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Objective@#To assess whether computed tomography (CT) conversion across different scan parameters and manufacturers using a routable generative adversarial network (RouteGAN) can improve the accuracy and variability in quantifying interstitial lung disease (ILD) using a deep learning-based automated software. @*Materials and Methods@#This study included patients with ILD who underwent thin-section CT. Unmatched CT images obtained using scanners from four manufacturers (vendors A-D), standard- or low-radiation doses, and sharp or medium kernels were classified into groups 1–7 according to acquisition conditions. CT images in groups 2–7 were converted into the target CT sty le (Group 1: vendor A, standard dose, and sharp kernel) using a RouteGAN. ILD was quantified on original and converted CT images using a deep learning-based software (Aview, Coreline Soft). The accuracy of quantification was analyzed using the dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and pixel-wise overlap accuracy metrics against manual quantification by a radiologist. Five radiologists evaluated quantification accuracy using a 10-point visual scoring system. @*Results@#Three hundred and fifty CT slices from 150 patients (mean age: 67.6 ± 10.7 years; 56 females) were included. The overlap accuracies for quantifying total abnormalities in groups 2–7 improved after CT conversion (original vs. converted: 0.63vs. 0.68 for DSC, 0.66 vs. 0.70 for pixel-wise recall, and 0.68 vs. 0.73 for pixel-wise precision; P < 0.002 for all). The DSCs of fibrosis score, honeycombing, and reticulation significantly increased after CT conversion (0.32 vs. 0.64, 0.19 vs. 0.47, and 0.23 vs. 0.54, P < 0.002 for all), whereas those of ground-glass opacity, consolidation, and emphysema did not change significantly or decreased slightly. The radiologists’ scores were significantly higher (P < 0.001) and less variable on converted CT. @*Conclusion@#CT conversion using a RouteGAN can improve the accuracy and variability of CT images obtained using different scan parameters and manufacturers in deep learning-based quantification of ILD.
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Parathyroid carcinoma is very rare malignant neoplasm, accounting for less than 0.005% of all cancers. Most parathyroid carcinoma is a functioning tumor that causes hyperparathyroidism, leading to hypercalcemia. We report a parathyroid carcinoma case that was suspicious for spontaneous infarction of cancer, leading to resolution of hypercalcemia. A 29-year-old male visited our hospital presenting with right neck swelling and pain. He has been experiencing frequent urolithiasis for four years but laboratory tests showed normal serum calcium level. Right vocal cord paresis was identified with laryngoscopy. Ultrasonography revealed a 3.7 × 3.5 cm mass in the right thyroid containing a focal cystic portion. Computed tomography confirmed the presence of a low-density right thyroid mass. Right thyroid lobectomy was performed and pathological evaluation revealed parathyroid carcinoma with central necrosis. We report this very rare case with a literature review.
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Although recent lipid-lowering therapies are effective in reducing low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, many patients treated with lipid-lowering agents do not achieve target LDL-C levels, especially in very high risk patients. The aim of this study is to compare the effect of ezetimibe/simvastatin 10/20 mg and atorvastatin 20 mg on achieving a target LDL-C goal in very high risk patients. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A total of 74 patients with very high risk were enrolled in the study. Very high risk patients were defined as patients that displayed established cardiovascular disease with multiple major risk factors, poorly controlled risk factors, multiple risk factors of the metabolic syndrome and acute coronary syndromes. Patients were randomized into two groups: ezetimibe/simvastatin 10/20 mg (n=36) and atorvastatin 20 mg (n=38). Follow-up lipid profile was obtained 6 weeks later. A target goal of LDL-C was defined as less than 70 mg/dL at follow-up. RESULTS: Baseline clinical and laboratory data were similar between the two groups. Achieving a target LDL-C goal was observed in 41.7% of Group 1 and 44.7% of Group 2 at 6 weeks (p=0.82). Changes in other lipid profiles were not significantly different but the tolerability of the two groups was similar. CONCLUSION: Ezetimibe/simvastatin 10/20 mg and atorvastatin 20 mg showed similar effects in achieving target LDL-C levels in patients with very high risk.
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Humanos , Síndrome Coronario Agudo , Azetidinas , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares , Estudios de Seguimiento , Ácidos Heptanoicos , Pirroles , Factores de Riesgo , Simvastatina , Atorvastatina , EzetimibaRESUMEN
No abstract available.
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Levodopa , Síndrome Neuroléptico Maligno , Enfermedad de ParkinsonRESUMEN
A 39-year-old woman with aplastic anemia suffered from progressive visual disturbance and headache. Funduscopic examination revealed pronounced bilateral papilledema. Lumbar puncture disclosed an elevated opening CSF pressure with normal biochemical and cellular findings. Brain MRI was normal. After transfusion of blood products, papilledema and her symptoms were improved. We conclude that the development of pseudotumor cerebri is related to aplastic anemia resulting from bone marrow failure.