Research progress on localization method of deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease / 局解手术学杂志

Since 1947,the treatment of Parkinson's disease(PD)has ushered in the era of minimally invasive surgery,and deep brain stimulation(DBS)has been gradually recognized and applied for the treatment of advanced PD.With the continuous improvement and progress of science and technology,clinicians have higher and higher requirements on the accuracy of DBS nuclei positioning.The localization methods of DBS nuclei mainly include anatomical and physiological aspects,corresponding to imaging localization methods and microelectrode signal localization methods respectively.In recent 80 years,the accuracy of DBS has been continuously improved,and it has become an effective method for the treatment of advanced PD.This paper summarizes the development of DBS positioning and the principle of positioning operation.

Study on geographical variation of medicinal ingredients contents in Scutellaria baicalensis from different provenances / 中国中药杂志

In order to investigate the genetic difference on medicinal components of Scutellaria baicalensis from different provenances on the genetic difference, the S. baicalensis provenance tests were arranged by randomized block design.Excavating the crude drugs that have been growing for three years, with the same drying process, the content of baicalin, baicalein, wogonoside, wogonin and laminarin A in S. baicalensis were detected by HPLC, and then the data were analyzed. The results indicated that the content of baicalin in different provenances of S. baicalensis was significantly different (<0.05), while the variation of baicalein reached extremely significant level (<0.01). Cluster analysis showed that if the distance was divided by 5.0, the provenances in Chengde, Hebei province were divided into two independent populations, while the other two populations had large geographic spans. The results show that the significant geographical variations exist in the content of medicinal components in S. baicalensis. The study laid a theoretical foundation of provenance selection of S. baicalensis.

Distribution patterns of the contents of five biologically activate ingredients in the root of Scutellaria baicalensis / 中国天然药物

As an important herbaceous plant, Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (Chinese skullcap) is geographically widespread and commonly used throughout the world. In the Chinese medicine market, S. baicalensis has been divided into two primary types, "Ku Qin" (WXR) and "Tiao Qin" (TST). Moreover, TST is also divided into different grades according to the diameter of roots. To explore the distribution patterns of the contents of five biologically activate ingredients (FBAI), we used six-year-old cultivated S. baicalensis and analyzed its growth characteristics as well as the quality difference among different types and diameters in roots. Throughout the entire root, we discovered that contents of the FBAI all initially increased and subsequently decreased from the top to the bottom of the roots. The baicalin content of WXR was less than that of TST. On the contrary, the contents of baicalein, wogonin, and oroxylin A in WXR were up to about two times higher than that in TST. We also found that the 0 to 40 cm part of the S. baicalensis root possessed about 87% of the root biomass and about 92% of the contents of the active ingredients.

Chinese herbs for shen invigorating and blood activating activated MMP-9 signaling pathway to mobilize rats' bone marrow EPCs: a molecular mechanism research / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effect of Chinese herbs for Shen invigorating and blood activating (CHSIBA) on the number of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in the bone marrow and the peripheral blood and the signaling pathway of bone marrow matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) of the myocardial infarction (MI) model rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The MI rat model was established by ligation. Thirty successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into the high dose CHSIBA group, the low dose CHSIBA group, and the model group, 10 in each group. Besides, another 10 normal rats were recruited as the blank group. Rats in the high dose CHSIBA group and the low dose CHSIBA group were administered with CHSIBA at 3 g/kg and 1.5 g/kg body weight by gastrogavage (by adding them in 4 mL physiological saline), once daily. Rats in the model group and the blank group were administered with 4 mL physiological saline once daily. The EPCs were collected from the bone marrow and the peripheral blood 4 weeks later. Seven days later the CD34/CD133 phenotype was identified in collected sticking wall cells using flow cytometry. The MMP-9 and water soluble Kit ligand (sKitL) were detected using Western blot. The expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha (SDF-1alpha) were detected using ELISA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The CD34/CD133 positive rate and the EPC quantity in the bone marrow and the peripheral blood were higher in the high dose CHSIBA group and the low dose CHSIBA group than in the model group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Besides, the expressions of VEGF, SDF-1alpha, MMP-9, and sKitL in the bone marrow and the peripheral blood were also higher in the high dose CHSIBA group and the low dose CHSIBA group than in the model group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CHSIBA could activate MMP-9 signaling pathway, increase its upstream and downstream signal expression levels, and mobilize EPCs in the bone marrow to enter the blood circulation.</p>

Effects of plant growth regulator mepiquat chloride on content of active compounds in Scutellaria baicalensis / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of plant growth regulator mepiquat chloride (DPC) on the growing development of plant and the content of active compounds in Scutellaria baicalensis.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>After spraying DPC during the seedling period, the length of taproot, fresh weight of root, diameter of taproot and the length of stem were measured. The contents of baicalin, baicalein and wogonin were determined by HPLC, respectively. Total flavonoids and scavenging DPPH were determined with ultraviolet spectrophotometry.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>After spraying DPC, fresh weight of S. baicalensis root was significant increased, and root diameter was also increased. The contents of baicalin and total flavonoids were significantly increased and baicalein and wogonin were decreased remarkably. Compared with controls, scavenging activity of ethanol extracts on DPPH free radical was no significant changed after spraying DPC.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Plant growth regulator DPC could regulate the growth on the ground and underground effectively, and could enhance the content of flavonoids compounds of S. baicalensis.</p>

Hand-assisted laparoscopic radical gastrectomy: comparison between laparoscopic and open approach / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the short-term outcomes after hand-assisted laparoscopic radical gastrectomy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Between June 2010 and May 2011, a series of 15 patients underwent hand-assisted laparoscopic gastrectomy(HG), 16 patients underwent laparoscopic gastrectomy(LP), and 11 patients underwent open gastrectomy(OP). Short-term outcomes included operative time, blood loss, lymph nodes harvested, and the length of incision were collected after operation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The operative time was 150-200 min in HG, 180-220 min in LP, and 150-200 min in OP respectively. The time of laparoscopic procedure was 18-58 and 70-100 min respectively. The average incision length was 6.8 cm in HG, 5.6 cm in LP, and 13.5 cm in OP. The average number of lymph nodes harvested was 17.6, 15.1 and 16.4 respectively. The average estimated blood loss was 228 ml, 278 ml, and 427 ml respectively. The mean length of hospital stay was 9.9, 10.8, and 12.4 d. No anastomotic leakage, bleeding, or gastric paralysis were found. One wound infection case was found in OP.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Hand-assisted laparoscopic gastrectomy is in concordance with the standardized treatment protocol for gastric cancer. Lymph node dissection is easier by HG, therefore HG can be an alternative for the radical resection of gastric cancer.</p>

Bioinformatics analysis of the structure and function correlated to interferon sensitivity of HCV core protein / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze and predict the structure and function correlated to interferon sensitivity of HCV Core protein in different genotypes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using different bioinformafics software respectively to comparatively analyze and predict the secondary structure, tertiary structure, modification site and main functional motifs of HCV Core protein.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were diversities in secondary structure and tertiary structure of different genotypes. HCV Core protein would exist some modification sites about amidation, cAMP, PKC, TYR, and interact with amphiphysin SH3 domain, ERK, PKC.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Differences in structure and function of HCV Core protein of different genotypes affected interferon sensitivity.</p>

The velocity of HCV subtype 6a transmission in southwest China / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To estimate the velocity of HCV subtype 6a transmission in Southwest China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The HCV CE1 region from 61 patients infected with HCV genotype 6 were amplificated by RT-PCR and sequenced. The subtypes were identified, and the period of HCV 6a strains originated in southwest china was estimated by using molecular clock phylogenetic analysis. The velocity of HCV subtype 6a transmission in southwest China was estimated by BEAST v1.6.1 and Tracer v1.5 software theoretically.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Most of HCV 6a strains distributed in Southwest China origine around the year 1968 and at last 4 epidemic strains existed. The earlier origine strains could be isolated both in intravenous drug users (IDU) and non-IDU patients. After 1997, the HCV 6a strains transmission in southwest China accelerated and the trend intensified in 2007.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HCV 6a strains spread fastly both in IDU and non-IDU patients, which might be the main HCV subtype distributed in Southwest China in the future.</p>

Expression and analysis of recombinant pIL-18 in Pichia pastoris / 生物工程学报

The porcine IL-18 gene was amplified from recombinant plasmid pGEM-IL-18 by PCR, then the pPIC9K-IL-18 of fusion expression vector was constructed by inserting IL-18 fragment,and was transformed to GS115 by electroporation, multi-copy recombinant strains were screened by G418. The expression of recombinant fusion protein was induced by methanol, SDS-PAGE was used to analyze expression product, fusion protein was purified by Sephadex G-100 column, bioactivity of IL-18 was measured by MTT assays. Experiment results show fusion protein of pIL-18 secreted by GS115,expression reaches the secretion peak of 160 mg/L at 72 h. We have expressed and purified successfully the recombinant pIL-18 with obvious biological activity in Pichia pastoris.

Study on the Teaching of Guiding Medical Students to Design and Make Auscultative System / 中华医学教育探索杂志

The teaching of experiment about how to guide medical students to design and make auscultative system is given.By designing and making auscultative system,the student can not only understand computer system and its interface,including amplifier circuit,filter circuit,A/D and D/A circuit,but also train their ability to use hand and the knowledge learned,thus arousing their innovation and creativity.

Counting-type analog quantity and development of mutli-channel telemetering computer system for dynamic information about human vascular wall / 生物医学工程学杂志

Counting-type analog quantity (CAQ), a new conception, is introduced in this article. CAQ possesses some features of analog quantity and digital quantity, that is to say, it has double features. By analysis, two kinds of CAQ are found: one is width-modulated countable pulse series, the other is frequency-modulated countable pulse series. Furthermore, the method of generating CAQ is described and its double feature is also proved. It is very convenient to realize single-channel or multi-channel analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion by using CAQ without utilizing present integrated A/D conversion chip. In this paper, for proving its feasibility, multi-channel telemetering computer system for dynamic information about human vascular wall,a typical example of using CAQ in medicine, is expatiated. The typical example clearly indicates: not only the method for application of CAQ is simple and viable, but also the application of CAQ is very wide.

A new method for measuring linearity of physiological instrumentation / 生物医学工程学杂志

Based on theoretic analysis, a new method for measuring linearity of physiological instrument and its inner unit circuits is provided. In this method, the sawtooth wave signal, which includes a base wave and its odd-even times harmonic waves, is used to act as input signal, then the linearity of physiological instrument and its inner unit circuits can be measured by analyzing the shape and frequency property of the output signal. The results of experiment show this method is quick and convenient for measuring the linearity of physiological instrument and its inner unit circuits.

Development of opened instrument for generating and measuring physiological signal / 生物医学工程学杂志

An opened instrument with liquid crystal display (LCD) for generating and measuring physiological signal is introduced in this paper. Based on a single-chip microcomputer. the instrument uses the technique of LCD screen to display signal wave and information, and it realizes man-machine interaction by keyboard. This instrument can produce not only defined signal in common use by utilizing important saved data and relevant arithmetic, but also user-defined signal. Therefore, it is open to produce signal. In addition, this instrument has strong extension because of its modularized design as computer, which has much function such as displaying, measuring and saving physiological signal, and many features such as low power consumption, small volume, low cost and portability. Hence this instrument is convenient for experiment teaching, clinic examining, maintaining of medical instrument.