Cardiometabolic disease patterns among elderly patients with colorectal cancer in China / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: To explore the distribution patterns of cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) in elderly patients with colorectal cancer, and provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular metabolic diseases in these patients. Methods: Clinical data of 3 894 elderly patients with colorectal cancer from January 2008 to March 2018 admitted in the Chinese PLA General Hospital were recruited and the incidence rate of CMD was retrospectively analyzed. The influence factors of elderly patients with colorectal cancer combined with CMD were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression model. Results: The morbidity rate of CMD in elderly patients with colorectal cancer is 33.4% (1 301/3 894), among them, the morbidity rate of the male was 31.9% (768/2 409), and that of the female was 35.9% (533/1 485). There was not significant difference between these two sex (P=0.074). The morbidity rates of CMD in patients of 65-74 years, 75-84 years and ≥85 years were 30.6% (754/2 462), 37.0% (479/1 294) and 49.3% (68/138), respectively, with significant differences (P<0.001). Multiple Logistic regression analysis revealed that female (OR=1.213, 95%CI: 1.056-1.394), age (75-84 years group: OR=1.344, 95%CI: 1.164-1.552; ≥85 years group: OR=2.345, 95%CI: 1.651-3.331) and body mass index (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m(2) group: OR=1.319, 95%CI: 1.065-1.638; ≥25 kg/m(2) group: OR=2.041, 95%CI: 1.627-2.561) were independent risk factors for elderly colorectal cancer patients with CMD. Conclusion: The morbidity rate of CMD in elderly patients with colorectal cancer increases with age and it is urgent to strengthen multidisciplinary cooperation and develop reasonable treatment plans to extend the survival and life quality of these patients.

Predictive factors for pituitary response to pulsatile GnRH therapy in patients with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

Pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) may induce spermatogenesis in most patients with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) by stimulating gonadotropin production, while the predictors for a pituitary response to pulsatile GnRH therapy were rarely investigated. Therefore, the aim of our study is to investigate predictors of the pituitary response to pulsatile GnRH therapy. This retrospective cohort study included 82 CHH patients who received subcutaneous pulsatile GnRH therapy for at least 1 month. Patients were categorized into poor or normal luteinizing hormone (LH) response subgroups according to their LH level (LH <2 IU l-1 or LH ≥2 IU l-1) 1 month into pulsatile GnRH therapy. Gonadotropin and testosterone levels, testicular size, and sperm count were compared between the two subgroups before and after GnRH therapy. Among all patients, LH increased from 0.4 ± 0.5 IU l-1 to 7.5 ± 4.4 IU l-1 and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) increased from 1.1 ± 0.9 IU l-1 to 8.8 ± 5.3 IU l-1. A Cox regression analysis showed that basal testosterone level (β = 0.252, P = 0.029) and triptorelin-stimulated FSH60min(β = 0.518, P = 0.01) were two favorable predictors for pituitary response to GnRH therapy. Nine patients (9/82, 11.0%) with low LH response to GnRH therapy were classified into the poor LH response subgroup. After pulsatile GnRH therapy, total serum testosterone level was 39 ± 28 ng dl-1 versus 248 ± 158 ng dl-1 (P = 0.001), and testicular size was 4.0 ± 3.1 ml versus 7.9 ± 4.5 ml (P = 0.005) in the poor and normal LH response subgroups, respectively. It is concluded that higher levels of triptorelin-stimulated FSH60minand basal total serum testosterone are favorable predictors of pituitary LH response to GnRH therapy.

Re-evaluation of ABO gene polymorphisms detected in a genome-wide association study and risk of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in a Chinese population / 癌症

Pancreatic cancer is a fatal malignancy with an increasing incidence in Shanghai, China. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) and other work have shown that ABO alleles are associated with pancreatic cancer risk. We conducted a population-based case-control study involving 256 patients with pathologically confirmed pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and 548 healthy controls in Shanghai, China, to assess the relationships between GWAS-identified ABO alleles and risk of PDAC. Carriers of the C allele of rs505922 had an increased cancer risk [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.42, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02-1.98] compared to TT carriers. The T alleles of rs495828 and rs657152 were also significantly associated with an elevated cancer risk (adjusted OR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.17-2.14; adjusted OR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.09-2.10). The rs630014 variant was not associated with risk. We did not find any significant gene-environment interaction with cancer risk using a multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) method. Haplotype analysis also showed that the haplotype CTTC was associated with an increased risk of PDAC (adjusted OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.12-1.91) compared with haplotype TGGT. GWAS-identified ABO variants are thus also associated with risk of PDAC in the Chinese population.

Association of CCK and CCKAR gene polymorphisms with genetic susceptibilities of biliary tract cancer and cholelithiasis / 肿瘤

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the gene polymorphisms of cholecystokinin (CCK) and cholecystokinin A receptor (CCKAR) and genetic susceptibilities of biliary tract cancer and cholelithiasis in a Chinese population from Shanghai. Methods: A population-based case-control study was carried out in 253 cases of gallbladder cancer, 133 cases of extrahepatic bile duct cancer, 53 cases of cancer of Vater's ampulla, 440 cases of biliary stones, and 445 population controls. The genotypings of CCK rs747455 and CCKAR rs1800856 were performed by Real-time PCR. Results: Non-stone cases carrying the CCK rs747455 CT genotype reduced the risk of ampulla cancer, compared with the carriers of CC genotype [odds ratio (OR)=0.31, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.10-0.96], and this association was still significant after Bonferroni correction (P=0.042). The drinkers who carrying TT or CT genotype increased the risk of cholelithiasis, compared with the carriers of CC genotype (OR=2.81, 95% CI=1.08-7.29; OR=2.93, 95% CI=1.03-8.33), but this association was not significant after Bonferroni correction (P=0.061). The genotyping of CCKAR rs1800856 was not associated with the risk of biliary tract cancer and cholelithiasis. Conclusion: CCK rs74745 gene polymorphism may be correlated to the susceptibilities of biliary tract cancer and cholelithiasis in a Chinese population form Shanghai, China. Copyright© 2011 by the Editorial Board of Tumor.

Isolation and purification of water-soluble polysaccharide MP-I from Mytilus coruscus and study on its in vitro anti-tumor activity / 第二军医大学学报

Objective: To separate and purify polysaccharide MP- I from Mytilus coruscus and to investigate its in vitro anti-tumor activity. Methods: The crude polysaccharide was extracted from Mytilus coruscus with hot water and the protein was removed using Sevage method. The polysaccharide MP- I was purified using DEAE-Sepharose and Sepharose CL-6B column chromatography. Monosaccharides analysis was carried out using thin-layer chromatography and gas chromatography. The in vitro anti-tumor activity of MP- I was assessed using MTT method. Results: The yield of MP- I was 2.14%. MP- I is mainly constituted by glucose. MP- I (at 0.5, 0.1, 0.02 mg/ml) had different degrees of inhibitory effects on HO-8910, MCF-7, K562, and SMMC-7721 tumor cells in vitro (P<0.01). The inhibitory rates of MP- I at 0. 5 mg/ml against HO-8910 and MCF-7 cells were 30.55% and 36.38%, respectively. Conclusion: Polysaccharide MP- I is mainly constituted by glucose and it has inhibitory effect on tumor cell lines HO-8910, MCF-7, K562, and SMMC-7721 in vitro.

The effects of neuropeptides on the regulations of gastric mucosal blood flow in central nervous system and periphery in rats / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>To investigate the effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), gastrin 17 (G17), bombesin (Bom), met-enkephalin (Met-enk), neuropeptide Y (NPY) and somatostatin (SS) on GMBF and the role of endogenous NO in increased GMBF induced by neuropeptides in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>By hydrogen gas clearance technique to measure gastric mucosal blood flow (GMBF) and arterial infusion close to stomach or intracerebroventricular (icv) to microinject neuropeptides.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) Arterial infusions of CGRP and G17 (5, 50 and 100 pmol x min(-1)) increased GMBF significantly in dose-dependent manners. CGRP had more effective effect on increasing GMBF than that of G17. Intravenous pretreatment of L-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) to inhibit the synthesis of endogenous NO could abolish completely or partially the increases in GMBF response to CGRP or G17 respectively. (2) Arterial infusions of Bom and Met-enk (50 and 100 pmol x min(-1)) increased GMBF significantly. The increases in GMBF induced by Bom or Met-enk were abolished completely or partially by pretreatment of L-NAME respectively. (3) Arterial infusion of NPY (5, 50 and 100 pmol x min(-1)) led to reduction of GMBF significantly in a dose-dependent manner. SS (50 and 100 pmol x min(-1)) also reduced GMBF significantly. (4) icv microinjection of CGRP (10 microg) and G17 (10 Microg) increased GMBF significantly. The increases in GMBF induced by icv microinjection of CGRP or G17 were blocked completely or partially respectively by pretreatments with L-NAME. (5) icv microinjection of NPY (10 microg) decreased GMBF significantly.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Neuropeptides play important roles in the regulation of GMBF in rats and NO is involved in the increase of GMBF induced by some neuropeptides.</p>