Effects of aminoguanidine in different dosages on renal function in endotoxin induced rabbits shock model / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To explore the effects of aminoguanidine (AG) in different dosages on renal function in endotoxin induced rabbits shock model in the early stage and to approve the effects of dose-depended and time-depended of AG.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fourty New Zealand rabbits under anaesthesia were randomly divided into 5 groups: sham group, LPS group, the first group of AG, the second group of AG, the third group of AG. Each rabbits from the four groups received Escherichia Coli O55B5 LPS 400 micro g/kg to induce endotoxic shock except sham group. Edotoxic shock was diagnosed when the mean arterial pressure (MAP) decreased to 30%. Each rabbits in sham group and LPS group received 5ml NS, in the other three groups were infused with AG 30 mg/kg (the first group of AG), 50 mg/kg (the second group of AG), 100 mg/kg (the third group of AG) in 5ml NS, respectively. Urine output was recorded at the following time points, before injecting IPS (T(0)), shock (T), 1 h (T(1)), 2 h (T(2)), 3 h (T(3)), 4 h (T(4)), 5 h (T(5)) and 6 h (T(6)) after shock. Plasma nitrate and nitrite (NO(3)(-)/NO(2)(-), stable products of NO), BUN, Scr, RBP were determined at the time points of T, T(2), T(4) and T(6).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>LPS increased NO(3)(-)/NO(2)(-), BUN, Scr, RBP [from (47 +/- 5) micro mol/L, (5.8 +/- 1.5) mmol/L, (41 +/- 10) micro mol/L, (240 +/- 61) ng/L (T(0)) to (160 +/- 18) micro mol/L, (15.5 +/- 1.8) mmol/L, (166 +/- 23) micro mol/L, (1580 +/- 180) ng/L (T(6)), respectively, P < 0.01]; Urine output decreased significantly [from (17.6 +/- 2.8) ml (T(0)) to (1.3 +/- 0.6) ml (T(6)), P < 0.01]. AG attenuates the increasing of NO(3)(-)/NO(2)(-), BUN, Scr and RBP, and decreasing of urine output. NO(3)(-)/NO(2)(-) of the first, second and third group of AG at T(6) were (58 +/- 8), (50 +/- 14) and (46 +/- 9) micro mol/L, respectively. Compared to LPS group, there was a significant difference (P < 0.01). BUN was (8.2 +/- 2.9), (7.5 +/- 1.9) and (5.5 +/- 1.8) mmol/L, respectively at T(6). Compared to LPS group, there was a significant deference (P < 0.01). RBP was (350 +/- 60), (272 +/- 72) and (248 +/- 103) ng/L, respectively at T(6) (compared to LPS group, there was a significant deference. P < 0.05, < 0.05, < 0.01). Urine output was (11. 1 +/- 2.4), (12. 1 +/- 1. 3) and (17.1 +/- 2. 4) ml, respectively on T(6) (compared to LPS group, there was a significant deference, P < 0.01). AG of 100 mg/kg showed the best effect among three AG groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>AG inhibited NO formation in dose-depended and time depended way. AG attenuated the changes of renal function induced by NO.</p>

Effect of dexamethasone, aminoguanidin, amrinone on oxygen utilization in endotoxin shock rabbits / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of three kinds of drug with different mechanism, dexamethasone (Dex), aminoguanidin (AG) and amrinone (Amr) on oxygen utilization in endotoxic shock rabbits.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-five rabbits were randomly allocated into five groups: operation, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), Dex, Amr and AG. The endotoxin shock was induced by intravenously injecting LPS (400 micro g/kg). The arterial blood gas, mixed venous blood gas and cardiac output were recorded at 30 min after the operation (T(0)), shock status (T), 1 - 6 h after the treatment (T(1)-T(6)). The oxygen delivery (DO(2)), oxygen consumption (VO(2)) and extraction ratio of oxygen (ERO(2)) were calculated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the parameters in five groups showed no significant differences (P > 0.05) at T(0). Six hours after treatment, rabbits in Dex group presented with significantly improved DO(2) (12.4 +/- 3.1) ml/(kg.min), P < 0.01 and VO(2) (5.1 +/- 1.6) ml/(kg.min), P < 0.05 compared with DO(2) (8.1 +/- 2.4) ml/(kg.min) and VO(2) (2.7 +/- 1.0) ml/(kg.min) in LPS group. Rabbits in AG group showed significantly increased DO(2) (17.0 +/- 2.8) ml/(kg.min) (P < 0.01), (17.2 +/- 2.5) ml/(kg.min) (P < 0.05), compared with (12.2 +/- 2.6), (14.1 +/- 3.8) ml/(kg.min) in LPS group at T(1) and T(2), respectively, but there was no significant difference (11.2 +/- 1.7) ml/(kg.min) (P > 0.05) at T(6). The VO(2) increased significantly, (5.0 +/- 1.0) ml/(kg.min) (P < 0.01) compared with LPS group at T(6). The VO(2) of Amr group was significantly higher than LPS group at T(3) and T(4). At T(6), the DO(2) and VO(2) were (9.5 +/- 1.3) and (4.1 +/- 1.5) ml/(kg.min), respectively, but there was no significant difference compared with LPS group. There was no significant difference in ERO(2) among groups (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The dexamethasone, aminoguanidin, amrinone can improve oxygen utilization in endotoxic shock rabbits, especially for dexamethasone and aminoguanidin.</p>