Effect of packaging material and ultraviolet radiation on cake shelf life

The present study was carried out to avoid any microbial contamination in the post process stage to bakery products and to increase the shelf life of cakes by ultraviolet lamp [280nm Hanovia]. There are many factors affecting the inhibition of microorganisms growth on the cake surfaces. The exposure time was [10, 20, 30min], angular distance of UV lamp was [10, 20, 30cm] and [before and after] packaging, the effectiveness of UV lamp for cake preservation was investigated. The inhibition of the total count, mold and yeast, and spore-forming bacteria increased in the cakes packaged in polypropylene bags by the increased exposure time and decreased the lamp distance. The samples of cakes packaged in polypropylene bags before treatment, at an exposure time of 30min and 10cm distance, after 5 weeks [total count were 80 colonies/gm, which spore-forming bacteria, and [mold and yeast] were nil,. Recording longer the shelf life in compared to samples of cake packaged in polypropylene bags after ultraviolet treatment, [with exposure time 30min and 10cm distance] Total count were 80 colonies /gm, spore-forming bacteria, and [yeast and molds] were nil, after 8 weeks at 70c. While the samples treated before packaging with exposure time 10 min and 30 cm distance [The total count sore-forming bacteria, and [yeast and molds] were 560, 370, 310 colonies/gm, respectively after 8 weeks at 70°C. The sensory evaluation of the studied cakes led to indicated that the U.V. treatment had non-significant effect on sensory properties of the cakes

Immunoprophylactic effect of single and mixed schistosomal antigens on Schistosoma mansoni infected mice

This study aimed to detect the cellular, humoral immune responses and protection against schistosomes induced by cercarial [CAP], soluble worm [SWAP], soluble egg [SEA], and mixed [SEA + CAP], [SEA + SWAP] and [CAP + SWAP] antigens to Schistosoma mansoni infection in mice, and the improvement in the liver enzyme activities before and after challenge with S. mansoni. Each mouse was sensitized with an initial immunization of 0.6 ml of the extracted antigen [30µg protein/ml]. After one week, a second injection of 0.4 ml was given [20µg protein/ml]. Then, each mouse was exposed to 80 cercariae. Six weeks post challenge the protection percentage was 42.5, 58.33, 53.33, 60.91, 78.16 and 64.77% for CAP, SEA, SWAP, [SEA +CAP], [SEA+SWAP] and [CAP + SWAP], respectively. The results revealed a high significant interrelation between number of lymph node cells [MLN] [P

Assessment of some general and oral health hazards among radar exposed workers

This study was performed to determine the level of exposure to radar waves irradiation among the workers of radar station and examine the harmful effects of exposure to radar waves upon some target body organs and systems, including the oral affection, among workers of a radar station. There was significantly high exposure levels at the working zone that exceeded in some area - the recommended standard level by more than threefold. The study showed that there was significantly higher frequency of headache, epistaxis, auditory disorders and skin affections among exposed persons in comparison to controls. Also there was significantly higher mean arterial blood pressure both systolic and diastolic among exposed workers compared to controls. Oral manifestations included toothache, clinching of jaws, higher, and higher DMF index gingival score and temporomandibular joint disorders; all were significantly higher among the exposed in comparison to controls. Recommendations include protective measures to decrease exposure to radiation hazards and pre-employment periodical medical and oral examination

Role of computed tomography in diagnosis of cerebral infarction

CT study was done to 78 patients presenting with clinical findings suggestive of brain infarction. The CT appearance of brain infarction was found to be dependent on many parameters, mainly the age and stage of the infarction whether initial, developmental or sequellar stage, the location of infarction whether superficial or deep and the size of infarction area whether small or massive. Hypodensity was the most characteristic and most stable CT abnormality of brain infarct. Diminution or disappearance of hypodensity, the fogging effect, occurred during the second and third weeks after the ictus. This phenomenon lasts for few days and may present a great diagnostic difficulty. Contrast enhancement is of utmost importance in detecting cerebral infarction during this period

Radiological cholecystography versus ultrasonography in detecting gall stones

Ultrasonography permits a noninvasive visualization of the biliary tract [normal or diseased] with a great accuracy rate, so it fastly replaced. Cholecystography as the initial screening tool in patients with suspected gallbladder disease. A total of 102 cases with clinical manifestations of biliary disease were examined, where ultrasonography was made for all patients and in the following day oral cholangiography was done. Intravenous cholangiography was done in two situations: Non-visualization of gallbladder in one and faint opacification of gallbladder with doubtful lucent shadows

Iliac index, radiological evaluation and clinical usefulness

The iliac index is the some of the acetabular and iliac angles averaged for the two sides of the pelvis is considered a good indicator of the presence of Down syndrome. It was also tried to assess its value in other congenital skeletal dysplasias. This study was conducted on 87 children diagnosed as cases of trisomy 21 in the Kuwait Genetics Center and 36 cases with different heritable bony dysplasias

Ileo-jejunal fistula complicating Crohn's disease in a bedouin patient: radiological appearance with a brief review of the literature

Crohn's disease is a nonspecific chronic granulomatous disease affecting large segments of the bowel. It is seen most often in the Western Hemisphere. The relative infrequent occurrence of this condition here, with rarity of fistulae formation has prompted us to report this case

Renal autotransplantation for chyluria a case report

A case of chyluria has been successfully treated by autotransplantation of the kidney. The success of the procedure was assessed radiologically

Evaluation of renal function before and after urinary diversion. A report of 56 cases of urinary diversion treated at the royal hospital for sick children - Glasgow, U.K.

The results of follow up study of 56 children who underwent urinary diversion operation are presented. Skin diversion procedures [ileal loop conduit, ureterostomy and sigmoid loop vesicostomy] offered better chance for upper urinary tract drainage than diversion in the intact colon. Skin diversion procedures are therefore especially recommended whenever preoperative kidney function is deranged. Urinary tract infection was a common finding in all cases of the study