Measurement of ground reaction forces during forward and backward walking in flat foot female subjects

Flexible flat foot is a common deformity in lower extremity, the foot arch collapses and the ground reaction forces does not apply properly to the foot. Backward walking is a common rehabilitive technique and is utilized to improve strength and balance. The purpose of this present study is to compare the salient points vertical ground reaction force measurements in flat foot patients while walking forward and backward with those of healthy subjects using a force plate system. 10 flexible fait foot female subjects and 10 healthy female subjects were recruited to participate in this study. Each Subject walked 5 times forward and 5 times backward and the vertical ground reaction force was measured by a force platform. The results of this present study suggest a significant difference in kinetic pattern of forward walking compared to backward walking in both healthy and flexible flat foot participants. The force related to first peak of vertical ground reaction force was significantly less in forward walking compared to backward walking [p=0.000]. Whereas the force related to trough and second peak of vertical ground reaction force were significantly high in forward walking compared to backward walking [p=0.000]. The results of this study show that backward walking changes the ground reaction force compared to forward walking; and the main characteristic of this difference is due to decrease offerees applied to the heel of foot which may be important in flat foot patients

Determination of methicillin resistance among staphylococcus aureus using different antibiotic susceptibility tests

During a ten months study, thirty nine coagulase positive staphylococcus strains were isolated from 262 clinical samples collected from patients admitted to the Surgical Intensive Care Unit [SICU] and Critical Care Center of Kasr El-Aini Hospital. Twenty eight coagulase positive staphylococcus strains were isolated from nose and throat swabs taken from health care personnels of both units. Antibiotic sensitivity test was done for all strains to several antibiotics using the disc diffusion test [Kirby-Bauer method]. Sensitivity test for methicillin and oxacillin were done using disc diffusion test, minimal inhibitory concentration test and oxacillin screening agar method. Discrepancies were found between results of the three methods. The results of disc diffusion test for determination of methicillin and/or oxacillin resistance for staphylococcus aureus should be confirmed by either the MIC test or oxacillin Muller Hinton screening test

Unusual pathway of a penetrating reticular foreign body in a buffalo [clinical report]

Clinical examination of a female buffalo revealed presence of a hot painful fist-size swelling situated on right ventrolateral aspect of the thorax at the level of elbow joint on rumenotomy, a 15 cm long piece of sharp hard wire was found penetrating the reticulum and passing through a fibrous tissue canal causing subcutanous abscess