RESUMEN
The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of rubber dam during root canal treatment and how to enhance its usage among dentists in Karachi. This was a questionnaire based study conducted by Endodontic Department of Jinnah Medical and Dental College. It was conducted from 28 April 2016 to 10 September 2016. The questions were divided into six categories; Demographic data, knowledge, availability, usage, advantages and disadvantages of rubber dam usage during root canal treatment. Total 263 out of 300 responded in which 59% were general dental practitioners, 35.7% were house officers, 25% were specialists. While 55% of house officers, 59% general dental practitioners and only 25% of the specialists used rubber dam during root canal treatment. Overall 12% of the respondent thought rubber dam usage can be promoted through both lectures and workshop while 26.6% opted for lectures, 36.5% through workshops, and 24% by some other means. It was concluded from the current study that the use of rubber dam is less common during root canal treatment among dentists in Karachi, in spite of knowing all the benefits of the rubber dam usage
RESUMEN
Background: Innocent murmurs are important clinical signs detected by clinicians
Objective: To determine the prevalence of innocent murmur in general rural population of Rahim Yar Khan
Methodology: This was a cross sectional study conducted during 2012. A representative sample of general rural population of Rahim Yar Khan was selected by random sampling technique. Eleven villages were screened by auscultation and confirmed by echo/Doppler studies at Sheikh Zayed Medical College/Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan
Results: 404 persons were found with murmurs, 148 individuals on initial screening have innocent murmur [IM]. 203 persons have suspect murmur and they underwent echocardiography. IM was found in 96 subject after echocardiography. The prevalence of IM was 244 [12.2%] in this study
Conclusion: This study indicate high prevalence of innocent murmur in general rural communities