RESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To set up a new process to access the preparation of decellularized artery grafts. And to evaluate the feasibility of decellularized artery allografts was evaluated.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This study compared the effects of four extraction chemicals [1% t-octyl-phenoxypolyethoxyethanol (Triton X-100), 1% tri (n-butyl) phosphate (TnBP), and 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and trypsin (0.125, 0.25%) on thoracic artery vascular for 24 h (except trypsin for 2 h). At the base of it, a four-step process, including hypotonic, hypertonic solutions and combining with 1% Triton X-100 and 1% SDS detergents, were performed in rabbit thoracic artery vascular. Histological examination, tensile tests and expanding-burst tests were done on the samples. The decellularized carotid artery allografts were transplanted in other rabbits.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Treatment with 1% SDS or 1% Triton X-100 for 24 h could remove most cells with retention of near normal structure. A four-step process could remove all cells with the extracellular matrix well conserved. The pulling mechanical properties and burst pressure of decellularized carotid artery were similar to the control. The decellularized carotid artery allografts (diameter of 2 mm) were patent at explanting up to 2 months.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The acellular artery vascular graft matrix is well prepared with four-step process including detergents, such as TritonX-100, SDS without compromising the graft structure or mechanical properties significantly. The carotid artery allografts (diameter of 2 mm) decellularized by the process are patent at explanting up to 2 months.</p>