RESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Exposure to noise results in pertubations of cochlear microcirculation. There is evidence that these events are mediated, in part, by the calcium channel. The subsequent decrease in cochlear blood flow may lead to hypoxia and predispose to the formation of free oxygen radicals. Saponin extracted from Korean red ginseng is generally known to enhance blood flow and scavenge for free oxygen radicals. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We investigated the effect of saponin (100 mg/kg) on the cochlear damage induced by noise exposure (1500 Hz narrow band noise, 115 dB, 12hours) in guinea pigs through auditory brainstem response (ABR) and with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), RESULTS: After noise exposure, the saponin pre-treated group showed a significant decrease in the ARR threshold compared with the saponin non- treated group. Also, SEM findings of the cochlea showed that there was a minimal structural change in the outer hair cells in the saponin pre-treated group. CONCLUSION: Saponin extracted from Korean red ginseng can attenuate noise induced cochlear damage in guinea pigs.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Hipoxia , Canales de Calcio , Cóclea , Potenciales Evocados Auditivos del Tronco Encefálico , Cobayas , Cabello , Pérdida Auditiva , Microcirculación , Microscopía , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo , Ruido , Panax , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno , SaponinasRESUMEN
Since the initial description of allergic fungal sinusitis by Millar et al. in 1981, reported cases have been increasing. However, one case of allergic fungal sinusitis has been reported in Korea. The diagnosis can be established by demonstrating type I hypersensitivity reaction, nasal polyposis, characteristic CT scan, eosinophilic mucus without evidence of fungal invasion into sinus tissue, and a positive fungal stain or culture of sinus contents. The authors present a case which met the diagnostic criteria of allergic fungal sinusitis. This patient had nasal polyp and showed elevated level of total IgE, peripheral eosinophilia, positive MAST and strongly positive immediate skin reactivity to fungal antigens. On histologic examination, typical allergic mucin containing sheets of eosinophils, Charcot-Leyden crystals was found. Fungal hyphae were also found in the mucin content.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Antígenos Fúngicos , Diagnóstico , Eosinofilia , Eosinófilos , Hipersensibilidad Inmediata , Hifa , Inmunoglobulina E , Corea (Geográfico) , Mucinas , Moco , Pólipos Nasales , Sinusitis , Piel , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XRESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Large doses or long-term use of salicylate may cause reversible tinnitus and hearing loss. The exact cause of salicylate ototoxicity in unknown. Decreased cochlear blood flow following reversible biochemical changes in the cochlea seems to play an important role in salicylate ototoxicity. Protopanaxatriol and protopanaxadiol saponin of the Panax ginseng are known to have a vasodilatory effect. We investigated the effect of Panax ginseng saponin on salicylate induced hearing loss in guinea pigs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Guinea pigs were divided into two groups. The control group was injected with salicylate (300 mg/kg, IM) and the experimental group was pretreated with Panax ginseng saponin (100 mg/kg, IP) before salicylate injection. ABR threshold was measured hourly after salicylate injection. RESULTS: The control group showed a maximal hearing loss (20+/-3.54 dBnHL) in 3 hours after the salicylate injection. Comparing with the control group, the experimental group revealed a significantly different maximal hearing loss (5+/-3.54 dBnHL). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the protopanaxatriol and protopanaxadiol saponin of the Panax ginseng can attenuate salicylate induced hearing loss.