frequency distribution of parainfluenza, adeno and respiratory syncytial virus infections in children below 2 years old with bronchiolititis, by multiplex polymerase chain reaction method, afzalipoor hospital, kerman, 2006

Acute respiratory infections are common cause of mortality during childhood. This study was designed to determine the incidence of adenovirus, parainfluenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus in respiratory infections by Multiplex PCR method. This study included 168 children under 2 years of age with clinical diagnosis of bronchiolitis. Nasopharyngeal specimens were taken and transferred to the virology laboratory in VTM transport medium. Following extraction of viral DNA and RNA, Multiplex RT-PCR was performed. From 168 specimens, 33 cases [19.6%] were infected with parainfluenza viruses, 18 cases [10.7%] with adenovirus and 63 cases [37.5%] with RSV. The rest of the specimens were negative for these viruses, which indicated that these specimens had been probably infected with other viral agents not investigated in this study, or with mycoplasma. No significant correlation was found between WBC count, ESR values, degree of air trapping, coryza, fever, cough, retraction rale, wheezing and the type of viral infection. Also no significant correlation was found based on age, sex or general condition of patients. Major causes of viral infections in this study were respectively respiratory syncytial virus [RSV], parainfluenza and adenovirus

Comparison of the frequency of CMV and parvo B19 infections in intrauterin fetal death and normal pregnancy

Maternal infections with parvovirus B19 and cytomegalovirus [CMV] maybe associated with intrauterine fetal death. The aim of this study was to compare frequency of CMV and Parvovirus B19 Infections in intrauterine fetal death [IUFD] and normal pregnancy. In a case-control study in Afzalipour Hospital during 2006 placental biopsies were collected from 70 cases of IUFD and 70 normal term pregnancies as controls and were examined for CMV DNA and parvovirus B19 DNA using polymerase chain reaction [PCR]. Maternal viral serology was measured as well. Cytomegalovirus DNA on placental biopsies were recovered in 44.3% [31 cases] of cases and 5.7% [4cases] of the controls. [OR = 11.6, 95% CI 4.2-32.3, P = 0.0001]. CMV IgG antibodies were found in 98.6% of two groups. In whole, 44.3% of case group and 5.7% of the control group had CMV IgM antibodies [OR = 13.11, 95% CI 4.3-39.95, P = 0.0001]. Parvovirus DNA were found in 10% [7 cases] of case group and 1.4% [lease] of the control group [OR = 7.7, 95% CI 0.92-64, P = 0.06]. 37.2% of cases and 22.1% of the controls had IgG. IgM antibodies were found in 10% [7 cases] of the case group and 2.9% [2 cases] of the control group [OR = 3.78, 95%CI 0.76-18.9, P = 0.16]. CMV maybe considered as an etiologic factor in fetal death. PCR on placental and presence of IgM antibodies can be used for diagnosis of this infection. Association of maternal parvovirus B19 infection with IUFD is not clear