Aggression in adolescents as a function of parent-child relationship

The present study primarily focused on the nature of perceived parent-child relationship quality as determinant of aggression in adolescents. The test sample included 512 boy and girl students of secondary and higher secondary level falling within the age range of 14-18 years. The nature of perceived parent-child relationship was examined as constituting two categories i] loving, object reward, protecting, symbolic reward; and ii] demanding, indifferent, neglecting, object punishment, rejecting, and symbolic punishment. Pearson correlation revealed a negative correlation between perceived quality of parent-child relationship and level of aggression in adolescents. Multiple regression analysis showed symbolic punishment aspect of parent-child interaction to be the strongest predictor of aggression

Development of an indigenous scale for emotional intelligence based on goleman's model: a perspective of Pakistani clinical psychologists

The present study aimed to develop an indigenous scale of emotional intelligence while following the theoretical rationale of Goleman's model [1995], which consists of five main domains: Self Awareness; Self Regulation; Motivation; Empathy and Social Skills with 19 sub-domains. To develop an item pool for the scale, the qualified clinical psychologists of Pakistan [N=220] were requested to formulate questions on different sub domains of Goleman's model. It was done through a mailed survey, 38% responses were received from the sample. The researcher listed all the elicited opinions and classified items in each scale separately, which was later scrutinized by the research team, which included the researcher, supervisor and the co supervisor. Duplications were deleted and some of them were modified according to their relevance to the respective domain. Furthermore, from a pool of 925 items which was received, a total of 321 items were finally scrutinized and classified in different sub domains of each scale. The title of each sub-domain was also given by the research team after critically examining the domain and it's contents. For construct validity of the scale, the already selected 321 items were sent to a panel of '8' experts who had the practical experience of a minimum of 15 years in mental health profession, which included clinical psychologists who consented to participate as judges. They were asked to rate each item on a 1 to 5 point scale for it's relevance and suitability in each of the sub domains given by Goleman. The items which obtained a mean value of '3' were retained in the final scale

temperamental patterning of middle born children as a function of authoritarianism of fathers

The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of authoritarianism of fathers on the Temperament patterning of their children. The population was confined to only middle born children in families having not more than three alive children. The final sample included a total of 80 subjects consisting of 30 children of "authoritarian" and 50 of "non-authoritarian" fathers. The selection was made on the basis of information gathered through a questionnaire. The Thorndike Dimensions of Temperament [TDOT] was used to obtain the Temperament Profiles of authoritarian and non-authoritarian groups. Means were computed and t-test was applied to check the significance of difference between Temperament Patterning of middle born children of "authoritarian" and "non-authoritarian" Fathers. Out of ten dimensions of temperament, three i.e. "Sociability", "Acceptance" and "Responsibility" were of found to be directly related with authoritarianism of fathers, whereas the remaining seven dimensions did not show any significant relationship with authoritarianism of fathers

Effect of immediate vs delayed knowledge of results on subsequent performance in verbal learning

The aim of the present research was to study the effect of immediate vs. delayed knowledge of results on subsequent performance in verbal learning. A homogenous sample of 26 male and 26 female students was selected on the basis of their performance on Otis Quick Scoring Mental Ability Test, with their IQs ranging between 90-100. The test material consisted of a series of simple four digit mathematical [addition] problems used under two treatment conditions, i.e., "Immediate" and "Delayed" knowledge of results. T test was applied to test the significance of difference between the means of two groups. Hypothesis was duly supported, i.e., immediate knowledge of results tended to favour the subsequent performance of all subjects, with no significant difference between the performance of males and females taken separately

Family size and temperament

Often questioned issue, the relationship between temperament and family size was the main objective of the present study. The thorndike dimensions of temperament was administered to a proportional stratified random sample of 49 M.A/M.Sc. students of the Punjab university, Lahore. the use of X2 [P<01] indicated a significant relationship between family size and placidity whereas, no such relationship was found on other scales, eg' Soc, Asc, Che, Acc, T.M. Ref. Imp, Act and Res