RESUMEN
In Isfahan, the second metropolitan in Iran, there are 1448 dentistry treatment centers that most of them are inefficient. Today, efficiency is the most important issue in health care centers as well as dentistry clinics. The goal of this research is to investigate the affordability and efficiency of dentistry clinics in Isfahan province, Iran. The current work is a quantitative research, designed in two methodological steps, including a survey and experimental studies, for understanding current deficiencies of Iranian dentistry clinics. First, we ran a survey. Then, we analyzed the results of the questionnaires which guided us to find a particular intervening package to improve the efficiency of the clinics. At the second step, we chose an inefficient clinic named Mohtasham [Iran, Isfahan] to evaluate our intervening package. Based on what the interviewees answered, we mention the most important issues to be considered for improving the efficiency of dental clinics in Isfahan. By considering mentioned problematic issues, an intervening package was designed. This intervening package was applied in Mohtasham clinic, since June 2010. It improved the clinic's income from 16328 US$ with 4125 clients in 2010, to 420,000 US$ with 14784 patients in 2012. The proposed intervening package changed this clinic to an efficient and economic one. Its income increased 5.08 times and its patient's numbers grew 4.01 times simultaneously. In other words, Mohtasham's experience demonstrates the reliability of the package and its potentiality to be applied in macro level to improve other dentistry clinics
RESUMEN
This study aimed to investigate the impact of internet addiction on some psychiatric symptoms among university students. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 250 students selected via quota sampling from universities in Isfahan, Iran. Participants completed demographic questionnaire, Young Diagnostic Questionnaire, Internet Addiction Test and Symptom Checklist 90 Revision [SCL 90 R]. Finally, the means of psychiatric symptoms of internet addicted and non addicted subjects were compared. Also, t test and multivariate analysis of covariance were used through SPSS16 software for data analysis. The mean +/- standard deviation [SD] of psychiatric symptoms such as somatization, obsessive-compulsive disorder, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, aggression [hostility], phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation and psychoticism in the addicted group were 11.27 +/- 6.66, 14.05 +/- 7.91, 10.5 +/- 6.20, 15.61 +/- 8.88, 10.77 +/- 5.52, 6.77 +/- 4.88, 6.05 +/- 4.47, 7.61 +/- 4.28, and 9.66 +/- 6.87, respectively, and in the non addicted group were 6.99 +/- 6.42, 7.49 +/- 5.23, 5.46 +/- 4.95, 9.27 +/- 7.92, 6.35 +/- 6.69, 3.57 +/- 3.35, 2.41 +/- 2.79, 5.47 +/- 4.1, and 5.29 +/- 4.95, respectively. There were significant differences between the means of psychiatric symptoms in all SCL 90 R subscales and Global Severity Index, Positive Symptom Distress Index, Positive Symptom Total in the addicted and non addicted individuals [P<0.05]. Also, internet addiction [with controlling sex variable] seemed to affect psychiatric symptoms. Psychiatrists and psychologists involved in the field of mental health need to be well informed about mental problems due to internet addiction, such as anxiety, depression, aggression, and job and educational dissatisfaction
RESUMEN
Behavioral science experts believe that all entities capable of stimulating a person can be addictive; and whenever a habit changes into an obligation, it can be considered as an addiction. Researchers also believe that there are a number of similarities as well as some differences between drug addiction and behavioral addiction diagnostic symptoms. The purpose of this study is to consider different approaches in this field. This is a descriptive research using content analysis method. First, differences and similarities of various perspectives on addiction and addiction behavior in different substances were obtained, thereafter, the data was coded and categorized, subjects were discussed and major issues were extracted. Behavioral addiction such as internet addiction is similar to drug addiction except that in the former, the individual is not addicted to a substance but the behavior or the feeling brought about by the relevant action. In addition, the physical signs of drug addiction, are absent in behavioral addiction. Others have stated that behaviorally addicted individuals have certain symptoms and will undergo the same consequences brought about by addiction to alcohol and drugs as well as other obsessive behaviors. Similar to substance abuse prevention, programs aimed at addicted individuals and specialized training can educate adolescents about the warning signs of online addiction, in order to assist the early detection of this disorder. For prevention of behavioral addiction [such as internet addiction] authorities, cultural institutions and parents should monitor the use of internet and teach to the adolescent and children, the useful and appropriate methods of internet use