Identification of four Armillaria strains and their effects on quality and yield of Gastrodia elata f. glauca / 中国中药杂志

In order to improve the quality and yield of Gastrodia elata f. glauca,determine the suitable Armillaria strains for the accompanying experiment in Xiaocaoba,Yiliang,four Armillaria strains were selected. They were used for G. elata cultivation,and the gene sequence,r DNA-ITS,β-tubulin and EF1-α of four Armillaria strains,were compared and analyzed. The yield was mesured in November which was based on previous laboratory research. The tubers were washed and steamed,then dried and powdered. The content of gastrodin and p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol was determined by UPLC,the polysaccharide was determined by phenol-concentrated sulfuric acid method. The results showed that the strains M1,M2,M3 and M4 were Armillaria gallica group but there were differences in the yield and active ingredient content when they were cultivated with the same G. elata. The yield of G. elata( Jian Ma) was the lowest when cultivated with Armillaria strain M3,but it was not the same when used M1,0. 981 kg·m-2,the highest yield in the four stains.The content of gastrodin was 0. 581%,the total content of gastrodin and p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol was 0. 595%,when accompanied with M1 strains. It was higher than other strains. The content of G. elata polysaccharide was 2. 132%,which was similar to the content of M3 strain,higher than that of M2 and M4 strain. Selecting phylogenesis of Armillaria strians,the content of active ingredient,and the yield as indicators,it was concluded concerned that the M1 strain was the best of four strains. The results will provide a theoretical basis and guidance for higher yield and quality in cultivation of G. elata in Yiliang.

Chemical constituents from fruiting bodies of Tremella sanguinea / 中国中药杂志

The chemical constituents from the fruiting bodies of Tremella sanguinea were separated and purified by column chromatography on silica gel,ODS,Sephadex LH-20,and RP-HPLC. The structures of the isolated compounds were identified on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectroscopic data analysis,as well as comparisons with the data reported in the literature. Sixteen compounds were isolated from the 90% ethanol extract of the fruiting bodies of T. sanguinea,which were identified as( 22 E)-5α,8α-epidioxy-24-methyl-cholesta-6,9( 11),22-trien-3β-ol( 1),( 22 E)-5α,8α-epidioxyergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol( 2),cerevisterol( 3),ergosta-7-ene-3β,5α,6β-triol( 4),( 22 E)-6β-methoxyergosta-7,22-diene-3β,5α-diol( 5),ergosta-7-en-3β-ol( 6),4-hydroxy-methylincisterol( 7),2-pyrrolidone( 8),nicotinamide( 9),1-( 3-indolyl)-3-dihydroxypropan-1-one( 10),yangambin( 11),linoleic acid( 12),( 9 Z,12 Z,15 Z)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl octadeca-trienoate( 13),( 9 Z,12 Z)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl-octadeca-dienoate( 14),crypticin B( 15)and 3-phenyllactic acid( 16). All compounds were isolated from T. sanguinea for the first time. Except for compounds 6,9 and 12,the remained compounds were isolated from the genus Tremella for the first time.

Research progress on lanostane-type triterpenoids in fungi of Polyporaceae and their pharmacological activities / 中草药

Lanostane-type triterpenoid is a kind of tetracyclic triterpene compound, which belongs to secondary metabolics in fungi of Polyporaceae with abundant content. In the paper, combined with the domestic and foreign literature, the pharmacological activities on the 161 kinds of lanostane-type triterpenoids isolated from more than 20 species of Polyporaceae fungi are summarized. The compounds are divided into A, B, C, D, and E five kinds of main skeleton configurations. Their pharmacological activity researches are mainly concentrated in antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and so on. The paper provides reference value for rational use and development of the medicinal resources of the fungi of Polyporaceae and their lanostane-type triterpenoids.

Antitumor activity and structure-activity relationship of seven lanostane-type triterpenes from Fomitopsis pinicola and F. officinalis / 中国中药杂志

Seven lanostane-type triterpenes including fomitopsin C(1),3-keto-dehydrosulfurenic acid(2),dehydroeburiconic acid(3),3-acetyloxylanosta-8, 24-dien-21-oic acid(4),pinicolic acid A(5),trametenolic acid B(6),and eburicoic acid(7),were isolated from the fruitbodies of Fomitopsis pinicola and F. officinalis. In vitro assay, all compounds were evaluated against MCF-7, HeLa, HepG2 and A549 cells lines using the MTT assay and the structure-activity relationship of antitumor activity was discussed. The results showed that the seven compounds were more sensitive to MCF-7 cells.The IC₅₀ value for MCF-7 was 2<5<4<1<3<6<7. H22 tumor mouse model was used to assay compounds 2, 3, 4 and 5 in vivo. Compounds 2 and 4 had obvious effect and the necrosis area and measurement were positively correlated. The results showed that compounds 2, 4 and 5 had significant antitumor activities at a dose of 20 mg•L⁻¹ with 65.31%, 56.71%, 58.72% suppression, respectively, approaching to CTX group with 69.19% suppression in subcutaneous H22-implanted mice.The results showed that these compounds had significant against the expression of VEGF, cytokines IL-4 and IFN-γ tumor, additionally, the structure-activity relationship of lanostane-type triterpenes indicated that the acetoxyl or carbonyl at C-3 and hydroxy at C-15 can enhance the antitumor activity.

Chemical constituents from Lyophyllum decastes / 中国中药杂志

The chemical constituents from the fruiting bodies of Lyophyllum decastes (Fr.) Singer were studied in this paper. Thirteen compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatographies on silica gel and Sephadex LH-20. Their structures were identified by MS and NMR data analysis as adenosine (1), 2R, 3S, 4S, 8E)-2-[(2'R)-2-hydroxyheneicosanoylamino]-8-octadecene-1, 3, 4-triol (2), (2R, 3S, 4S, 8E)-2-[(2'R)-2-hydroxypentacosanoylamino]-8-octadecene-1, 3, 4-triol (3), nicotinic acid (4), (4E, 8E) -2-N-2-hydroxytetracosanoyl-1-O-beta-D-glycopyranosyl-9-methyl-4, 8-sphingadienine (5), D-mannitol (6), ergosteryl-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (7), tuberoside (8), (2R, 3S, 4S, 8E)-2-[(2'R)-2-hydroxybehenoylamino]-8-octadecene-1, 3, 4-triol (9),(2R, 3S, 4S, 8E)-2-[(2'R) -2-hydroxytricosanoylamino] -8-octadecene-1, 3, 4-triol (10), (22E, 24R)-ergosta-7, 22-dien-3beta, 5alpha, 6beta-triol (11), (22E, 24R)-ergosta-5, 7, 22-trien-3beta-ol (12), and 5alpha, 8alpha-epidiory-(22E, 24R)-ergosta-6, 22-dien-3beta-ol (13), respectively. All the above compounds are first obtained from the mushroom and compounds 2-10 are reported to be obtained from the Lyophyllum for the first time.

Advance in studies on chemical constituents and pharmacological activity of lichens in Usnea genus / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To summarize the studies on chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of lichens of Usnea genus.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>A systematic literature survey was conducted to classifiy and summarize chemical constituents of lichens of Usnea genus, and sum up current studies on main pharmacological activities of lichens of the genus.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Lichens of Usnea genus contained multiple chemical constituents, primarily including mono-substituted phenyl rings, depsides, anthraquinones, dibenzofurans, steroids, terpenes, fatty acids and polysaccharides, with such biological activities as antitumor, antibacterial, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation and antithrombosis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This essay provides reference for further studies and development of lichens of Usnea genus.</p>

Chemical constituents from Usnea longgisima, a traditional mongolian medicine / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the chemical constituents of the whole lichen of Usnea longissima.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The compounds were separated by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The structures of the compounds isolated were identified by physico-chemical properties and spectral analysis.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Ten compounds were isolated and their structures were identified as (4aR,9bS)-2,6-diactyl-3,4a,7,9-tetrahydroxy-8,9b-dimethyl-1-oxo-1,4,4a, 9b-tetrahydrodibenzo [b,d]furan (1), (+)-usnic acid (2), orcinol (3), 18R-hydroxydihydroalloprotolichensterinic acid (4), 5, 8-epidioxy-5alpha, 8alpha-ergosta-6, 22E-dien-3beta-ol (5), ethyl everninate (6), arabitol(7), apigenin 7-O-beta-D-glucuronide (8), 3-hydroxy-5-methoxy-2-methylbenzoic acid(9), friedelin(10).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compound 1 was a new compound. Compound 8 was isolated from genu Usnea for the first time and compounds 3, 4 and 7 were isolated from U. longissima for the first time.</p>