RESUMEN
Objective: the purpose of this study is to assess health status, needs and available services of the community
Material and Methods: it was a cross sectional study of 50 participants, studying medical/public health in various institutes, belonging to different areas of Punjab. In addition to collecting basic demographic details, questions were asked to assess the health. Needs [in their particular community area]. All the data were noted down on a short structured questionnaire. Categorical data were presented as percentages and in form of graphs while descriptive and frequency distribution was used for quantitative analyses
Results: there were an equal proportion of males and females in our respondents. The mean age of our respondent was 23+/-2 years. Out of total 50 respondents only 40 had access to health facility within 5 km range. Only 25 [50%] participants responded a satisfactory health status of their family. 43 participants responded to their family disease status as chronic diseases and 07 responded as infectious diseases. Allopathic treatment was the most preferred one. 55% of the participants responded that they had sufficient access to health facilities in their areas. With respect to improvement in health needs 85% participants responded that they need improvement in health facilities in their communities
Conclusions: a significant proportion of the participants responded to their family disease status as chronic diseases which may be due to changing patterns and exposure to certain risk factors. Awareness regarding health needs was demonstrated by only 40% of the participants in their respective communities. This information demonstrates that family health is still an important indicator of health need assessment and needs to be evaluated
RESUMEN
Objective: to evaluate the morphological effects of ribavirin on adult ovary of albino rats
Material and Methods: this experimental study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Shaikh Zayed Postgraduate Medical Institute, Lahore in collaboration with Department of Zoology, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, University of Punjab. Doses of 20,100, 200mg/kg of ribavirin were given to albino rats orally for five consecutive days at intervals of 24 hrs. The ovaries were processed for histopathological analysis on day 14 after the last exposure. The gross parameters studied were body weight, paired ovarian weight, relative tissue weight index [RTWI]. Data was analyzed by AN OVA and Tukey's test for statistically significant difference
Results: there was decrease in body weight of experimental groups compared with control at higher dose-levels i.e 100 and 200mg/kg. When paired ovarian weights were compared among groups the overall difference was significant. Post hoc analysis revealed that low dose group had significantly low ovarian weight as compared to control. When RTWI was compared among groups the overall difference was significant. Post hoc analysis revealed that low dose group i.e 20mg/kg had significantly low RTWI as compared to control
Conclusion: ribavirin administration in adult female rat showed significant harmful effects on ovary, and these gonadotoxic effects of ribavirin may cause infertility in females during reproductive period