Epidemiological and clinical study of infested cases with pediculus capitis and P. corporis in Khorasan-e-Razavi, Iran

Pediculosis [head lice] is considered as one of the most common health problems of the students in primary schools. The purpose of this study was to survey the prevalence rate of the infestation in the schools of Gonabad City [south of Khorasan-e-Razavi Province] to prevent its outbreak by on-time planning. In this retrospective-descriptive study, data were collected from the files of recorded health examinations of 55,997 female and male students of Gonabad City. We surveyed the infested cases to Pediculus capitis and P. corporis during 2006-2010. We used schools health unit of the city health center and review reports of infestation to head lice and body lice in cumulative centers. The reports showed 398 cases of P. capitis and 3 P. corporis infestations, which 91.5% were female [P <0.05]. Generally 46.4% were from rural and 63.6% were from urban areas [P <0.05]. 71.3% of the infestation to head lice was from the last month and the rest had recently been infested. The most age group being infested were students of 6-10 years old and the lowest were >17 yr. Pediculosis infestation has become a major health problem in primary school students in south of Khorasan-e-Razavi

[Evaluation of realization rate of under curriculum at Tehran's universities school of dentistry from 2001-2005]

Considering the number of dental graduates and the increasing trend of their concerns and goals of the educational program, a lack of information about This, and its related problems, the aim of this study was to evaluate student opinions on academic curriculum the following dental schools: Tehran University of Shahid Beheshti Islamic Azad university and Shahed University, from 2001 to 2005.This cross-sectional study was conducted on all graduated students. All students were asked to fill out questionarre, stating their opinion of their academic curriculum, the questionarre included topics and 10 variables which wear classified into 5 categories of completely, Moderately, slightly and insufficiently adequate. Related variables, including school of dentistry and personal attributes were also taken into consideration and chi-2 statestical test was utilized for date analysis. Out of 1481 cases of dental graduated, study was conducted on 662 person Results of realization was 12.3%, 27.4%, 33. 6%, 14.9%, 11. 8% for complete, high medium low very low respectively and there are 60.3% of non realization and in this study. the most non realization was about Basic Sciences [71.8%] and insufficiency of requirement [71.6%] rate of realization was different in the universities and female and single graduated [that living with her family had more non realization] It seems non realization of curriculum and its related problems are worrisome and necessary performance for reduction of these problemsis recommended

[Efficacy of deltamethrin-impregnated dog collars against sandflies at endemic focus of Bojnord district, North Khorasan province]

Domestic dogs are the most important reservoir of visceral leishmaniasis [VL] at the endemic foci of Iran. The disease are transmission to others dogs and human by sandflies, the logic of VL prevention in world is: dogs vaccination, chemical treatment dogs, diagnosis and eliminating of infected dogs, impregnated dogs with soaps that have been reported different degrees of success. Now using deltamethrin-impregnated dog collars have been pointed, because of its impacts good in prevents of infected dogs to VL. In this study, the Efficacy of indexs of dog collars [Scalibor Registered] was evaluated in North-Khorasan province.For this aim,6 dogs selected as well as had similar age, weight, race and not have VL. and randomly classified in two groups as treated and untreated In the beginning of the transmission season, three DMC was separately fitted to 3 dogs and the other ones were considered as control [collarless] group. Two weeks after collar fited and any 15 days from June 2006 to September 2007 in evening one of collar and collarless dogs with their regard replacement in any shift in. separate were exposed to wild-caught sandflies during night time [2 h after sunset] using two separate bed nets. At the end of exposure time, the sand flies were re-captured and transferred to inside netted caps and maintained at optimal condition for 24 hours in order to assess the mortality. Data analysis revealed that the blood-feeding index was 13.4% - 27.6% for DMS fitted dogs, and 54.2% - 59.3% for control [collarless] dogs which the difference is statistically significant [p<0.005]. Also the index of blood-feeding inhibition were 51.3% - 66.2% and 37% - 44.8% for collared and collarless dogs respectively and showed a significant difference [p<0.01]. The mortality was 20.42%- 21.88% for sand flies fed on collared dogs, and 1.04% - 6.17% for those fed on control dogs [p<0.004]. The range of combined effects [inhibition of blood-feeding and mortality] was found 72.37% - 86.62% for collared dogs, and 40.74% - 45.83% for control dogs. The findings of this study indicate the considerable effects of DMC on inhibition of blood-feeding as well as mortality of wild-caught sandflies

[ prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis C virus infection among thalassemic patients of Qazvin [2005]]

Beta-thalassemia major presents with a severe anemia and various complications. Thalassemia is a common disease in Iran and according to reports there are more than 25000 thalassemic patients throughout the country. Regular and multiple transfusions put these patients at increased risk of HCV infection and the majority of patients are prone to develop advanced form of chronic liver disease. To determine the prevalence of HCV infection among thalassemic patients of Qazvin in 2005 and also assessing the possible risk factor for HCV infection amongst these patients. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study performed on 207 multi-transfused patients with beta-thalassemia major in Qazvin. Initially, the data associated with possible risk factor was collected for each patient followed by testing blood samples for presence of Anti-HCV Ab, Anti-HBC Ab, and other serologic tests. Anti-HCV Ab was found in 54 patients [26.1%] by ELISA. Confirmation of positive samples were carried out using RIBA and 92% produced similar results and only 4 samples positive by ELISA [1.9%] turned to be negative by RIBA. Duration of disease, poor education, positive history of major surgery, history of transfusion after 1997, frequent transfusion, ageing, and high family member were found to be significantly associated with higher prevalence of HCV infection in thalassemic patients. Among thalassemic patients in Qazvin, 24.01% were infected with HCV. Considering the infection rate in 2002, no significant difference was found between the present and the previous infection rates, statistically. Regarding the current practice of safe blood-transfusion program in our country, it is concluded that eliminating of risk factors and the use of screening tests with higher sensitivity could be among the key elements in controlling the prevalence of HCV infection among thalassemic patients