Agreement between Parent and Teacher Reports in Clinical Setting : Comparing SDQ-Kr with K-CBCL

OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to examine agreement between parent and teacher ratings of the Korean version Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ-Kr) for the children's psychopathology and to determine whether it is effective in diagnostics as the Korean version of Childhood Behavior Checklist (K-CBCL). METHODS: SDQ-Kr and K-CBCL were completed by parents and teachers of 165 children aged 6-12 years. The clinical diagnosis was made by a child and adolescent psychiatrist who did not have knowledge of the outcome. Spearman's correlations were computed for associations between parents' and teachers' ratings on a subscale level. The Mann-Whitney U test was performed for the influence of child's age and sex on the results. Finally, AUC values were calculated for the diagnostic capacity and the difference between informants was tested using the z test. RESULTS: High correlations were observed between parents' and teachers' SDQ-Kr on every scale. Parents were more sensitive to emotional symptoms of girls, while teachers appeared to be more responsive to externalized symptoms of boys, inattention-hyperactivity of young children, and emotional symptoms of seniors. Parents' SDQ-Kr demonstrated the highest prediction of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. CONCLUSION: Teachers' SDQ-Kr can be used in identification of child psychopathology when parents are absent or when their reliability is considered low.

Anthropometric Analysis of the Attractive and Normal Faces in Korean Female

With rapid advancement in techniques of correcting multiple facial anomalies, surgical planning has become more sophisticated, and knowledge of the exact relationship between various areas of the head and face is now indispensible. The importance of capturing the face in proportions has been emphasized by many surgeons. The neoclassical canons are known to modern plastic surgeons, but their usage in surgical planning has been limited to the role of working guides. They are useful, however, in serving as standards. The authors measured 800 normal young Korean females, ranged from 19 to 26 in age, and 21 beauty contestants in Korea, ranged from 20 to 27 in age. Seven vertical and seven horizontal linear measurements were taken from each subject by one examiner. These measurements of normal face and attractive face are compared with each other, and followed by comparison with neoclassical canons. Attractive face of Korean female comprises shorter lower face, especially from stomion to menton, narrower bigonial distance, and longer midface than normal face. It also has wide palpebral fissure and narrow intercanthal distance. Korean female face comprises shorter and narrower lower face than neoclassical canons. We think that it is valuable to take into consideration of this modern concept of beauty when making a preoperative plan for facial plastic surgery.

The Evaluation of the Effect of Aminophylline Injection to Subcutaneous Fat Reduction

The obesity induce not only physical problem, but psychological and emotional problem. The focus of body contour procedures is the body's unequal distribution of fat. Aminophylline is a 2-adrenaline agonist, an adenosine inhibitor, and a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. It activates c-AMP, and facilitates lipolysis. Forty rats were used to study the effect of aminophylline subcutaneous injection, and divided in four groups, In the control group(n=10), saline was injected to subcutaneous fat of the abdomen. In the experimental group, aminophylline 50 mg/kg(n=10), 100 mg/kg(n=10) and 200 mg/kg(n=10) were injected. The injection was done daily for three weeks. The four groups were measured by weight, abdomen circumference, biochemistry, and histopathological test. There were no difference among the four groups. In conclusion, aminophylline subcutaneous injection is not effective in the reduction of regional and systemic fat.

A Comparison of Anterior Based with Posterior Based Tongue Flaps for the Closure of Palatal Fistulas

Small palatal fistulas following surgery for cleft palate can be corrected easily by local mucoperiosteal flap. But fistula repair is difficult if the fistula is large in hard palate. Tongue flaps are the most commonly used flaps for closure of difficult palatal fistulas. The authors treated 38 patients of large palatal fistulas using tongue flap. Among them, 33 patients were operated using posteriorly based tongue flap, and 5 patients were operated using anteriorly based tongue flap. In the former, all flaps were successfully survived and not necessary a fixation of tongue after flap transfer. But in the latter, tongue flap of a patient was detached because of high mobility, and tongue flap of a patient was necrotized because of poor blood supply. For closure of large palatal fistula, posteriorly based tongue flap is safer and more reliable technique than anteriorly based tongue flap considering mobility and blood supply.

Dual Plane Midface Lift Through Subperiosteal and Subcutaneous Dissection

The standard SMAS face lift and deep plane face lift don't adequately correct an aging midface, especially nasojugal groove and nasolabial fold. An endoscopic subperiosteal and subcutaneous midface lift reposition the midface tissue more superiorly and successfully rejuvanate the nasojugal groove and nasolabial fold, creating a more youthful appearance. This study is about endoscopic subperiosteal and subcutaneous midface lift which had been performed to 13 patients in our hospital from April 1999 to April 2001. The deep layer of the midface soft tissue is suspended by subperiosteal dissection and the superficial layer, including skin and malar fat pad, suspended by subcutaneous dissection. Both subperiosteal and subcutaneous planes are easy and safe dissection planes which prevent injury of the facial nerve branches. The endoscopic midface lift with subperiosteal and the subcutaneous dissections is an effective method to correct infraorbital hollowness, nasojugal groove and nasolabial fold.

A Subjectivity of Marital Relationship / 성인간호학회지

This study was undertaken to find out the perception of marital relationship and to understand the typology. The Q-population consisted of 153 statements that were collected and 33 Q-samples were selected. The P-samples for this study were made up of 30 who were married. Each responded to a Q-set of marital relationship according to 9-point scale. The results of Q-sorting were coded and analysed using QUANL PC program. Typological observations were as follows. 1) One in body and spirit type : In type 1, couples had different backgrounds respectively but felt one in body and spirit. 2) Companionship type : 2. Couples had not so much a hierarchial as a horizontal relationship. Couples perceived themselves as interdependent and friends. 3) Adaptation type : Couples readily adapted themselves to a marital relationship. They only depended on their spouses at times and stressed the relationship. Marriage was accepted as destiny rather than choice. On the basis of these results, we suggest: When a marriage is in trouble, that we assess the type of marital relationship in advance and intervene with a proper program. In addition, practical intervention programs need to be developed tailored to the type of subjective perception about the marital relation.

Blood Glucose Values in Healthy Premature Infants

No abstract available.

Effect of Phototherapy on Platelet Count in premature Infant

No abstract available.

Hyperglycemia in Stressed Premature Infants

No abstract available.

A Statistical Study of Feeding Trends

A statistical study was done on the feeding trends of 2,965 children who had visited both the out-patient clinic and the well-baby clinic of Padiatric Department, St. Benedict Hosp., from Sept., 1979 to Aud., 1980. 1) Among the total 2,965 children, the distribution according to age was about the same. The percentage of male and female was 58.5% respectively. As for geographical area of the cases, the majority were from Busan City Kyung Nam Province and the percentage was 96% and 3% respectively. 2) As for the methods of feeding, breast-feeding was 65%, artificial-feeding 18% and mixed-feeding 15%. 81% among the total cases had been on breast-feeding at one time or another. 3) As for feeding trends according to age, the younger the chile was, the more frequent the chance of artificial feeding. 4) Breast-feeding was less common in the children of premature delivery than children of full-term delivery. 5) Breast-feeding was less common among children with difficult delivery than children with easy delivery. 6) Breast-feeding was less common among children of hospital delivery than children of home delivery. 7) The higher the education level of the mother, the less common breast-feeding was. 8) Breast-feeding was less common among children from Busan City than children from Kyung Nam Province. 9) As for the beginning of feeding, in case of breast-feeding 56% were from 3rd day after bitrh and also in case of mixed-feeding 56% were from 3rd day after birth. 10) As for the duration of breas-feeding children with more than 12months of breast-feeding were most common(48%) and children with less than 6months of breast-feeding least common(8%). 11) The reasons for breast-feeding or mixed-feeding were not enough breast-milk 59%), mother's job 8%), baby's illness 8%), mother's illness 6%) and mother's breast problem 4%) by its frequency.

A Clinical Review of Miliary Tuberculosis in Children

A Clinical study was made of 88 pediatric patients with miliary tuberculosis, who were admitted to the Pediatric Department of Kwangju Christian Hospital during the period of January, 1971 through December, 1980. 1) The incidence of miliary tuberculosis in children was 0.6%(88 cases) of the total pediatric admission cases(13969), and 12.5% (88 cases) of the total pediatric tuberculous patiens(705). 2) The highest incidence was found in those under the age of 3 years, comprising 63.7%(56 cases) of all cases. The sex ratio of male to female was 1.5:1, which is not significant. 3) The most prevalent season was Spring, with 34.1% (30 cases). 4) The source of infection was found within their family in 36.3% (32cases). 5) Only 14.8% (13 cases) had received BCG innoculation. 6) Predisposing factors were found in 24.9% (21 cases) and these were measles, chicken pox, pertussis, typhoid fever in decreasing order of frequency. 7) Chief complaints on admission in the order of frequency were:fever (72.7%), coughing (68.2%), general weakeness (37.5%), vomiting (35.2%). 8) Principal clinical features on admission were marked adnormal auscltatory findings (68.2%), emaciation (54.5%), adnormal neurologic sings (42.0%), cervical lymphaderopathy (39.8%) and hepatosplenmegaly (22.7%). 9) Tuberculin skin test was done in 55 cases and positive reaction was obtained in 21.8% (12 cases). 10) Hematologic findings revealed a mild degree of anemia in 52.3% of all patients and leukocytosis in 75.0%. 11) AFB smear was positive in only 19.3% (17 cases/88), and the highest positive rate was found in sputum (40.0%). 12) Tuberculous meningitis was the most most common disease associated with miliary tuberculosis. 40.9% (36 cases( of all miliary tuberculosis cases were complicated by tuberculous meningitis, with the highest incidence of 72.2% (56 cases) under the age of 3 years. 13) The usual treatment was the triple regimen of INH, PAS and SM, though PAS was replaced by EMB or Rifampin in recent cases, Corticosteroids were added in complicated cases. 14) In 21.6% (19 cases) of total cases, the clinical symptoms and the miliary density on X-ray disappeared after 3 months of treatment. 15) The mortality rate was 10.2% (9 cases/88).

Fanconi's Anemia

We report 1 case of Fanconi's anemia which has severe pancytopenia, PDA, hypoplatic right thumb and cryptorchism with a brief review of related literature and references.

Platelet Counts in Healthy Premature Infants

Serial platelet counts performed at four day intervals on forty two healthy premature infants whose birth weights were less than 2200 grams. The forty two infants were divided into two groups: twelve premature infants weighing less than 1700 grams, and thirty prematures infants weighing over 1700 grams at birth. We evaluated the length of time for the platetet counts of the premature infants to equal that of the full-term infants. Platelet counts also were determined on ninety-nine healthy full-term infants during twenty one days of age. The platelet counts were repeated twice a day. The counts of the twenty-four healthy premature infants and the twenty-two healthy full term infants were compared using the Brecher-Cronkite method. 1) There was no significant differnce in platelet counts between twenty four healthy premature infants and twenty two healthy full-term infants obtained at birth and four hour of life by the method of Brecher-Cronkite and the error of platelet Counts was within 2.4 percent. 2) There was no significant difference in the mean platelet values between premature infants weighing less than 1700 grams(21200/mm3) and weighing over 1700 grams (21900/mm3)during first day of life. It was noted the mean platelet values of forty two premature infants were significantly lower than that of sixty eight full term infants which was 27500/mm3. 3) At nine days of life, the mean platelet values of the forty two premature infants equaled that of the sixty eight full term infants at leveles of 27500/mm3. The platelet values were increase continuously and reached peak level of 370000/mm3at the age of three weeks. Increase of platelet values in premature infants weighing less than 1700 grams at birth was delayed about one week compared with that of the infants over 1700 grams at birth.

Muco-Cutaneous Lymph node Syndrome: Clinical observation of twentycases

Authors experienced the cases like to Muco-Cutaneous Lymph node Syndrome (MCLS) admitted to the department of Pediatrics, St. Benedict Hospital from Jan. 1978 to Dec. 1979. Here Authors presented the clinical datas of twenty cases simulating this syndrome as reported by Kawasski. 1. The peak age group was from 1 to 2 years of age and the youngest case was 3 months old infant. Most of them (95%) was under 3 yesrs old. The ratio of male and female was 13 to 7. The seasonal incidence was higher in May to June and November to February. The annual incidence of 1979 was more than 2 times as that of 1978. 2. The clinical symptoms on admission were as follow : fever (100%), cough (70%), diarrhea (65%), vomiting (45%), irritability (40%), So, on admission, Authors had used to overlook as respiratory disease or acute gastroenteritis. 3. The 70% of them showed at least 5 items of the principal symptoms of MCLS. At acute phase, 14 cases (70%) also showed the erythematous desquamation of anogenital region, and 2 cases (10%) showed a transitory hydrocele. The appearance of rashes was observed in 10 cases (50%), and 7 cases of the remainder showed the desquamation of digits during convalescent phase. 7 of 15 cases (46.7%) showed only the desquamation of fingertips. 4. 8 cases (40%) had sinus tachycardia, and I case had gallop rhythm. Most of them showed normal EKG, and 4 cases (20%) showed low voltage of limb leads. 5. In the laboratory findings, most of them had leucocytosis, elevated ESR, positive CRP, normal ASO, and 5 cases (25%) had slight increase of serum transminase. Hepatomegaly was observed in 7 cases (35%). 6. In spite of the intensive treatment, fever was continued for about 5 days in 5 cases (25%).

Clinical Evaluation of Postnatal Weight Gain in Premature and Low Birth Weight Infants

Among premature and low birth weight infants admitted between March 1970 and February 1977, 228 infants who were clinically normal and older than 7 hospital days are evaluated as to the changes of baby weight. The average postnatal weight loss was 18 to 8 per cent during the first 7 to 17 days after birth. Infants refained their birth weight at the age of 15 to 17 days in the weight group of 1001 to 1250g 9 to 10 days in 1251 to 1500g, 13 to 15 days in 1501 to 1750g, 14 to 16 days on 1751 to 2000g, 11 to 13 days in 2001 to 2250g, 7 to 8 days in 2251 to 2500g. Postnatal weight gain in this study corresponded well to Dancis postnatal growth curve.

Follow-up Study of 104 Cases of Blood Exchange Transfusion for Hyperbilirubinemia

A study was made of 104cases of neonatal hyperbiliruinemia receiving blood exchange transfusion at Kwangju Christian Hospital from January 1969 to December 1975, with the following results: 1. 52 patients(50%) returned for follow-up, 9 patients(8.7%) had died, and 43 patients(41.3%) did not return. 2. Of the 52 patients returning, developmental status was studied by D.D.S.T. 43 patients(82.7%) had normal development, 8(15.4%) were retarded, and 1(1.9%) was questionable. No patients had a failing score. Most of the retarded patients had cerebral palsy, due to kernicterus. 3. There was no retardation among patients exchange-transfused at age of less than 5days, or over 8 days(except 1 pts.) , and with less than 30mg% of Pre-B.E.T. serum bilirubin level. 4. No significant difference of sex incidence was noted. 5. ABO incompatibility (57%) was predominant as the etiology and main cause of retarded development (19.4%), but the idiopathic type of hyperbilirubinemia(41.3%) was interestingly high among these B.E.T. patients. 6. Mean value and standard error of pre-B.E.T. serum bilirubin levels are as follows: Normal development group:30.80+/-1.60 Retarded development group:38.83+/-2.35 The difference of men values between both groups is very significant according to the t-test. 7. Motor disturbance was the predominant handicap in retarded patients at ages less than 3 years, and after this there was a tendency toward recovery, accompanied by mild speech disturbance. Hearing loss, especially of high pitched tone, was noted in 1 patient and confirmed by audiometry.