Risk factors of recurrence and canceration for premalignant vocal fold lesions after surgery / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective:To analyze the risk factors of recurrence and canceration for premalignant vocal fold lesions after surgery, and to provide a reasonable basis for preoperative evaluation and postoperative follow-up. Methods:This study retrospective analyzed the relationship between clinicopathological factors and clinical outcome（recurrence, canceration, recurrence-free survival, and canceration-free survival） in 148 patients undergoing surgical treatment in Chongqing General Hospital from 2014 to 2017. Results:The five-year overall recurrence rate was 14.86% and the overall recurrence rate was 8.78%. Univariate analysis showed that smoking index, laryngopharyngeal reflux and lesion range were significantly associated with recurrence（P<0.05）, and smoking index and lesion range were significantly associated with canceration（P<0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that smoking index ≥600 and laryngopharyngeal reflux were independent risk factors for recurrence（P<0.05）, and smoking index ≥600 and lesion range ≥1/2 vocal cord were independent risk factors for canceration（P<0.05）. The mean carcinogenesis interval for the postoperative smoking cessation group was significantly longer（P<0.05）. Conclusion:Excessive smoking, laryngopharyngeal reflux and a wide range of lesions may be related to postoperative recurrence or malignant progression of precancerous lesions in the vocal cord, and further large-scale multi-center prospective randomized controlled studies are needed to clarify the effects of the above factors on recurrence and malignant changes in the future.

Effects of chronic intermittent hypoxia on glucose transporter 4 expression in rat skeletal muscles / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced inflammatory cytokines and reoxygenation on glucose transporter 4 (GLUT-4) expression in rat skeletal muscles.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to blank control group, chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) group, and reoxygenation group. At the end of the experiment, fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting blood insulin (FINS) and serum inflammatory cytokine levels were measured with glucose oxidase-peroxidase, insulin radioimmunoassay and ELISA, respectively. Homeostasis model assessment (IRI) was used to evaluate insulin resistance in the rats, and GLUT-4 protein expression in the skeletal muscles was measured with Western blotting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the blank control group, CIH resulted in significantly increased fasting blood glucose, blood insulin levels and insulin resistance index (IRI) (P<0.05); fasting blood glucose was significantly elevated in reoxygenation group (P<0.05). Inflammatory cytokines levels (IL-6 and TNF-α) were significantly higher in CIH group than in the blank control and reoxygenation groups (P<0.05), and were higher in reoxygenation group than in the blank control group. GLUT-4 expression in the skeletal muscles was significantly reduced after CIH (P<0.05) but increased after subsequent reoxygenation (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CIH can cause increased release of inflammatory cytokines to lower GLUT-4 protein expression in the skeletal muscles, which contributes to insulin resistance in adult rats.</p>

The effect of oxidative stress on aorta endothelial cell in chronic intermittent hypoxia animal model / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To make a chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) animal model and explore the relationships of oxidative stress and the injury of aorta endothelial cell on the CIH rat model.@*METHOD@#Twenty-four sex maturation rat were randomly Divided into unhandled control group(normal feeding for 4 weeks, UC group), CIH group (CIH for 4 weeks), reoxygenation group (normal feeding for 4 weeks after CIH for 4 weeks, RH group). Determined the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) in blood serum of all groups. Dislodged rat's aorta, observed the appearance of aorta endothelial cell and the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS).@*RESULT@#Compared with UC group, in CIH group the activities of SOD and NO were significantly lower, but MDA significantly higher (all of P 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Oxidative stress played a role in the injury of aorta endothelial cell on ob chronic intermittent hypoxia rat modle.