Recent advances in lamellar liquid crystal emulsification methods encapsulating natural active substances for functional cosmetics / 药学学报

Due to the high similarity with the lipid layer between human skin keratinocytes, functional cosmetics with layered liquid crystal structure prepared by liquid crystal emulsification technology encapsulating natural active substances have become a hot research topic in recent years. This type of functional cosmetic often has a fresh and natural skin feel, excellent skin barrier repair function and efficient moisturizing effect, etc., showing great potential in cosmetic application. However, the present research on the application of liquid crystal emulsification technology to functional cosmetics is still in the initial stage, and there are fewer relevant reports with reference values. Based on the mentioned above, this review provides a comprehensive summary of functional cosmetics with layered liquid crystal structures prepared by liquid crystal emulsification technology from the following aspects: the structure of human skin, the composition of lamellar liquid crystal, the advantages of liquid crystal emulsification technology containing natural active substances used in the field of functional cosmetics, the preparation process, main components, influencing factors during the preparation and the market functional cosmetics with lamellar liquid crystal structure. Finally, the prospect of the application of liquid crystal emulsification technology in functional cosmetics is presented, to provide useful references for those engaged in the research of liquid crystal emulsification technology-related functional cosmetics.

Risk factors of hypoglycemia in late preterm infants / 中国新生儿科杂志

Objective:To study the risk factors of hypoglycemia in late preterm infants.Methods:From January 2019 to December 2021, late premature infants admitted to NICU of our hospital were retrospectively studied. The infants with hypoglycemia were assigned into the hypoglycemia group and infants with same gestational age and normoglycemia were assigned into the control group in a 1∶1 ratio. The perinatal and maternal data of the two groups were compared. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the risk factors of hypoglycemia in late premature infants.Results:A total of 366 cases each were included in the hypoglycemia group and the control group. No significant difference existed in birth weight between the two groups ( P>0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that antenatal corticosteroid ( OR=1.567, 95% CI 1.127-2.180), cesarean section ( OR=2.013, 95% CI 1.376-2.944), twin birth ( OR=2.241, 95% CI 1.479-3.396) and infant of a diabetic mother ( OR=1.635, 95% CI 1.131-2.365) were the risk factors of hypoglycemia in late preterm infants ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Antenatal corticosteroid, cesarean section, twin birth and infant of a diabetic mother are independent risk factors for hypoglycemia in late preterm infants.

Preparation, physicochemical characterization and cytocompatibility study of self-assembled silk fibroin nanoparticles / 药学学报

This study aimed to prepare silk fibroin nanoparticles (SF-NPs) and assess the physicochemical properties and biocompatibility of the formulation. An optimized and simplified solvent displacement method was employed to obtain SF-NPs. Single-factor prescription screening, such as silk fibroin (SF) solution concentration, the ratio of SF solution to organic solvent, ultrasonication power and time, and different types of organic phases, was used to optimize the formulation. The characterization of the optimal formulation included particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, morphology, and stability. The in vitro cell compatibility of the nanoparticles was evaluated using CCK-8 and Calcein-AM/PI cell viability staining. The results showed that when SF concentration was 20 mg·mL-1, volume ratio of aqueous phase to acetone was 1∶6, ultrasonic power was 80 W and ultrasonic time was 3 min, the best SF-NPs was obtained. The nanoparticles prepared in this study exhibit a near-spherical shape, with a uniform size distribution, having an average size of 144.8 nm, a PDI of 0.174, and a zeta potential of -27.35 mV. Results from in vitro cell experiments demonstrate excellent cell compatibility of SF-NPs, showing the ability to promote cell proliferation. The SF-NPs which were successfully prepared in this study exhibit uniform particle size and excellent biocompatibility.

Postoperative changes of anterior chamber depth and lens suspensory ligament in patients with ultra-high myopia and cataract and related influencing factors / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM:To investigate the changes of anterior chamber depth(ACD)and lens suspensory ligament after phacoemulsification and intraocular lens(IOL)implantation in patients with ultra-high myopia cataract and related influencing factors.METHODS: A total of 45 patients(60 eyes)with ultra-high myopia and cataract in our hospital from October 2016 to December 2022 were selected. All patients received phacoemulsification and IOL implantation. The patients were randomly divided into implantation group and non-implantation group. Implantation group was combined with capsular tension ring(CTR)implantation, and non-implantation group did not implant CTR during operation. The changes of ACD and lens suspensory ligament length before and after operation were compared and the correlation was analyzed. To observe the differences of ACD and the length of lens suspensory ligament between the two groups before and after operation.RESULTS: The ACD of patients with ultra-high myopia complicated with cataract at 1 and 3mo after operation was higher than that before operation(all P&#x003C;0.05). The positions of 3:00, 6:00, 9:00, 12:00 and the average length of lens suspensory ligament at 1 and 3mo post-operation were shorter than those pre-operation(all P&#x003C;0.05). There was no significant difference in the positions of 3:00, 6:00, 9:00, 12:00 and average length of suspensory ligament between 1mo and 3mo after operation(all P&#x003E;0.05). The preoperative average length of lens suspensory ligament in patients with ultra-high myopia cataract was positively correlated with the ocular axis and the preoperative ACD(all P&#x003C;0.05). There was no significant difference in ACD between the implantation group and the non-implantation before and at 1 and 3mo after operation(P&#x003E;0.05). There was no significant difference in the length of lens suspensory ligament between implantation group and non-implantation group at the position of 6:00 before operation and 1mo after operation(P&#x003E;0.05), but there was difference in lens suspensory ligament between groups at 3mo after operation and the position of 6:00(P&#x003C;0.05). Furthermore, there was no significant difference at the positions of 3:00, 9:00, 12:00 and the average length of lens suspensory ligament between the implantation group and non-implantation group before and at 1 and 3mo after operation(P&#x003E;0.05).CONCLUSION: The ACD deepen and lens suspensory ligament shortened in patients with ultra-high myopia and cataract after phacoemulsification; the length of lens suspensory ligament was affected by the combined use of CTR.

Association between perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances and maternal thyroid-related hormones in pregnant women / 环境与职业医学

Background Exposure to perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) during pregnancy might affect thyroid-related hormone levels in pregnant women. However, most previous studies focused on the effects of PFAS containing 8-10 carbon atoms, and few studies have estimated the associations between PFAS with longer carbon chain and thyroid-related hormone levels. Objective To examine the associations between PFAS exposure and thyroid-related hormones in pregnant women. Methods The present study was based on the Jiashan Birth Cohort from September 2016 to April 2018. We analyzed 13 PFAS in maternal blood samples (n=781) by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, as well as total triiodothyronine (T3), total thyroxine (T4), free T3 (FT3), free T4 (FT4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroglobulin antibody (TG-Ab), and thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. PFAS were divided into three groups:low concentration, medium concentration and high concentration according to the tertile of their concentrations. We estimated the associations between PFAS concentrations and thyroid-related hormones in pregnant women by multiple linear regression. Results In the multiple linear regression models, a change in perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoA) concentrations from the low concentration group to the high concentration group was associated with a −0.10 (95%CI: −0.20, 0) nmol·L−1 change in T3, −0.15 (95%CI: −0.28, −0.02) pmol·L−1 change in FT3, and −3.02 (95%CI: −5.66, −0.39) pmol·L−1 change in FT4, respectively. A change in perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA) concentrations from the low concentration group to the high concentration group was associated with a −0.10 (95%CI: −0.20, 0) nmol·L−1 change in T3. Compared with the low concentration group, the concentration of T4 in the medium concentration group of perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) increased by 6.10 (95%CI: 0.44, 11.75) nmol·L−1. No statistically significant associations were found between PFAS and TSH concentration. The negative associations of PFAS with thyroid-related hormones were more pronounced in pregnant women with positive TG-Ab and/or TPOAb. Conclusion Exposure to PFAS during pregnancy may affect thyroid-related hormone homeostasis in pregnant women, and the effect is stronger in TG-Ab and/or TPOAb-positive pregnant women.

A prevalence survey of cone-beam computed tomography use among endodontic practitioners / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical application of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) among endodontic practitioners, and to analyze the indications and reasonability of CBCT in the diagnosis and treatment of pulpal and periapical diseases.@*METHODS@#The clinical data were collected from patients who visited the Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology and underwent CBCT examination from January to December, 2021. The data with their complete clinical information (including clinical records, radiology request forms/reports, two-dimensional and three-dimensional imaging data) were included. Those who underwent CBCT examination for orthodontic or prosthodontics were excluded. The experience and training background of the endodontic specialists, the number of patients treated in the whole year, the objective and region of interest (ROI) of CBCT examination, technical parameters, such as machine type, field of view (FoV) and radiographic reports were collected and analyzed to evaluate the impact on diagnosis. Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests were used to compare the distribution of CBCT ROI. Chi-squared test and pairwise comparison were used to compare the application of CBCT by endodontic specialists with different clinical experience (senior, middle and junior).@*RESULTS@#In 2021, a total of 3 308 CBCT scans were prescribed by 61 endodontic specialists who treated 34 952 patients throughout the year. 3 218 patients (male ∶female about 1 ∶2) amounting for 10% of the patients treated in the whole year who received CBCT scans with an median age of 35 years (28, 49). Around 98% CBCT examinations were performed after clinical examination and two-dimensional periapical radiographs were taken. The FoV of CBCT scanning less than 10 cm×10 cm accounted for 96% of the total number of the images. Among the 3 308 CBCT scans, 83% of the ROI were in posterior teeth, with a higher number of anterior teeth (Z=-2.278, P < 0.05). Maxillary and mandibular first molars accounted for 35% of the examined teeth. The objectives of CBCT scanning included three aspects: clarifying clinical diagnosis, guiding surgical and non-surgical endodontic treatment (including management of endodontic complications), and outcome assessment, accounting for 1 111 (34%), 1 745 (54%), 311 (10%), respectively. and the others 2%. In the diagnosis process, CBCT was mainly used for the diagnosis of chronic periapical periodontitis, root fracture, root resorption and dental trauma. In the study, 353 CBCT were used in the diagnosis of root fracture, with a positive diagnosis rate of 35% (125/353). 846 CBCT used to reveal the anatomy of the root canal system, of which 297 cases were used to find missed/extra canals after treatment failure, and 58% (171/297) were used to confirm the missed/extra canals. In the management of complications or errors, CBCT was mainly used to assist the diagnosis of perforation and to locate the separated instruments. In the study, 311 CBCT scans were used for outcome assessment, including 240 cases related to non-surgical treatment and 71 cases related to surgical endodontic treatment for follow-up or presence of clinical symptoms, and persistent lesions on 2D films. Among the 61 endodontic specialists who used CBCT, 23 (45%) were with senior experience, 15 (30%) with middle experience, and 23 (25%) with junior experience. The proportion of senior or junior experience prescribing CBCT examination was 10%, higher than that of middle experience (8%, χ12=39.4, χ22=29.1, P < 0.001). The application rate of chief endodontists was 18%, which was higher than that of associate chief endodontists (9%, χ12=139.4, P < 0.001). 31% (1 109/3 308) cases of diagnosis or treatment plans were changed after CBCT was taken.@*CONCLUSION@#Use of CBCT in endodontic practice could provide more clinical information, which is helpful for diagnosis, accurate treatment and prognosis evaluation.

Design and implementation of Internet of Things for emergency medical devices based on cloud-edge-device architecture / 生物医学工程学杂志

Internet of Things (IoT) technology plays an important role in smart healthcare. This paper discusses IoT solution for emergency medical devices in hospitals. Based on the cloud-edge-device architecture, different medical devices were connected; Streaming data were parsed, distributed, and computed at the edge nodes; Data were stored, analyzed and visualized in the cloud nodes. The IoT system has been working steadily for nearly 20 months since it run in the emergency department in January 2021. Through preliminary analysis with collected data, IoT performance testing and development of early warning model, the feasibility and reliability of the in-hospital emergency medical devices IoT was verified, which can collect data for a long time on a large scale and support the development and deployment of machine learning models. The paper ends with an outlook on medical device data exchange and wireless transmission in the IoT of emergency medical devices, the connection of emergency equipment inside and outside the hospital, and the next step of analyzing IoT data to develop emergency intelligent IoT applications.

Effects of Rehmanniae Radix and Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata on proteomics and autophagy in mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus induced by high-fat diet coupled with streptozotocin / 中国中药杂志

To compare the pancreatic proteomics and autophagy between Rehmanniae Radix-and Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata-treated mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM). The T2DM mouse model was established by high-fat diet coupled with streptozotocin(STZ, intraperitoneal injection, 100 mg·kg~(-1), once a day for three consecutive days). The mice were then randomly assigned into a control group, low-(5 g·kg~(-1)) and high-dose(15 g·kg~(-1)) Rehmanniae Radix groups, low-(150 mg·kg~(-1)) and high-dose(300 mg·kg~(-1)) catalpol groups, low-(5 g·kg~(-1)) and high-dose(15 g·kg~(-1)) Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata groups, low-(150 mg·kg~(-1)) and high-dose(300 mg·kg~(-1)) 5-hydroxymethyl furfuraldehyde(5-HMF) groups, and a metformin(250 mg·kg~(-1)) group. In addition, a normal group was also set and each group included 8 mice. The pancreas was collected after four weeks of administration and proteomics tools were employed to study the effects of Rehmanniae Radix and Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata on protein expression in the pancreas of T2DM mice. The expression levels of proteins involved in autophagy, inflammation, and oxidative stress response in the pancreatic tissues of T2DM mice were determined by western blotting, immunohistochemical assay, and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that the differential proteins between the model group and Rehmanniae Radix/Rehmanniae Radix Prae-parata group were enriched in 7 KEGG pathways, such as autophagy-animal, which indicated that the 7 pathways may be associated with T2DM. Compared with the control group, drug administration significantly up-regulated the expression levels of beclin1 and phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin(p-mTOR)/mTOR and down-regulated those of the inflammation indicators, Toll-like receptor-4(TLR4) and Nod-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3), in the pancreas of T2DM mice, and Rehmanniae Radix showed better performance. In addition, the expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2), and heine oxygenase-1(HO-1) in the pancreas of T2DM mice were down-regulated after drug administration, and Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata demonstrated better performance. The results indicate that both Rehmanniae Radix and Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata can alleviate the inflammatory symptoms, reduce oxidative stress response, and increase the autophagy level in the pancreas of T2DM mice, while they exert the effect on different autophagy pathways.

Epidemiological Survey of Hemoglobinopathies Based on Next-Generation Sequencing Platform in Hunan Province, China / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#This study was aimed at investigating the carrier rate of, and molecular variation in, α- and β-globin gene mutations in Hunan Province.@*METHODS@#We recruited 25,946 individuals attending premarital screening from 42 districts and counties in all 14 cities of Hunan Province. Hematological screening was performed, and molecular parameters were assessed.@*RESULTS@#The overall carrier rate of thalassemia was 7.1%, including 4.83% for α-thalassemia, 2.15% for β-thalassemia, and 0.12% for both α- and β-thalassemia. The highest carrier rate of thalassemia was in Yongzhou (14.57%). The most abundant genotype of α-thalassemia and β-thalassemia was -α 3.7/αα (50.23%) and β IVS-II-654/β N (28.23%), respectively. Four α-globin mutations [CD108 (ACC>AAC), CAP +29 (G>C), Hb Agrinio and Hb Cervantes] and six β-globin mutations [CAP +8 (C>T), IVS-II-848 (C>T), -56 (G>C), beta nt-77 (G>C), codon 20/21 (-TGGA) and Hb Knossos] had not previously been identified in China. Furthermore, this study provides the first report of the carrier rates of abnormal hemoglobin variants and α-globin triplication in Hunan Province, which were 0.49% and 1.99%, respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#Our study demonstrates the high complexity and diversity of thalassemia gene mutations in the Hunan population. The results should facilitate genetic counselling and the prevention of severe thalassemia in this region.

Efficacy of optimal pulse technology in the treatment of demodex blepharitis and its effect on ocular surface function / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To investigate the efficacy of optimal pulse technology(OPT)in the treatment of demodex blepharitis and its influence on ocular surface function.METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted from February 2018 to October 2020. A total of 127 patients(254 eyes)with demodex blepharitis were assigned to the observation group and the control group according to the treatment method. The control group(63 patients, 126 eyes)were given conventional hot compress, eye cleansing and drug therapy. On this basis, the observation group(64 patients, 128 eyes)was treated with OPT. Both groups were given 6wk of continuous treatment. Demodex count, Marx's line scores, meibum character scores, ocular surface disease index(OSDI)scores, non-invasive tear break-up time(NIBUT), non-invasive tear meniscus height(NITMH)and lipid layer thickness(LLT)were compared between the two groups, and safety was evaluated.RESULTS: After 6wk of treatment, demodex count, Marx's line scores, meibum character scores and OSDI scores of the two groups decreased. NIBUT, NITMH and LLT increased. Meanwhile, demodex count, Marx's line scores, meibum character scores and OSDI scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group. NIBUT, NITMH and LLT were longer/larger than those in the control group(P<0.001). No obvious abnormality of intraocular pressure or conjunctival/corneal injury was observed in either group.CONCLUSION:OPT is effective and safe in the treatment of demodex blepharitis.

Development of intelligent monitoring system based on Internet of Things and wearable technology and exploration of its clinical application mode / 生物医学工程学杂志

Wearable monitoring, which has the advantages of continuous monitoring for a long time with low physiological and psychological load, represents a future development direction of monitoring technology. Based on wearable physiological monitoring technology, combined with Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence technology, this paper has developed an intelligent monitoring system, including wearable hardware, ward Internet of Things platform, continuous physiological data analysis algorithm and software. We explored the clinical value of continuous physiological data using this system through a lot of clinical practices. And four value points were given, namely, real-time monitoring, disease assessment, prediction and early warning, and rehabilitation training. Depending on the real clinical environment, we explored the mode of applying wearable technology in general ward monitoring, cardiopulmonary rehabilitation, and integrated monitoring inside and outside the hospital. The research results show that this monitoring system can be effectively used for monitoring of patients in hospital, evaluation and training of patients' cardiopulmonary function, and management of patients outside hospital.

Recognition of the membrane anatomy-based laparoscopic assisted right hemicolectomy / 中华胃肠外科杂志

Although it has become a consensus in the field of colorectal surgery to perform radical tumor treatment and functional protection under the minimally invasive concept, there exist many controversies during clinical practice, including the concept of embryonic development of abdominal organs and membrane anatomy, the principle of membrane anatomy related to right hemicolectomy, D3 resection, and identification of the inner boundary. In this paper, we analyzed recently reported literature with high-level evidence and clinical data from the author's hospital to recognize and review the membrane anatomy-based laparoscopic assisted right hemicolectomy for right colon cancer, emphasizing the importance of priority of surgical dissection planes, vascular orientation, and full understanding of the fascial space, and proposing that the surgical planes should be dissected in the parietal-prerenal fascial space, and the incision should be 1 cm from the descending and horizontal part of the duodenum. The surgery should be performed according to a standard procedure with strict quality control. To identify the resection range of D3 dissection, it is necessary to establish a clinical, imaging, and pathological evaluation model for multiple factors or to apply indocyanine green and nano-carbon lymphatic tracer intraoperatively to guide precise lymph node dissection. We expect more high-level evidence of evidence-based medicine to prove the inner boundary of laparoscopic assisted radical right colectomy and a more rigorous consensus to be established.

The protective effect of lentinan regulating autophagy on HUVEC injury induced by high glucose and its mechanism / 中国药理学通报

Aim To study the effect of lentinan ( LNT) on the injury of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) induced by high concentration of glucose ( HG) and its mechanism so as to provide a new theo¬retical basis for the treatment of diabetic angiopathy.Methods After screening the optimal concentration of HG-induced HUVEC injury, different concentrations of LNT were given and then HUVEC cell viability, reac¬tive oxygen species ( ROS ) , superoxide dismutase (SOD) ,and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were de¬tected.Autophagy level in HUVECs was determined by MDC staining.Beclin-1 level was detected by PCR.The expression of LC3, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and the phosphorylation level of p38 MAPK were detected by Western blot.Results 120 mmol • L"1 HG could cause moderate HUVEC injury.LNT could improve the declining HUVEC viability induced by HG, alleviate the increasing ROS,upgrade the level of SOD level, downgrade the level of M DA, raise the autophagy level in HUVECs,and decrease the expres-sion of iNOS and p38 MAPK phosphorylated protein in HUVECs.Conclusions LNT can improve HG-in- duced HUVEC injury,and the mechanism is related to regulating ROS/p38 MAPK pathway to enhance auto¬phagy levels and improve intracellular oxidative stress.

Active Components Formulation Developed from Fuzheng Huayu Recipe for Anti-Liver Fibrosis / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To screen the active components from Fuzheng Huayu Recipe (FZHY) and redesign a new recipe composed of the active components, and validate the effect of active components formulation from FZHY against liver fibrosis.@*METHODS@#Thirty-two components from FZHY were evaluated for their activities against liver fibrosis respectively, with 6 kinds of cell models in vitro, including oxidative stressed hepatocyte in L-02, hypoxia injured/proliferative hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells in SK-HEP-1 and human hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells (HHSEC), and activated hepatic stellate cell in LX-2. The comprehensive activity of each component against liver fibrosis was scored according to the role of original herbs in FZHY and cell functions in fibrogenesis. Totally 7 active components were selected and combined with equal proportion to form a novel active components formulation (ACF). The efficacy of ACF on liver fibrosis were evaluated on activation of LX-2 and proliferation of HHSEC in vitro and in liver fibrosis model mice induced by dimethylnitrosamine (DMN). Totally 72 mice were divided into 6 groups using a random number table, including normal, high-dose ACF control (20 µ mol/L × 7 components/kg body weight), model, low-, medium-, high-dose ACF groups (5, 10, 20 µ mol/L × 7 components/kg body weight, respectively). Hematoxylin eosin and Sirius red stainings were used to observe inflammation and fibrosis change of liver tissue; scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were utilized to observe the effect of ACF on ultrastructure of hepatic sinusoids.@*RESULTS@#Fifteen components from FZHY showed higher scores for their activity on against liver fibrosis. Among them, 7 components including tanshinone II A, salvianolic acid B, cordycepin, amygdalin, quercetin, protopanaxatriol, and schizandrin B were recombined with equal proportions to form ACF. ACF at 1,2, 4 µ mol/L showed strong inhibitory effects on activation of LX-2 and proliferation of HHSEC in vitro (all P<0.01). Compared with the model group, ACF attenuated liver collagen deposition, improved sinusoidal capillarization in a dose-dependent manner (all P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#ACF exerts a satisfactory effect against experimental liver fibrosis and attenuates sinusoidal capillarization, which warrant a further research and development for herbal components formulation on liver fibrosis.

Evidence-based standardized nutrition protocol can shorten the time to full enteral feeding in very preterm/very low birth weight infants / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To investigate whether evidence-based standardized nutrition protocol can facilitate the establishment of full enteral nutrition and its effect on short-term clinical outcomes in very preterm/very low birth weight infants.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of 312 preterm infants with a gestational age of ≤32 weeks or a birth weight of <1 500 g. The standardized nutrition protocol for preterm infants was implemented in May 2020; 160 infants who were treated from May 1, 2019 to April 30, 2020 were enrolled as the control group, and 152 infants who were treated from June 1, 2020 to May 31, 2021 were enrolled as the test group. The two groups were compared in terms of the time to full enteral feeding, the time to the start of enteral feeding, duration of parenteral nutrition, the time to recovery to birth weight, the duration of central venous catheterization, and the incidence rates of common complications in preterm infants.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the control group, the test group had significantly shorter time to full enteral feeding, time to the start of enteral feeding, duration of parenteral nutrition, and duration of central venous catheterization and a significantly lower incidence rate of catheter-related bloodstream infection (P<0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups in the mortality rate and the incidence rate of common complications in preterm infants including grade II-III necrotizing enterocolitis (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Implementation of the standardized nutrition protocol can facilitate the establishment of full enteral feeding, shorten the duration of parenteral nutrition, and reduce catheter-related bloodstream infection in very preterm/very low birth weight infants, without increasing the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis.

Advances of targeted delivery vectors for inducing browning of white adipose tissue / 药学学报

Obesity has become an important inducer of many public diseases such as diabetes, endocrine disorders, and so on. Anti-obesity treatment has become a hot topic. Inhibiting fat synthesis and promoting fat decomposition are important ways of drug anti-obesity treatment. With the in-depth study of the distribution, morphology and function of adipose tissue, brown adipose tissue containing multi-compartment fat drops and rich mitochondria have attracted people's attention. Beige adipocytes which are similar to brown adipocytes in morphology and function have aroused great interest, such cells can be transformed from white adipocytes by external stimulation or browning agents. This process is called "white fat browning". The expression of promoting energy consumption proteins in these cells increase, so that the function of adipocytes changes from energy storage to energy consumption to increase excessive energy consumption in the body and reduce lipid accumulation. The browning of white adipose tissue has brought new ideas for obesity treatment, but the systemic administration of browning agent has the risk of adverse reactions to non-target tissues such as heart and central nervous system, which limits its application in inducing white fat browning. Browning agents to white adipose tissue can reduce its adverse reactions and improve its bioavailability by constructing a drug delivery system targeting white adipose tissue. In this review, the mechanism on browning of white adipose tissue, the commonly used browning agents and the targeted delivery carriers that induce browning of white adipose tissue are summarized.

Research progress of silk fibroin-based nanoparticulate drug delivery systems / 药学学报

Silk fibroin is a natural polymer with certain water solubility, structural modification, good biocompatibility and biodegradability, which can be used as a drug delivery carrier material. As a promising drug delivery system, drug-loaded silk fibroin nanoparticles can control drug release, reduce toxicity and improve therapeutic effects. In this paper, the basic characteristics of silk fibroin, the preparation methods of drug-loaded silk fibroin nanoparticles and the application of silk fibroin in nanoparticulate drug delivery systems are reviewed, and on this basis, the further development of drug-loaded silk fibroin nanoparticles is prospected.

Xuebijing Injection Ameliorates H / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of Xuebijing Injection (XBJ) on the lung endothelial barrier in hydrogen sulfide (H@*METHODS@#Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to H@*RESULTS@#The morphological investigation showed that XBJ attenuated H@*CONCLUSIONS@#XBJ ameliorated H

Research progress on the revision of Metal-on-Metal hip arthroplasty due to adverse reactions to metal debris / 中国骨伤

The choice of friction interface has always been a controversial topic in hip arthroplasty. Although the metal-on-metal (MoM) interface has gradually faded out of our vision, its revision is a clinical difficulty. Adverse reactions to metal debris (ARMD) is the most common indication for MoM hip arthroplasty revision, and the clinical results of hip arthroplasty due to ARMD are not satisfactory. At present, the indications and suggestions for revision of ARMD are not uniform. In this article, the clinical diagnosis, indications of revision, risk factors of prognosis, intraoperative suggestions and reasons for revision of ARMD were summarized. This article briefly introduces the diagnosis and treatment strategies and precautions of hip arthroplasty due to ARMD, in order to provide reference for such patients in clinical practice.