RESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the maternal and perinatal outcomes of twin pregnancies conceived by in vitro fertilization (IVF) with outcomes of spontaneous twin pregnancies.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective analysis was conducted between January 2010 and April 2014 to investigate the maternal age, gestation length, modes of delivery, pregnancy complications and neonatal physical development, birth defects and perinatal diseases in 106 IVF-assisted twin pregnancies (IVF group) and 256 spontaneous twin pregnancies (control group).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mothers in the IVF group were significantly older than those in the control group (32±4 years vs 28±4 years, P<0.05). The incidence rates of gestational hypertension and gestational diabetes in the IVF group were significantly higher than in the control group (P<0.05). No significant differences were observed for neonatal physical development, the incidence of birth defects, and the incidence and mortality of perinatal diseases (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Twins conceived by IVF have similar outcomes as spontaneously conceived twins in the perinatal period. However, special attention is needed to monitor the levels of blood pressure and blood glucose for pregnant women with twins conceived by IVF during prenatal checkups.</p>