RESUMEN
Hymenolepiasis is a helminthic and occasionally fatal disease of human imposing heavy economic losses to human society. Present study was aimed to diagnose the school children for the prevalence and control of Hymenolepiasis. A school based cross-sectional analysis of stool samples collected from 188 children aged 06-15 years was carried out [February to June 2016]. Two stool samples were collected from each student before diagnosing and after treatment. The samples were fixed in 10% formalin and observed under the light microscope using the methods of direct smear in Lugol's solution, normal saline and flotation techniques. On the basis of drugs accessibility all the H. nana infected children were divided in to 2- groups. Children in group A were treated with albendazole [bendazol] 400mg once orally, group B was treated with albendazole [zentel] 200mg orally. Eggs per gram of faeces were counted in each group before and after treatment. Of the 188 children, current study reveals only 6.08% [n=18/296] infection with H.nana and 10.5% [n=16/151] were diagnosed with co infections. The % efficacy of albendazole [Zentel] and albendazole [bendazol] against Hymenolepis nana infection was reported as 83% and 75% respectively. Present study was concluded that albendazole [zentel] is the drug of choice for the treatment of hymenolepiasis in children
RESUMEN
The present study investigates the nutritive and anti-nutritive composition of six species [Allium porrum, Amaranthus spinosis, Apium graveolens, Caralluma edulis, Chenopodium album, Urtica dioica]. The studied species contained considerable amount of crude protein [4.53-11.41%], crude fat [1.25-3.74%], vitamin C [7.85-28.09mg 100[-1]g] and beta-Carotene [18.29-169.33mg 100]-1]g]. The mineral profile of Chenopodium album is considered as potential source of Zn [14.51 +/- 1.14mg 100[-1]g], Mn [67.71 +/- 0.85mg 100[-1]g], Se [8.45 +/- 0.49mg 100[-1]g] and Fe [182.08 +/- 1.52mg 100[-1]g] and Caralluma edulis as potential source of Fe [7.28 +/- 0.03mg 100[-1]g]. Ca and P content ranged 63-306mg 100[-1] g and 12-392mg 100[-1] g in all studied plants with exceptionally high level was found in Chenopodium album [1084mg 100[-1]g] and [3924mg 100[-1]g], respectively. Similarly, total phenol, tannin and phytic acid were found in the range of 105-354, 5-90 and 10-85mg 100[-1]g, respectively. Total oxalates and soluble oxalates contents were below 200mg 100[-1]g in five examined plants with the exception of Chenopodium album [413mg 100[-1]g]. Antioxidant activity of Caralluma edulis was found maximum while the rest of the examined plants had moderate levels
RESUMEN
The present studies cover antibacterial activity of the crude methanolic extracts of 11 medicinal plants viz. Adhatoda vasica, Bauhenia variegate, Bombax ceiba, Carrisa opaca, Caryopteris grata, Debregeasia salicifolia, Lantana camara, Melia azedarach, Phyllanthus emblica, Pinus roxburghii and Olea ferruginea collected from lower Himalayas against two Gram positive [Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus] and two Gram negative [Escherichiacoli, Pseudomonas aureginosa] bacterial strains. The extracts were applied at four different concentrations [120 mg/mL, 90mg/mL, 60mg/mL and 30mg/mL] in dimethyl sulfoxide [DMSO] by using agar well diffusion method. Antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus luteus were observed formethanolic extracts of all the above mentioned plants. Greater antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was only exhibited by Phyllanthus emblica, Pinus roxburghii, Debregeasia salicifolia and Lantana camara. Escherichia coli was highly resistant to all the plant extracts at all concentrations. It is inferred that methanolic crude extracts of the above mentioned plantsexhibitantibacterial activities against pathogenic bacteria, which proved the ethnobotanical importance of the selected plants that indigenous people use for cure against various diseases