Effect of human chorionic gonadotropin and vitamine E on cellular density of CA1 hippocampal area, learning ability and memory, following ischemia - reperfusion injury in mice

Reduction in cerebral blood flow following cereblal ischemia cause the production of oxygen free radicals and finally leads to brain tissue destruction. Pyramidal cells of the CA1 region of hippocampus are highly sensitive to hypoxic condition. This study was done to determine the effect of human chorionic gonadotropin [hCG] and vitamine E on cellular density of CA1 hippocampal area, learning ability and memory, following ischemia - reperfusion injury in mice. This experimental study was done on 40 male mice in 5 groups as follow: sham control, ischemia, hCG treated, vitamine E treated and hCG + vitamine E treated groups. Single dose of vitamin E was injected intraperitonaly during the establishment of reperfusion and hCG was injected from 48h after ischemia for 5 days. Folowing the treatment period, mice brains were fixated by transcardial perfusion and stained by nissle method. The shuttle box was used to evaluate the learning memory. Co-administartion of vitamine E and hCG, significantly increased the cell numbers in hippocampus compared to the ischemic group [P<0.001]. Also learning and memory improved in treatment group in comparison with ischemia group [P<0.05]. Co-administration of vitamin E and hCG improved ischemia-induced neurodegenration and memory impairment

investigation on the nitrogen content of a petroleum refinery's wastewater and its removal by biological treatment

This investigation was performed on the biological removal of nitrogen from refinery's wastewater by the nitrification and denitrification process. In a petroleum refinery, removing of hydrocarbons is the main concern and nitrogen content is supposed to be negligible. The aim of this work was to search for nitrogen in Tehran Refinery wastewater and employing a biological technology to reduce this pollutant. Samplings were done in different points of wastewater treatment plant; influent to aeration unit, effluent of aeration unit and effluent of clarifiers. The results showed that despite of a high average removal efficiency of COD > 93%, the nitrogen removal during conventional activated sludge process was not efficient and sludge rising due to denitrification was observed within the clarifier. The analysis conducted in laboratory scale showed that a simultaneous nitrification and denitrification [SND] process could easily be realized in the same activated sludge plant by using the flocculating sludge and control of dissolved oxygen concentration. It was found that the higher MLSS value [10.0 g/L] and mixing rate [300 rpm] is effective in improving total nitrogen removal and overall SND performance. Our experimental results indicated that the SND process is very efficient for nitrogen removal from industrial wastewater