RESUMEN
Different menopausal manifestations may be due to low level of sex hormones. Considering the important side effects of hormone replacement therapy [HRT] provides more attention to the other modalities of treatment like phytoestrogens. So, this study was done to compare the therapeutic effect of soy protein with hormone therapy in decreasing of menopausal manifestations. In this trial, 73 women, recently entered to menopausal state were studied in three groups for 4 months. The first group was 20 women, who underwent HRT. The second and third groups, each one including 24 and 29 women respectively, were treated by 60 gr and 10Qgr of soya per day. Some of the menopausal manifestations, consisting: sleep disorder, hot flush, recent memory loss, vaginal mucosal maturation index [MI], dysparonia and mean arterial blood pressure were evaluated before and after treatment. Four and nine patients from second and third group have respectively dropped out of study due to discontinuation of therapy. After therapy, hot flush improved 55%, 60% and 65% in HRT, soya 60gr and soya 100gr groups, respectively. Also sleep disorder improved by 40%, 50%, and 60% at the same groups, respectively. Increasing memory was seen by 60%, 40% and 65% in first, second and third groups. Vaginal MI improved 90% in first, 80% in second and 55% in third groups. Dysparonia decreased 45%, 25% and 50% in first, second, third groups, respectively. Mean arterial pressure decreased 5.6 mmHg in HRT, 1.3 mmHg in soya 60gr and 2.4 mmhg in soya 100gr groups. All findings were significant after therapy by all modalities [p<0.05]. But there was no significant difference between different modalities of treatments. The result of the study showed, soya with a little difference, like HRT could improve menopausal symptoms, and its effect increases dose dependently. So considering the HRT dangers, soybeans could be a suitable treatment substitute for relief of menopausal symptoms
RESUMEN
Background and Objective: The aim of this study was to compare short and long term complications of three modalities of laparoscopic tubal ligation by bipolar electrocoagulation, double ring and filishi clip
Methods: This analytical study as a prospective trial was performed on gynecologic center of Babol university of medical sciences between 1996-2002. In this study, 334 patients [187 by bipolar electrocoagulation, 50 by applying filishi clip and 97 by applying sialastic double ring] were operated by general anesthesia after including in the criteria: Medical health, voluntarily request, without age limit and in the first half of cycle. After evaluation of their early and late complications, data was analyzed by t-test and chi-square test
Findings: Early complications including mesosalpinx tearing and hematoma formation were happened in 4 cases of ring [4.2%] and one case of electrocoagulation [0.5%]. Technical performance, post operation chest pain and hospital stay were equal among three modalities. Pelvic pain has been observed in 19.4% ring group, 7% electrocoagulation group and 6% filishi clip group following surgery. Complete recovery was obtained in 24 hrs for electrocoagulation and filishi group were 47.6% and 58%, respectively and 9% for ring method but within 48 hrs, it was obtained 53.6% for ring group, 9.6% for electrocoagulation group and 10% for filishi clip. Late complications, which were assessed after 2 years of operations, have been equal in three modalities. Only one case of pregnancy [Ring method] has been detected among the whole cases. Mean [+/-SD] operation times were 8.4 [+/-2.5] min, 11.8 [+/-1.6] min and 11.9 [+/-1.5] min for electrocoagulation, ring and filishi clip, respectively
Conclusion: Ring method of laparoscopic tubal ligation has more early and late complications relative to electrocoagulation and filishi methods, and using single puncture bipolar electrocoagulation can be the fastest procedure among the above three modalities