC has a unique advantage.

The impact of different markers regarding the estimation of population size under capture-recapture method on men who have sex with men / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To discuss the impact of different markers on the estimation of MSM using the capture-recapture method.Methods From March to July 2013,MSM were captured from the their related network to estimate the site of this population,under the capture-recapture method.Two different markers were set in the process of first ‘capture'.Results The estimated numbers of MSM in Beijing were 239 258 (95％CI:48 932-429 584) and 115 731 (95％CI:78 153-153 309) when using the two markers under capture-recapture method.Conclusion The estimated size of MSM population varied greatly under different markers which called for the right selection on markers when using the capture-recapture method to estimate the size of specific population.

The value of MR in diagnosis of posterior root tear of the medial and lateral meniscus / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To determine the value of MR in the diagnosis of the medial and lateral meniscal posterior root tears.Methods One hundred and twenty one patients underwent arthroscopy and MR of knee examinations were retrospectively reviewed,and all of them did not have the history of knee surgery before the MR examination.MR images were double-blinded,independently,retrospectively scored by radiology residency (doctor 1) and attending radiologist (doctor 2).The likelihood of the meniscus posterior root tear was scored on basis of arthroscopic findings constituted the gold standard.Sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of MR diagnosis of the lateral and medial meniscus posterior root tear by two physicians were calculated,and the consistency of diagnosis results by two physicians was evaluated using the Kappa statistics.Reasons leading to misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis were discussed.Results Thirty three of the 121 patients were diagnosed with meniscus posterior root tears by arthroscopy,including 14 cases of lateral tears and 19 cases of medial tears.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy in the diagnosis of posterior lateral meniscus root tears (PLMRT) for doctor 1 were 71.4％ (10/14),82.2％ (88/107) and 81.0％ (98/121),respectively,and for doctor 2 were 71.4％ (10/14),86.0％ (92/107) and 84.3％ (102/121).The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy in the diagnosis of posterior medial meniscus root tears (PMMRT) for doctor 1 were 100.0％ (19/19),88.2％ (90/102) and 90.1％ (109/121),respectively,and for doctor 2 were 100.0％ (19/19),95.1％ (97/102) and 95.9％ (116/121),respectively.The Kappa statistics for PLMRT and PMMRT were 0.67 and 0.81,respectively,demonstrating a good interobserver agreement (P＜0.05).The misdiagnosed cases of the PMMRT were 12 for doctor 1 and 5 for doctor 2.There were 4 cases being commonly misdiagnosed by the two doctors,and there were no any missed cases in this study.For the PLMRT,the misdiagnosed cases were 19 for doctor 1 and 15 for doctor 2.Eleven cases were misdiagnosed and 4 were missed by the two physicians.Conclusion MR is a reliable diagnostic tool for detecting posterior root tears of the medial and lateral meniscus.

Establishment and optimization of a method to extract miRNAs from plasma / 军事医学

Objective To develop and optimize a new method to extract miRNAs from plasma.Methods miRNAs were extracted from plasma by mixing it with the extraction solution that contained surfactant and by heating .Then the ribonuclease inhibitor was added into the extraction to prevent RNAs from degradation .The expression level of each miRNA was detected by real-time quantitative PCR in oder to evaluate the feasibility of this method .Results A method which extracted miRNAs from plamsa in just one step was established .The specificity , reproducibility and stability of this method have been demonstrated by real-time quantitative PCR .Conclusion The one-step method is simple , inexpensive , and plasma-saving.It seems like a new method for clinical examination of miRNAs from plasma .

Progress in inverse metabolic engineering / 生物工程学报

In the last few years, high-throughput (or 'next-generation') sequencing technologies have delivered a step change in our ability to sequence genomes, whether human or bacterial. Further comparative genome analysis enables us to reveal detailed knowledge of genetics or physiology of industrial important strains obtained in laboratory, to analyze genotype-phenotype correlations of mutants with improved performance. Based on identified key mutations or mutation combinations, Inverse Metabolic Engineering (IME) can be performed by using accurate genetic modification system. Recently, IME has been successfully used for strain improvement and has become a research hotspot, including improving substrate utilization, engineering the robustness of industrial microbes and enhancing production of bio-based products. Here, we describe recent advances in research methods of IME, with an emphasis on characterization of genotype-phenotype and the latest advances and application of IME. Possible directions and challenges for further development of IME are also discussed.

HIV infection and syphilis among men who have sex with men in Beijing: a survey in 2012 / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To determine the prevalence of and correlations between HIV infection and syphilis among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Beijing.Methods Totally,600 MSM collected from sentinel surveillance sites for AIDS in Beijing were recruited in this study,and underwent screening tests for HIV infection and syphilis.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used for the primary screening for HIV infection,and Western blot for its confirmation.Both nontreponemal test (rapid plasma regain (RPR) assay) and treponemal test (Treponema pallidum particle agglutination assay,TPPA) were performed to detect syphilis,and only those with a reactive TPPA result were defined as having syphilis (including past infection).Specimens confirmed as HIV-1 positive were further tested with BED-capture enzyme immunoassay (CEIA) to find recent HIV-1 infection,and the incidence of HIV infection was then calculated.The correlation between syphilis and HIV infection was statistically analyzed.Results Of the 600 MSM,49 (8.17％) had HIV infection,including 14 cases of recent infection,with the incidence rate of HIV infection being 4.68％; 51 were positive for both RPR and TPPA tests with the infection rate (including past infection) being 18.5％ (111/600).People without a Beijing household registration and those with high education levels accounted for a large proportion of HIV-infected MSM.Conclusions The prevalence and incidence of HIV infection as well as prevalence of syphilis maintain at a relatively high level in MSM in Beijing.HIV infection is markedly correlated with syphilis in MSM population.

Comparison of the effect of myomectomy and uterine artery embolization in the treatment of uterine fibroids / 中国基层医药

Objective To compare the effect of myomectomy and uterine artery embolization in the treatment of uterine fibroids .Methods 158 patients who were pathologically diagnosed uterine fibroids were randomly divided into the uterine artery embolization group and myomectomy group ,79 cases in each group .The blood loss 3 days after operation,pelvic pain and pressure symptoms ,hospitalization time,follow-up and time of normal activity were recorded and compared.Results The pelvic pain,pressure symptoms,hospitalization time,cure rate,incidence rate of compli-cations and recurrence rate of the two groups had no statistically significant differences ( t=1.21,0.97,1.06,χ2 =0.98,1.21,1.32,all P>0.05).The postoperative bleeding score ,time of return to normal activity in the uterine artery embolization group were (5.8 ±0.5) points,(9.8 ±1.8) d,which were better than those of the myomectomy group[(4.9 ±0.4)points,(25.9 ±5.1)d](t=3.76,5.98,all P<0.05).Conclusion The effect of the myomec-tomy and uterine artery embolization treatment for uterine leiomyoma is similar ,and both have high efficiency and safe-ty,but the uterine artery embolization treatment has less impact on the body of patients .

Application of induction PF chemotherapy plus concurrent chemo-radiotherapy in patients with Iocoregional advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of induction chemotherapy(DDP + 5-FU)followed by concurrent chemo-radiotherapy(CCRT)in patients with locoregional advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).Methods 42 patients with locoregional NPC were enrolled in the study.Before CCRT,patients were assigned to receive two cycles of chemotherapy(DDP 20mg/m2 d1～5 ;5-FU 750mg/m2 d1～5)every three weeks.Then the same chemotherapy was given from the first day of standard radiotherapy.Results All patients completed planned treatment and were eligible for toxicity and response analysis.After induction chemotherapy,9 patients achieved complete response in nasopharynx and 12 patients achieved CR in regional nodes;Three months after radiotherapy,41 patients achieved CR in nasopharynx and 34 patients achieved CR in regional nodes.Induction PF was well tolerated and the most common acute high-graded toxicity of CCRT was grade Ⅲ mucositis(35.7％)and grade Ⅲ vomiting (16.7％).At median follow-up of 15 months,the overall survival rate was 100％,two-year cumulative local recurrence rate was 4.8％ and distant metastasis rate was 2.4％.Conclusion Induction PF chemotherapy plus concurrent chemo-radiotherapy was tolerable and satisfactory for patients with locoregional NPC.

Clinical study of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy combined with XELOX program chemotherapy for postoperative abdominal lymph nodes metastasis of gastric cancer / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy combined with XELOX program chemotherapy for postoperative abdominal lymph nodes metastasis of gastric cancer.Methods Seventy-one patients with postoperative abdominal lymph nodes metastasis were divided by random digits table method into treatment group (36 cases) who treated with three-dimensional confomal radiotherapy combined with XELOX program chemotherapy and control group (35 cases) who treated with XELOX program chemotherapy.The short-term efficacy,the control rate of symptoms,the long-term survival rate and adverse reaction were observed in two groups.Results The complete remission rate and objective response rate in treatment group and control group were 36.1％(13/36),20.0％(7/35) and 77.8％(28/36),60.0％(21/35),respectively,there were significant differences between two groups (P ＜0.05).The overall control rate of abdominal pain,bloating,low back pain in treatment group was 80.6％ (29/36),significantly higher than that in control group [51.4％(18/35) ](P ＜ 0.01 ).Followed up for 2 years,the followed up rate waa 97.2％(69/71 ).The 1,2-year survival rates in treatment group and control group were 42.9％ (15/35),22.9％(8/35) and 20.6％(7/34),5.9％(2/34),respectively,and the median survival time was 11.6 months and 4.9 months,there were significant differences between two groups(P ＜ 0.01 ).The incicdence rates of bone marrow suppression and gastrointestinal tract in treatment group were obviously higher than those in controlgroup (P ＜ 0.01 ),and the symptoms all were improved after treatment.Conclusions Postoperative lymph nodes metastasis of gastric cancer is sensitive to concurrent chemoradiotherapy.Concurrent chemoradiotherapy can improve the short-term efficacy and prolong survival time,but the adverse reactions increase.

To explore the serum level of transforming growth factor-β1 ( TGF-β1 ) in patients with prehypertension and impaired fasting blood glucose / 中国医师杂志

Objective To explore the level of serum transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in patients with prehypertension and impaired fasting blood glucose.Methods A total of 180 healthy subjects with matched age and sex was divided into 3 groups:group A (blood pressure ＜ 120/80 mmHg and fasting blood glucose ＜6.1 mmoVL),group B (prehypertension and fasting blood glucose ＜6.1 mmol/L),group C (prehypertension and 6.1 mmol/L≤ fasting blood glucose ≤7.0 mmol/L).There were 60 subjects in every group.Serum TGF-β1 was measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosobent Assay (ELISA),fasting blood glucose,triglyceride,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( HDL-C),Uric Acid ( UA),body mass index (BMI) were determined.Results The level of serum TGF-β1 in group B and C was higher in that in group A( t =2.071,and 2.147,P ＜0.05 ).The level of serum TGF-β1 was higher in group C than group B,but no significant difference was observed ( P ＞0.05).The pearson correlation analysis showed there was a significant correlation between TGF-β1 and systolic blood pressure ( r =0.279,P =0.047).Conclusions The level of serum TGF-β1 was higher in patients with prehypertention which may mediate the target organ damage caused by the prehypertention.

The role of T helper type 17 cells in the pathogenesis of HIV/tuberculosis-coinfected patients / 中华传染病杂志

ObjectiveTo evaluate the IL-17 expression in HIV/tuberculosis-coinfected patients and its role in the pathogenesis of this coinfection.MethodsFifty-four HIV infected patients were divided into three groups:simple HIV infected group,HIV with latent tuberculosis infection (HIV+ LTBI) group and HIV coinfected with active tuberculosis (HIV+ ATB) group.The whole blood intracellular cytokine staining was performed and samples were then detected by BD FACSCanto.The expressions of CD4+ IL-17+ T cells and CD4+ IFNγ+ T cells were analyzed using FACSDiva software.Comparison between groups was done by independent sample t test.ResultsThe CD4+ T cell count and viral load among these three groups were comparable.There were no significant difference of the expression of CD4+ IL-17+ T cells between simple HIV infected group and HIV+ LTBI group (1.40 ± 1.01) ％ vs (1.29±0.86) ％,(t=0.336,P＞0.05),but both of these two groups were much higher than HIV+ATB group (t=3.680,t=2.516,P＜0.05).There were no significant differences of the expression of CD4+ IFNγ+ T cells among these three groups [(32.8±24.0)％ vs (40.3±1 21.9) ％ vs (46.1±31.2)％,(t=-0.939,t=-1.602,t=-0.646,P＞0.05)].ConclusionThe Th17 response is down-regulated in HIV/tuberculosis-coinfected patients,which may play an important antitubercular role in the pathogenesis of coinfection.

The study on treatment effect of recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy(3DCRT) / 中国基层医药

Objective To explore treatment effect of recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma ( NPC) with threedimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT). Methods 43 cases were selected to treat with 3DCRT. The radiation method was 5 times each week,2Gy one time,one time each day,the total doses was(60-70)Gy/(30-35) times. The treatment effect of patients in the near future ,2 years survival rate and radiation complication were observed. Results One month after 3DCRT, then re-check, the results showed that complete relief rate was 58.1% (25/43) , partial relief rate was 30.2% (13/43) ,the total relief rate was 88.4% ,and 2 years survival rate was 69. 8% ,the local control rate in target area was 92.2%. But 2 cases were deaf, 1 case had oral inflammation. Conclusion With 3DCRT, recurrent NPC patients had well near future treatment effect and survival rate,furthermore,the radiation injury was rather low.

Study of the expression of complement regulatory protein CD59 on CD4+ T cells and its relationship with apoptosis in HIV infected patients / 中国基层医药

Objective To explore CD59 expression on CD4+T cells in HIV infected patients and its relationship with apoptosis.Methods 12 HIV infected patients and 10 healthy donors were performed in this study.The PBMC(peripheral blood monocyte)were collected and cell surface cytokine were stained,and then were evaluated with the BD FACSCanto flow cytometry.The expression of CD59 on T lymphocyte subsets were analyzed by FACSDiva software,and the apoptosis rate of CD59+CD4+T cells and CD59-CD4+T cells in every group was analyzed respectively,then the results were compared between groups.Results Compared with healthy donor,the expression of CD59 on T cells in HIV infected patients was significantly hisher(t=5.198,P＜0.01),and the apoptosis rate of CD59+CD4+T cells had significantly higher(t=5.968,P＜0.01).The apoptosis rate of CD59-CD4+T cells was no difference between two groups (t=0.1353,P=0.8577).Condnsion HIV infection increase CD59 expression on CD4+T cells,and CD59+CD4+T cells were prone to apoptosis.

Feasibility of planting sweet sorghum in sugarcane region to prolong milling duration for bioethanol production / 生物工程学报

In order to explore the feasibility of planting sweet sorghum in sugarcane growing area to prolong milling duration for bioethanol production, 15 varieties were sown monthly from March to September in Liuzhou of Central Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Yields of fresh stem, grain and leave were documented. The results showed that all varieties grew well when sown from March to August, but could not get mature when sown after late September. The high fresh stem yields were observed for the varieties Sart and PT3-S, 79.28 t/hm2 and 78.58 t/hm2 for single growing season, and 157.95 t/hm2 and 155.25 t/hm2 for two growing seasons. Ripening began from the end of June to late December, making the feed stock available for ethanol production from July to the end of December, even January next year.

Correlation between behavioural and psychological symptoms and cerebra white matter lesions in patients with Alzheimer's disease / 国际脑血管病杂志

Objective To investigate the correlation between behavioural and psychological symptoms and cerebral white matter lesions (WMLs) in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods Sixty patients with AD aged more than 60 years (AD group) and 40 age-, sex-matched subjects with normal cognitive function (control group) were recruited. data of cerebral CT were analyzed blindly. The sum of WMLs in 8 regions, such as bilateral frontal region, parieto-occipital region, temporal region, and subtentorial region, etc were used as the total score of WMLs, and the cerebrovascular lesions revealed on CT were detected. The AD group was assessed with the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). Results There were significant differences in total WML score (1. 450 ±2. 310 vs. 9. 640 ± 1. 566, P =0. 000), left frontal WMLs (0. 340 ± 0. 340 vs. 1. 720 ± 0. 248, P = 0. 001), fight frontal WMLs (0. 310 ±0. 560 vs. 1. 680 ±0. 312, P =0. 001), left parieto-occipital WMLs (0. 240 ±0. 360 vs. 1. 550 ±0. 244, P =0. 012), right parieto-oecipital WMLs (0. 140 ±0. 230 vs. 1. 450 ± 0. 231, P = 0. 006) and cerebrovascular lesions (0. 120 ± 0. 330 vs. 2. 230 ± 0. 378, P = 0. 002) hetwsen the AD group and the control group. Spearman correlation analysis showed that NPI was correlated with the total WML score (rs =0. 487, P = 0. 016), left frontal WMLs (rs =0. 490, P = 0. 014), right frontal WMLs (rs = 0. 502, P = 0. 014), left parieto-occipital WMLs (rs =0. 507, P =0. 012) and right parieto-occipital WMLs (rs =0. 521, P = 0. 014), and it was not correlated with the cerebrovascular lesions (rs = 0. 132, P = 0. 590).Conclusions WMLs and cerebrovascular lesions are essential in the onset of AD and disease development. WMLs are closely correlated with the behavioural and psychological symptoms in patients with AD.