Aspergillosis of the Lung Presenting as Hemoptysis.

Among mycotic diseases of the lung, pulmonary aspergillosis caused by aspergilloma fumigatus is the one encountered most frequently. An unusual case with a cystic lesion in the lung which turned out to be an aspergilloma is presented here.

Open labelled evaluation of injection Manyana (a combination of diclofenac + pitofenone + fenpiverinium) in ureteric, biliary and intestinal spasm--a preliminary report.

To study the efficacy and safety of a parenteral formulation of 'Manyana' (a combination of diclofenac + pitofenone + fenpiverinium) in ureteric, biliary and intestinal colic, an open labelled study was conducted at two centres. A total of 206 patients were enrolled and evaluated for decrease in pain with time on a visual analogue scale. A statistically significant difference was observed in pain within 30 minutes of drug administration and the pain relief lasted for as long as 24 hours post dosing. The study shows definite synergism between the antispasmodics pitofenone and fenpiverinium with the NSAID-diclofenac, reducing the prostaglandin levels and also the spasm related to colic.

Benign Hyperplasia of Prostate:A Correlation Between.

We evaluated 50 conscutive patients of benign hyperplasia of prostate admitted for surgery according to a standard protocol noting down specific details of history, physical examination and sonographic findings in each patient. All patients were operated upon via the transvesical route. Ultrasonography proved to be the be the best predictor of actual prostatic weight. Digital rectal examination seems to be a reasonably accurate method of assessment of prostatic size. Clinically the age of the patient, the severity of obstructive or irritative symptoms and the presence or absence of urinary retention do not correlate well with the size of the prostate. The severity of the symptoms of their duration proved to be poor predictors of eventual development of urinary retention. Due the presence of associated medical problems in these patients and with the advent of trans urethral resection of prostate ( TURP) and nonsurgical means of therapy, a proper preoperative assessment of size of prostate clinically and by sonography is recommended so as to assess the need and the type of surgery.

Double blind, randomised, parallel, prospective, comparative, clinical evaluation of a combination of antispasmodic analgesic Diclofenac + Pitofenone + Fenpiverinium (Manyana vs Analgin + Pitofenone + Fenpiverinium (Baralgan) in biliary, ureteric and intestinal colic.

In this double blind, prospective study, the relative efficacy of Diclofenac + Pitofenone + Fenpiverinium (Manyana) and Analgin + Pitofenone + Fenpiverinium (Baralgan) in 200 patients of biliary, ureteric and intestinal colic was evaluated. Patients were given these coded drugs thrice daily for five days starting from day 0 to day 5. The results of the present clinical evaluation demonstrated that Manyana appeared to be superior to Baralgan in biliary and ureteric colic while it was therapeutically equivalent to Baralgan in reducing the pain intensity in intestinal colic. Both the medications were tolerated well and there were no side-effects reported.

Horse-shoe Kidney-Approach to Treatment.

Horse-shoe kidney is a congenital anomaly which is associated with calculous formation and pelviureteric junction obstruction due to the abnormal lie of the pelvis and ureters. The patient presents as pain in abdomen, recurrent urinary tract infection, lump in abdomen, haematuria and pyuria. Division of the isthmus and simultaneous nephropexy corrects the lie of the pelvis and ureters and is recommended as the surgery for symptomatic horse-shoe kidney. If the pelviureteric junction is dependent and funnel shaped, simple nephropexy in lower polar diversion position will suffice but if there is high insertion of the ureter, some form of pyeloplasty is mandatory. A contralateral nephropexy, at a later stage, is also recommended.

"Changing trends (clinico-biochemical) in gall-bladder stone disease"--an observation.

Present study has been undertaken to know the causative factors responsible for change in trend of gall-stone disease from middle aged, fertile, fat females to young asthenic females in twenties. Our findings reveal high incidence of gall stone formation in non-obese young females. Average fat consumption in non-obese patients was less (17%) than that of obese (26%). However, use of oral contraceptives was high in non-obese females and maximum users were in young age group while in obese in middle age group. Bilirubin content in gall bladder stones of non-obese was significantly more than that of obese (p < 0.01) whereas cholesterol content in gall bladder stones of obese was significantly high when compared to non-obese subjects. Analysis of bile showed significant increase in bilirubin and calcium level of non-obese when compared to control and obese subjects whereas phosphorus levels were significantly decreased in the bile of non obese subjects. These findings suggest that in non-obese females less intake of fat, early use of oral contraceptives, higher contents of bilirubin and calcium and low content of phosphorus in bile may be responsible for gall stone formation.

Oral expulsion of Taenia saginata.

We report a 25-year-old woman who presented with abdominal pain, vomiting and fever, and had an epigastric lump on examination. At laparotomy she was diagnosed to have acute segmental jejunitis. Three days postoperative, she vomited a 2-meter-long tapeworm (Taenia saginata), a rare route of expulsion.

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunostaining in breast carcinoma and its relationship to clinical and pathological variables.

Tumour proliferative activity of 74 breast lesions was assessed by determining mitotic index and immunostaining for proliferative cell nuclear antigen using Peroxidase antiperoxidase method. The indices were correlated with histomorphology and clinical stage of the disease. Positively stained nuclei and mitotic figures were counted per 1000 cells to calculate Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) and mitotic index respectively. Sixty four cases stained positive for PCNA. The index ranged between 0 to 98. PCNA index was significantly low in benign lesions as compared to malignant lesions (p < 0.0002). There was a linear correlation between the mitotic index and PCNA index. PCNA index also showed significant correlation with tumour size and histologic grade; however, it had no correlation with axillary lymph node status.