RESUMEN
Sincemelatoninhas been effectiveinsomestudiesto improveliver failureandyetits effectinreducingliver toxicityofamphotericin Bwas not evaluated,in the present studythe effects ofmelatoninandvitaminE were compared inreducingliver toxicitycaused byamphotericin Binrabbits. The study was performed on five groups of rabbits; one control group, and 4 amphotericin [1 mg/kg] receiving groups [2 to 5], group 3 received melatonin [1 mg/kg], group 4 received vitamin E [80 mg/kg], and group 5 received melatonin together with vitamin E. Alterations in enzyme activity of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase in serum and liver tissue were evaluated. Results showed that administration of amphotericin had significantly increased the activity level of liver function related enzymes. But consumption of vitamin E and melatonin prevented this increase, while the combination of vitamin E and melatonin had a more significant effect on lactate dehydrogenase. Also compared with the control group, liver tissue damage and cellular damage were significant after amphotericin consumption and these changes were decreased by melatonin and vitamin E. Melatonin and vitamin E may prevent liver damage caused by amphotericin through their antioxidant properties
RESUMEN
Albendazole is utilized as an anthelmentic agent. One its side effect is teratogenicity. This effect apparently is related to its metabolites especially albendazole sulfoxid. The aim of present study was evaluation effect of erythromycin [as enzyme inhibitor in biotransformation] on albendazole biotransformation and consequently fetal malformation. Four groups of female pregnant wistar rats [8 rats each group] were used. First group received normal saline [as control group]. A single oral dose 30 mg/kg of albendazole was administered to rats on day 10 of gestation in group 2. Rats in group 3 received albendazole similar group 2 and erythromycin at dose 60 mg/kg. Rats in group 4 received only erythromycin on day 10 of gestation. The rats were euthanatized on day 20 of gestation. The skeletal malformation of fetus was studied by stereomicroscope after staining by Alizarin red-Alcian blue. The length and weight of fetuses were significantly decreased by albendazole but erythromycin did not prevent this effect. In group that received only erythromycin, the length and weight of fetuses was similar to control group. Erythromycin decreased albendazole effect on weight of placenta. There was an increase in resorption by erythromycin when co-administrated with albendazole. The incidence of skeletal malformations [mostly of the limbs, vertebrae and palate] decreased significantly by erythromycin when co-administrated with albendazole. Thus, erythromycin may inhibit albendazole biotransformation and decrease teratogenicity of it metabolites; but this subject needs more detailed evaluation
RESUMEN
Hyperactivity of testosterone is one cause of infertility and its incorrect use can produces reproductive disorders. Nettle [Urtica dioica] has antiandrogenic effect and may antagonized effect of testosterone. In present study structure of testes of golden hamster was evaluated after testosterone and extract. In this experimental and animal modeling study, twenty male mature hamsters were divided to 4 groups, group 1 was control, group 2 received testosterone at dose 3 mg/kg subcutaneously, group 3 received nettle extract dose 30 mg/kg orally and group 4 received testosterone and nettle for 30 days daily. The hamsters were euthanized and testes were removed and detected macroscopic parameters [weight, height, wide and volume] and fixed with formalin. The samples were sectioned and colored with H and E. The volume, weight, length and wide of testes was at least in testosterone group and statistically was lesser than control and testosterone -nettle group [p<0.05], but did not the height epithelium of seminifer tubules, compact of spermatogenic cells and number of serotolli cells in testosterone group was lesser than control group significantly [p<0.05]. The nettle extract decreased histological changes of testes by testosterone and improved its structure