RESUMEN
The milks expressed from the mothers' breast might be infected during squeeze, storage and/or transmission. The infection level has been reported as different in various studies up to 97 percent. The main purpose of this study is to determine the infection level and its relevant organisms as well as to specify drug allergy of the expressed milks from the mothers with their infant admitted to NICU ward. In this study, among the expressed milks from 80 mothers, were cultured each in an amount of 0.5-1cc and antibiotic discs selected for every strain was placed. The results indicate that 85 percent of samples were infected and dominant microorganisms were firstly Klebsiella [13.7%] and then S. epidermidis [12.5%]. In addition, 95% of Gram negative bacteria strains were susceptible to imipenem. The most effective antibiotic on isolated staphylococci was ceftizoxime [46.6% resistance]. The colony count in 32.4% gram negative bacteria and in 66.7% gram positive bacteria was between 10[4] to 10[5]CFU/ml and the remaining was above 10[5]CFU/ml [p=0.02]. Furthermore, there was no significant relationship between bacterial infection of the expressed milks with the site of milk expressing [house or hospital], mode of expressing[by pump or hand], storage duration and the mother's demographic characteristics including age and/or literacy. The studies show that infection prevalence in the milk samples was 85%; the most common infection factor was Klebsiella and then S. epidermidis that is indicative of high prevalence of hospital infection [nosocomial infection] in the infants ward
RESUMEN
Introduction: Professors have important responsibilities in education and training of students, among them advising students for overcoming some preventable problems leading to educational failure is of a great importance. This study was performed with the purpose of surveying the viewpoints of students in Yazd University of Medical Sciences on the process of selecting supervisor professors and the scope of advisers' duties and assigning supervised students
Methods: This descriptive study was performed on 385 students in Yazd University of Medical Sciences selected by random stratified sampling. Data were collected through a questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS software. Statistical significant level was considered as p<0.05
Results: The most important item in selecting the adviser for each student was having common academic field [40.3%]. In assigning students for each adviser smaller number of students was mentioned as the most important item [53%]. Most of the subjects [48.8%] agreed with selection of adviser by head of faculty and selection of supervised students by the adviser him/herself. Attention to the academic statue of students and solving educational problems of students were major duties of advisers according to the majority of students [96.4%]
Conclusion: According to the results, it is suggested that advisers be selected by head of faculties and attention to having common field of study with the supervised student, the adviser's own opinion and assigning smaller number of students for each adviser is highly necessary?