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Objective To understand the clinical features and prognosis of children with severe viral encephalitis (SVE), evaluate the related factors affecting prognosis. Methods Clinical data of 102 children with SVE in pediatric neurological ward and pediatric intensive care unit in Hunan Children's Hospital between January 2014 and January 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. According to prognosis, children were divided into good prognosis group(n =24, children's Glasgow outcome scale[CGOS]: 4 — 5) and poor prognosis group(n = 78, CGOS: 1 - 3), clinical data of two groups of children were compared, risk factors affecting the prognosis of SVE children were analyzed. Results In good prognosis group, 15 cases were cured and 9 had mild sequelae; in poor prognosis group, 14 cases died, 25 had severe sequelae, and 39 had moderate sequelae. The duration of fever and length of hospital stay in good prognosis group were both shorter than poor prognosis group, difference was statistically significant (both P く0.05). Multivariate unconditioned logistic regression analysis showed that adverse factors for prognosis of SVE were as follows: convulsive status, respiratory failure, longer fever period(＞5 days), severely abnormal electroen-cephalogram(EEG), head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesions involving more than two sites or lesions involving the infratentorial, and stress hyperglycemia, odds ratio(OR) were 13.468, 4.580, 2.378, 10.196, 3.012, and 6.316 respectively. Conclusion SVE is a serious threat to quality of children's life, convulsive status, respiratory failure, longer fever period, severely abnormal EEG, head MRI lesions involving more than two sites or lesions involving the infratentorial, and stress hyperglycemia are risk factors for prognosis of SVE in children.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Age, body weight and dose have been shown as important influencing factors for sodium valproate plasma concentrations. However it is unclear whether there is interaction among them and whether the interaction could influence sodium valproate plasma concentrations. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of age, body weight and dose on plasma concentrations of sodium valproate and the interaction among them.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and thirty-two children with epilepsy (age: 4 months-6 years, weight: 5-25 kg) were enrolled. Sodium valproate was administered at the dosage of 10-30 mg/kg/d. Plasma concentrations of sodium valproate were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography 3-5 days after administration. The relationship of sodium valproate plasma concentrations with age, body weight, and dose of sodium valproate was examined using variance analysis, pearson correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Age (F=8.630, P<0.01), body weight (F=3.650, P<0.05) and dose of sodium valproate (F=11.720, P<0.01) were influencing factors for sodium valproate plasma concentrations. The interaction between age and oral dose (F=2.484, P<0.05) and the interaction of age and body weight with oral dose (F=4.923, P<0.01) had significant effects on sodium valproate plasma concentrations. Stepwise regression analysis showed that dose of sodium valproate and body weight were entered to the regression equation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Age, body weight and dose of sodium valproate as well as the interactions between age and dose and between age, body weight and dose were influencing factors for valproate plasma concentrations.</p>