El urocultivo preoperatorio no refleja el status microbiólogico de pacientes sometidos a nefrolitotomía percutánea: mayor estudio multicéntrico en América Latina / Preoperative urine culture does not refledt the microbiological status of patiens undegoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy: Most comprehensive clinical trial in Latin America

Introducción: Entre el 50 por ciento a 10 por ciento de los pacientes sometidos a nefrolitotomía percutánea (NLP) presentará sepsis. Las estrategias de prevención de complicaciones infecciosas actuales, se basan en la información entregada por los cultivos de orina preoperatorios. El objetivo de este estudio es comparar los perfiles microbiológicos entre los cultivos de orina tradicionales preoperatorios, con cultivos del microambiente del cálculo renal (orina de pelvis renal y del cálculo) de pacientes sometidos a NLP.(AU)

Introduction. Between 50 pertcent to 10 pertcent of patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) will present sepsis. Current strategies for preventing infectious complications are based on the information provided by preoperative urine cultures. The aim of this study is to compare the microbiological profiles from traditional preoperative urine cultures with cultures from renal microenvironment (renal pelvis urine and kidney stone) of patients undergoing PCNL. Material y Methods. International multicenter prospective clinical trial. The study was conducted from December 2012 to May 2014 in three teaching hospitals, two from Chile and one from Argentina. All patients undergoing PCNL during that period were included. In a prospective fashion, preoperative urine culture, microbiological study of extracted urinary stones and cultures from renal pelvis urine were requested. In each hospital, data regarding patients was submitted through an online questionnaire: Age, sex, comorbidities, type of stone (staghorn or not), size of the stone, isolated bacteria, resistance profile and postoperative infectious complications were filled.(AU)

¿Es necesario el enema rectal en la biopsia de próstata? / Is it necessary to perform rectal enema for prostate biopsies?

Nuestro objetivo fue evaluar la necesidad real de enema rectal previo a la realización de biopsia prostática y su implicación en posibles complicaciones infecciosas asociadas al procedimiento. Material y Métodos. Entre Enero y Junio del 2006, 128 pacientes recibieron biopsia prostática. Fueron asignados a dos grupos, recibiendo o no enema rectal. De estos, 90 pacientes presentaron información evaluable y constituyeron la población de estudio. Resultados. No se verificaron diferencias significativas entre los dos grupos de estudio. Conclusiones. El presente trabajo demuestra la utilidad limitada que tiene el enema rectal previo a biposia prostática.

We aimed to evaluate the real usefulness of rectal enema previous to transrectal prostatic biopsy and its possible implications in infectious complications. Methods. Between January and June 2006, 128 consecutive patients underwent transrectal prostatic biopsy at our institution. Patients were assigned to two groups’ receiving rectal enema or not. Of these, 90 patient shad complete available information and constituted the population of study. Results. No significant differences were verified between the two groups of study. Conclusions. Present manuscript shows the limited usefulness of rectal enema previous a transrectal prostate biopsy.