Effect of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid on oxidative stress production and apoptosis in hippocampus of neonatal rats with brain injury induced by lipopolysaccharide / 新乡医学院学报

Objective To investigate the effects of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid(PUFA)on oxidative stress produc-tion and apoptosis in hippocampus of neonatal rats with brain injury induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS). Methods Forty-eight neonatal Sprague Dawley rats(3 days)were randomly divided into control group,LPS group,ω-3 PUFA group and ω-6 PUFA group,with 12 rats in each group. The rats in the LPS group,ω-3 PUFA group and ω-6 PUFA group were given 0. 6 mg·kg - 1 LPS via intraperitoneal injection,then equal volume of saline,ω-3 PUFA and ω-6 PUFA was immediately given via intraperitoneal injection respectively;while the rats in the control group were all given equal volume of saline. The rats in each group were sacrificed at 24 hours after intraperitoneal injection with saline or fat emulsions to obtain the hippocampus. The levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and malondialdehyde(MDA),reduced glutathion(GSH),oxidized glutathione(GSSG) were detected and GSSG/ GSH was calculated. The apoptotic index was measured by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-me-diated dUTP nick end labeling. Results Compared with the control group,the levels of SOD and GSH in hippocampus of rats in the LPS group,ω-6 PUFA group and ω-3 PUFA group were significantly decreased(P < 0. 05),and the levels of MDA, GSSG and the ratio of GSSG/ GSH were significantly increased(P < 0. 05). Compared with the LPS group,the levels of SOD and GSH in hippocampus of rats in ω-6 PUFA group were significantly decreased(P < 0. 05),the levels of MDA,GSSG and the ratio of GSSG/ GSH were significantly increased(P < 0. 05);the levels of SOD and GSH in hippocampus of rats in ω-3 PU-FA group were significantly increased(P < 0. 05),the levels of MDA,GSSG and the ratio of GSSG/ GSH were significantly de-creased(P < 0. 05). Compared with the ω-6 PUFA group,the levels of SOD and GSH in hippocampus of rats in ω-3 PUFA group were significantly decreased(P < 0. 05),the levels of MDA,GSSG and the ratio of GSSG/ GSH were significantly in-creased(P < 0. 05). The apoptotic index in the LPS group,ω-6 PUFA group and ω-3 PUFA group was higher than that in the control group(P < 0. 05). The apoptotic index in the ω-6 PUFA group was higher than that in the LPS group(P < 0. 05). The apoptotic index in the ω-3 PUFA group was lower than that in the LPS group and ω-6 PUFA group(P < 0. 05). Conclusion ω-3 PUFA can alleviate the oxidative stress,and decrease the apoptosis of hippocampus in neonatal rats with brain injury in-duced by LPS. So it has a neuroprotective effect in brain injury induced by LPS.

Efficacy of phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation for high myopia with cataract / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM:To analyze clinical curative effect of small incision non - phacoemulsification cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation in the treatment of the high myopia with cataract. METHODS:Seven-four cases (78 eyes) of patients with high myopia and cataract were randomly divided into control group and observation group, 37 cases (39 eyes) in each group. The control group underwent cataract phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation, the observation group received small incision non -phacoemulsification cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation. The treatment effect was analyzed. RESULTS: After treatment, there was no significant difference in the ratio uncorrected visual acuity of 0. 5 and above in two groups. IOP was significantly decreased in two groups after treatment with no significant difference. Intraoperative and postoperative complications in observation group were significantly lower than that in control group. Wound healing time of observation group was significantly shorter than that of the control group.CONCLUSION:Small incision non-phacoemulsification cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation in the treatment of high myopia with cataract has significant effect, lower complication rate, and is worthy of promotion in clinical.

Research progresses of pharmacokinetics of polysaccharides / 药学学报

Pharmacokinetic analysis has attracted more and more attentions in the research field of bioactive natural product. However, there is limited study on the pharmacokinetics of polysaccharides. This paper focused on the research progresses of pharmacokinetics of polysaccharide, summarized the applications of chromatography, isotope labeling method, spectrophotometry, fluorospectrophotometry and biological assay in the analysis of polysaccharide pharmacokinetics, elucidated the behaviors of absorption, distribution, degradation and excretion of polysaccharide in experimental animals, and revealed the effects of physicochemical characteristic, administration dose and route on the pharmacokinetic properties of polysaccharide, which could be served as a reference for the related works.

Isoprenylated phenolic compounds from leaves of Morus yunnanensis / 中国中药杂志

Phytochemical investigation on an EtOH extract of the leaves of Mons yunnanensis led to the isolation and characterization of 11 isoprenylated phenolic compounds, morusyunnansin G (1), morachalcone B (2), cudraxanthone M (3), cudraxanthone D (4), sanggenofuran B(5), moracin D (6), moracin C (7), moracin I (8), demethylmoracin I (9), morachalcone A (10), and isobacachalcone (11). Compound 1 is a new compound and compounds 2-11 were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Evaluation of percutaneous vertebroplasty of 190 cases / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the therapeutic effect of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) guided by X-ray fluoroscopy in treating osteoporotic spinal compression fractures, hemangioma of vertebra and metastatic carcinoma of vertebra.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and ninety patients with 275 diseased vertebra underwent PVP under the guidance of C-arm fluoroscopy (male 80, female 110, ranging in age from 53 to 91 years, with an average of 66 years). Bone marrow biopsy needle was inserted percutaneously via transpedicular way into the diseased vertebra. Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) was then injected into the diseased vertebra. Visual analogue scale (VAS), mobility and analgesic usage were evaluated pre-operation and 3 months after PVP.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>PVP was successful in 190 cases (275 vertebrae). VAS was tested by t test at 3 months after PVP (P < 0.05). Simultaneously, scale of patient's mobility and scale of analgesic usage was tested by rank sum test at 3 months after PVP (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>As the mimimally invasive operation, PVP can alleviate pain in early time, avoid kinds of complications by shortening the patient's time in bed and have the characteristic of simply operative procedure and low expenses. It is an effective mini-invasive technique for osteoporotic spinal compression fractures, hemangioma of vertebra and metastatic carcinoma of vertebra.</p>

Emergency repair of severe complex defect in forearm by transplantation of free flap and functional reconstruction / 中华显微外科杂志

Objective To report the outcome of emergency repair of severe complex defect in forearm by transplantation of free flap and simultaneous functional reconstruction.Methods From Mar.1994 to Aug.2003,4 cases with severe complex defect in forearm was repaired by transplantation of free skin flap, free skin flap combined with fibula flap,or fibula osteocutaneous flap in emergency.Simultaneously the flexion and extension function were repaired by muscle transfer and/or tendon grafting,tenonectomy.Results All the cases were successful.Follow-up period ranged from 1 to 3 years postoperatively.The blood-supply,tex- ture and elasticity of transferred flaps were excellent with good bone healing.Opposition of thumb with four fin- gers was good.Sensory recovery of the hand was satisfactory.Conclusion Transplantation of free flap com- bined with simultaneous functional reconstruction is an ideal method in emergency repair of severe complex de- fect in forearm.

Effects of Fluid Resuscitation on Cerebral Protection in A Rat Model of Traumatic Head Injury Complicated with Hemorrhagic Shock / 中国康复理论与实践

@#ObjectiveTo compare the effects of normal saline (NS), 10% hydroxyethyl starch (HES) and hypertonic-hyperoncotic solution (HHS,7.5% NaCl/10% HES) on regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), brain edema and blood-brain barrier (BBB) in a rat model of traumatic head injury (THI) complicate with hemorrhagic shock. Methods60 SD rats were randomized into 5 groups: sham group (n=12), model group (n=12), NS group (n=12), HES group (n=12) and HHS group (n=12). rCBF and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were determined before and after THI, hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation. Cerebral water content and Evans Blue (EB) content were assessed 3 h after resuscitation.ResultsMAP and rCBF were restored to baseline values immediately after resuscitation in all resuscitated group and began to decrease 15 min, 30 min or 45 min later, respectively(P<0.05). 3 h after resuscitation, the brain water content was higher in NS group than those in sham or HHS group(P<0.05). EB contents of injured hemispheres were higher in model and NS group than those in HES or HHS group(P<0.05). ConclusionSmall-volume resuscitation with HHS can restore MAP and rCBF, decrease brain edema and improve BBB in a rat model of THI complicate with hemorrhagic shock.

Studies on the alkaloids from stem of Artabotrys hainanensis / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the alkaloids from the stem of Artabotrys hainanensis.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Compounds in plant extracts were separated by silica gel and sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. Chemical structures were elucidated by chemical and spectral analyses including UV, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, ESIMS and ESI-MS-MS.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Eight alkaloids were isolated and identified as spinosine (1), 3-hydroxynornuciferine (2), juzirine (3), artabotrine (4), liridine (5), assimilobine (6), isococlaurine (7), N-demethylarmepavine (8).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>All alkaloids were isolated from this plant for the first time and compounds 1, 3, 7 and 8 were isolated from genus Artabotrys for the first time.</p>

Molecular mechanism of granulocytic differentiation of human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells induced by all-trans retinoic acid / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To elucidate the molecular mechanism of granulocytic differentiation of human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells induced by all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Flow cytometry was used to determine the cell cycle changes of HL-60 cells upon ATRA treatment. Gene expression profiles of HL-60 cells induced by 1 mumol.L-1 ATRA were obtained by using cDNA microarrays containing 9,984 genes and expressed sequence tags (ESTs).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Cell cycle analysis showed that 48%-73% of cells were arrested at G1/G0 phase upon ATRA treatment; cDNA microarray results demonstrated that the expression of genes encoding adhesion molecules, tissue remodeling proteins, transporters and ribosomal proteins were up-regulated in ATRA treated of HL-60 cells. Several genes involved in oxidase activation pathway were also differentially expressed.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ATRA treatment induced growth arrest and differentiation in HL-60 cells, which is associated with regulation of the oxidase activation pathway and the expression of tissue remodeling proteins.</p>

Characterization of inductive synthesis of levoglucosan kinase by a combined strategy of enzymological and fast atom bombardment mass spectrometric analysis / 生物工程学报

Levoglucosan is the main product derived from pyrolysis of cellulose. A mutant Aspergillus niger CBX-209 could grow on levoglucosan well fermenting it into citric acid with a yield comparable to that on glucose. Levoglucosan hydrolase was absent by measuring glucose formation with the glucose oxidase and peroxidase coupling system. Cell extracts were partly purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation and ion-exchange chromatograph. Direct formation of glucose 6-phosphate from levoglucosan in the presence of ATP and MgCl2 was observed when it was reacted with partly purified enzyme by a combined strategy of enzymological and fast atom bombardment mass spectrometric analysis. These data showed that the mutant used a novel enzyme, levoglucosan kinase, to convert levoglucosan into glucose 6-phosphate. Levoglucosan kinase was an inductive enzyme.

RESEARCH PROCESS IN PRODUCTION OF SUCCINIC ACID BY FERMENTATION / 微生物学通报

Succinic acid is widely used in the field of chemistry and food proces s. Compared to the traditional chemical synthesis, succinic acid production by fermentation has some benefits. The new process with competitive cost uses rene wable agricultural resources including green house gas CO 2 instead of fossil f uels and reduces pollution from chemical synthesis. In this article, research progr e ss in production of succinic acid by fermentation such as microorganisms, metabo lic pathways and its regulation, fermentation and isolation are briefly reviewed .