Protective Effects of Salvianolate on Myocardial Injury or Myocardial Infarction after Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in NSTE-ACS Patients: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the protective effects of salvianolate on percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) related myocardial injury or myocardial infarction after elective PCI in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) patients.@*METHODS@#A total of 149 patients with NSTE-ACS who underwent elective PCI were enrolled. The patients were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to the salvianolate group (74 cases) or the control group (75 cases). After exclusion criteria of coronary angiography, 60 patients with PCI therapy remained in the salvianolate group and 68 in the control group. The incidence and the severity of PCI related myocardial injury or myocardial infarction, in addition to major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) during 1 year follow-up after PCI were studied between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent factors for PCI related myocardial injury or myocardial infarction after elective PCI.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the control group, salvianolate treatment reduced the incidence of PCI related severe myocardial injury or myocardial infarction (11.7% vs. 26.5%, P=0.035). The rate of MACEs or all-cause death within 1 month or 1 year after the procedure was not significantly different between the two groups.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Periprocedural treatment with salvianolate reduces the incidence of PCI related severe myocardial injury or myocardial infarction, although it does not influence clinical prognosis. [Chinese clinical trial registry: ChiCTR1800016992].

Protective Effects of Salvianolate on Myocardial Injury or Myocardial Infarction after Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in NSTE-ACS Patients: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the protective effects of salvianolate on percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) related myocardial injury or myocardial infarction after elective PCI in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) patients.@*METHODS@#A total of 149 patients with NSTE-ACS who underwent elective PCI were enrolled. The patients were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to the salvianolate group (74 cases) or the control group (75 cases). After exclusion criteria of coronary angiography, 60 patients with PCI therapy remained in the salvianolate group and 68 in the control group. The incidence and the severity of PCI related myocardial injury or myocardial infarction, in addition to major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) during 1 year follow-up after PCI were studied between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent factors for PCI related myocardial injury or myocardial infarction after elective PCI.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the control group, salvianolate treatment reduced the incidence of PCI related severe myocardial injury or myocardial infarction (11.7% vs. 26.5%, P=0.035). The rate of MACEs or all-cause death within 1 month or 1 year after the procedure was not significantly different between the two groups.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Periprocedural treatment with salvianolate reduces the incidence of PCI related severe myocardial injury or myocardial infarction, although it does not influence clinical prognosis. [Chinese clinical trial registry: ChiCTR1800016992].

A Prospective Randomized Multicenter Controlled Trial on Salvianolate for Treatment of Unstable Angina Pectoris in A Chinese Elderly Population / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the efficacy and safety of salvianolate in elderly patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP).@*METHODS@#A prospective double-blind randomized placebo-controlled multicenter trial in elderly patients with UAP from 13 third-grade class-A hospitals in China was performed. A total of 318 patients were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to an experimental group (160 patients) and a control group (158 patients). The experimental group was treated with salvianolate for 14 days on the basis of conventional medicine, and the control group was given a placebo for 14 days with the same criteria. Follow-up was lasted 28 days in both groups. The primary endpoint was biweekly frequency of angina pectoris attacks. The secondary endpoints included biweekly dosage of nitroglycerin, the Seattle Angina Questionnaire, angina pectoris severity and duration, myocardial injury markers, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), as well as major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). Safety was assessed according to adverse events and serious adverse events.@*RESULTS@#Baseline characteristics were similar between treatment groups. Compared with those in the control group, the frequency of biweekly angina attacks (2.92 vs . 4.08, P=0.025), the biweekly dosage of nitroglycerin, as well as the severity and duration of angina attacks (P<0.01) were reduced by salvianolate. The Seattle Angina Questionnaire score was also significantly improved in the experimental group than in the control group (P<0.05). No significant differences were observed between the two groups with respect to the incidence of MACEs. Salvianolate was well tolerated.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Salvianolate appear to have efficacy and well tolerated for elderly patients with UAP. [ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03037047].

Dynamic distribution of the avian infectious bronchitis virus isolate strain Jin-13 in SPF chickens / 病毒学报

This study aimed to understand the dynamic distribution of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) Jin-13 strain in SPF chickens. Ninety-day-old SPF chickens were inoculated with Jin-13, a virulent strain, and dissected at day 1, 4, 7, 10, 14, 21, 28 or 35 post-inoculation (dpi). Samples of heart, liver, spleen, lung, trachea, kidney and duodenum were collected and the N gene was detected by Sybr Green I real-time quantitative RT-PCR assays. The established method had a good linear correlation from 7.77 x 10(8) to 10(0) copies/microL. SPF chickens developed typical clinical signs of IBV at the 4th dpi, and the IBV viral concentration of tissues and organs gradually increased with a peak of up to 7.13 x 10(4) copies/microL. The viral concentration of most organs decreased by the 10th dpi, but those of the kidney, trachea and lung remained positive for IBV at 28 dpi and the heart was still positive for IBV at > 35 dpi. The results of this study, showed that the Jin-13 strain can cause prolonged virus excertion in chickens with severe renal damage.

Protective effect of Chinese herbs for supplementing qi, nourishing yin and activating blood circulation on heart function of patients with acute coronary syndrome after percutaneous coronary intervention / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of Chinese herbs for supplementing qi, nourishing yin and activating blood circulation on heart function of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) after successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred patients with ACS after successful PCI were randomly assigned to a Western medicine (WM) treatment group (WMG) and a combined treatment group (CMG) treated by Chinese herbs for supplementing qi, nourishing yin and activating blood circulation, besides Western medicine treatment, with 50 cases in each group. Both treatment courses were 6 months. The followup was scheduled at baseline, 6 months and 1 year after PCI, and New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class, Chinese medicine (CM) symptom scores, blood stasis syndrome scores, and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were observed, serum levels of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and hyper-sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP) were measured, an echocardiogram was conducted to examine left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV), inter-ventricular septal thickness (IVST), left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT), and ventricular wall motion index (VWMI).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the baseline, LVEF significantly increased (P<0.01), and CM symptom scores, blood stasis syndrome scores, VWMI, LVEDV, LVESV, NT-proBNP, and Hs-CRP all decreased (P<0.01) in both groups at 6 months and at 1 year after PCI. There were no significant differences in all the above parameters at 1 year vs those at 6 months after PCI (P>0.05). VWMI, LVEDV, LVESV, NT-proBNP, Hs-CRP, LVEF, and CM symptom and blood stasis syndrome scores were all improved obviously in CMG than those in WMG (P<0.05 or P<0.01) at 6 months and at 1 year after PCI. There were no significant differences in NYHA functional class between CMG and WMG at different follow-up timepoints; it was notable that value was 0.054 when comparing the cases of NYHA functional class between the two groups at 1-year follow-up. During the 1-year follow-up, 3 MACE and 11 MACE occurred in CMG and WMG, respectively; the MACE rate in CMG was lower than that in WMG (6% vs 22%, P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Chinese herbs for supplementing qi, nourishing yin and activating blood circulation could improve heart function, reduce the CM symptom scores and blood stasis syndrome scores, and decrease the incidence of MACE in patients with ACS after successful PCI.</p>

hTERT single nucleotide polymorphism is associated with increased risks of hepatocellular carcinoma and tumor metastasis / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of hTERT single nucleotide polymorphisms on the development and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 290 male patients were divided into hepatitis-induced primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) group (n%162), metastatic HCC group (n%22), and control group (n%106). hTERT gene was amplified and hTERT single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were tested in these subjects.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Significant differences were found in rs2853690 and rs10069690 distribution, but the difference in rs6554743 remained uncertain. The C and T alleles of rs10069690 and rs6554743 showed significant differences between the 3 groups; the carriers of non-T allele of rs10069690 had higher frequencies in both primary and metastatic HCC groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Some of the polymorphisms of hTERT may increase the risks of development and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma.</p>

Effect of ginsenoside Rb1 on immune maturation of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To examine the effect of ginsenoside Rb1 (GRb1) on the immune maturation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OX-LDL).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Human monocytes purified by CD14+ immuno-magnetic beads were differentiated and induced into immature DCs, which were randomly divided into 6 groups, Group A treated with PBS, Group B treated with OX-LDL, Group C and D treated respectively with GRb1 and ciglitazone, Group E and F were pretreated with the two testing drugs respectively followed by OX-LDL. The immuno-phenotypic expression (CD40, CD1a, and HLA-DR) and endocytosis function of DCs were examined using flow cytometry, the concentration of interleukin-12 (IL-12) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in the culture supernatants were measured with ELISA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with Group B, Group E showed significantly lowered immuno-phenotypic expression of DCs in terms of CD40 (67.4 +/- 1.62 vs. 145.69 +/- 14.86), CD1a (79.64 +/- 3.04 vs. 159.89 +/- 6.09), and HLA-DR (46.43 +/- 2.85 vs. 99.33 +/- 17.11), as well as higher endocytosis level (88.13% +/- 1.06% vs. 25.90% +/- 5.77%, all P < 0.01). Meantime, the serum levels of IL-12 (88.65 +/- 5.59 ng/L vs. 716.69 +/- 36.35 ng/L) and TNF-alpha (133.27 +/- 11.98 ng/L vs. 968.10 +/- 36.42 ng/L) obviously decreased (P < 0.01). The surface molecular expression of DCs and the secretion of inflammatory factors in Group F also obviously decreased, showing insignificant difference from Group E (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>GRb1 could obviously inhibit the OX-LDL-induced maturation of DCs, showing similar effects to ciglitazone.</p>

Pharmacokinetics of aminophylline delivered to the small intestine and colon using remote controlled capsules / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>A patented remote controlled capsule (RCC) has recently been developed to provide noninvasive drug delivery to selected sites in the human gut that allows assessment of regional gastrointestinal (GI) drug absorption under a normal physiological environment. The objective of this study was to investigate the rate and extent of aminophylline absorption after site-specific delivery of the drug in the GI tract using RCC and a magnetic marker monitoring (MMM) technique.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This study was conducted in twelve healthy male subjects, in a three-treatment, randomized, crossover manner with a 7-day washout. Eligible subjects received a 150 mg aminophylline dose through an oral administration, or via a remote controlled capsule, delivered to the small bowel or ascending colon. MMM was employed to monitor the GI transit of the RCC, and the radio-frequency signal was used to activate capsules at target sites. Blood samples were obtained at regular intervals until 24 hours post dose/activation. Plasma theophylline concentrations were measured by a TDx System Analyzer. A comparison of the PK profile with the oral dosing route of aminophylline was performed after delivery to the small bowel and colon.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The RCC was well tolerated in volunteers. The mean capsule activation time for the small bowel and ascending colon was 2.07 hours and 6.08 hours post dose. Aminophylline had similar absorption profiles from the small bowel compared with the stomach, with an area under the curve (AUC(t)) ratio of 92% vs. the stomach, but a lower absorption profile from the ascending colon, with an AUC(t) ratio of 47.2% vs. the stomach.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The proprietary of the RCC and MMM technique offer the opportunity to obtain data on the intestinal absorption of a drug in humans under noninvasive conditions. Aminophylline is rapidly and efficiently absorbed from the small bowel. While colonic absorption was limited by the poor water condition although effective absorption was observed from the ascending colon. This provides an opportunity for rational development of modified-release formulations as well as alternative dosage forms.</p>

Comparative research and follow-up study on treatment of spastic cerebral palsy with Jiaji (EX-B2) point needling / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the clinical effects of Jiaji (EX-B2) needling for treatment of spastic cerebral palsy (SCP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-two SCP patients were randomized into two groups, the treatment group treated by needling, and the control group treated by sham-acupuncture, once every day for 60 times totally. The clinical effect was assessed with scoring by the modified Ashworth's scale (MAS), gross motor function measuring scale (GMFM) and WeeFIM at the end of treatment (T1), half-year (T2) and 1-year (T3) after treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Clinical effectiveness assessment showed that MAS scores in the treatment group reduced significantly and steadily at all the time points (P < 0.01), while in the control group, it reduced significantly at T1 (P < 0.01), but raised again at T2 and T3 to higher than that in the treatment group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), approaching the baseline level (P > 0.05). GMFM and WeeFIM scores increased in both groups at all the three assessing time points (P < 0.01), but the increments in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group respectively (P < 0.01, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Jiaji (EX-B2) needling could achieve good clinical therapeutic effects on SCP.</p>

An analysis of the cause and countermeasure of death of patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the causes and countermeasures of death of severe obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) patients undergoing tests or treatment.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective study of the data of six patients with severe OSAHS who died undergoing tests or treatment in 6 hospitals was conducted.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the 6 patients, overly fat were found in 2 cases, hypertension in 2 cases, cardiac diseases in 2 cases, abnormal pulmonary function or chest X-ray in 2 cases, diabetes in 2 cases, while 2 cases had no above positive finding. Three patients did not have polysomnography (PSG). One patient died during PSG test. Two patients' apnea hypopnea index (AHI) were 56 times/h and 82 times/h respectively. The causes of death were as follows, two patients died of airway obstruction and unsuccessful tracheal intubation before uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) operation. One died of encephaledema in long-term coma due to airway obstruction, long time poor oxygenation and unsuccessful tracheal intubation with muscle relaxants before hemostasis procedure for treating postoperative hemorrhage. One patient whose preoperative pulmonary function showed increased airway resistance died of cardiac and respiratory arrest after tracheal extubation when UPPP surgery finished. One who was found to have potential cardiac and pulmonary disorder died of cardiac arrest when doctors were replacing his tracheal intubation with a cannula, before the tube replacing procedure the patient was conscious. One who had hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus and adiposis suffering from respiratory acidosis with his electrocardiogram showing a level-three heart function died of cardiac arrest with repeated apnea during PSG monitoring.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>OSAHS patients with severe complications should be treated extremely carefully. The indication of surgery should be strictly observed. OSAHS patients can not undergo surgery until their cardiopulmonary functions and general conditions are improved.</p>

Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome: surgical complications and strategy for avoidance / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the surgical complications in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and discuss the risk factors and preliminary strategies for prevention of complications.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From September 1998 to March 2007, 653 OSAHS patients confirmed by polysomnography were treated by different surgical approaches according to their obstructive sites, which included uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) in 586 cases, nasal surgery in 104 cases/times, hyoid suspension surgery in 53 cases/times, respectively or at the same time. Local anesthesia was used in 294 cases and general anesthesia in 359 cases. Two hundreds and seventeen cases were treated by continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) 3 to 7 days pre-operation and 2 to 3 days post-operation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Perioperative complications were found in 57 OSAHS cases (93 times), the incidence of peri-operative complications was 8.7% (57/653), including respiratory problems in 19 cases/times and 1 death occurred during inducing stage in general anesthesia. Profuse bleeding was encountered in 9 cases/times during operation and primary and secondary bleeding in 27 cases/times, cardiopathy and hypertension crisis in 31 cases/times and cerebral stroke and hemiplegia in 1 case, reactive somnolence in 3 cases/times and reactive hyperglycemia in 3 cases/times. Data were analyzed by the multivariate logistic regression model. The results showed that the complications were significantly reduced after CPAP treatment during peri-operative stage and increased accompanied with patients' hypertension, choice of general anesthesia, BMI and AHI. All patients were followed-up more than 1 year. After UPPP, 23.9% cases (140/586) had sensation of foreign body in pharynx and alleviated in 6 to 12 months. Scar tissues in oropharynx in 7 cases, nasopharyngeal stenosis in 1 case, atrophy rhinitides and atrophy pharyngitis in 3 cases, nasopharyngeal un-closure and long-term nasopharyngeal reflex in 3 cases. Conclusions Peri-operative complications are more common in obese and severe OSAHS patients, especially when they accompanied with hypertension. The corresponding strategies should be taken to reduce complications in OSAHS surgery, which include controlling the hypertension effectively, performing CPAP treatment actively, cooperating with interdisciplinary doctors, monitoring closely after operation. It is important to reduce surgical sequelae through improving surgical skills and not enlarging the surgical scale blindly.</p>

Establishment of a diabetic-hypertensive rat model / 药学学报

This study is to establish a diabetic-hypertensive model in rats. After the induction of diabetes by streptozocin (STZ), rats were maintained with free access to rat chow and 1% NaCl drinking water. Blood pressure was monitored at conscious state by tail-cuff weekly till it was 50 mmHg higher than normal animal steadily. Finally, blood pressure was measured by catheterization of the right carotid artery and plasma ET-1 and Ang II, kidney Ang II and angiotensinogen or preproendothelin gene expression in liver or aorta were assayed separately. STZ-diabetic rats that maintained with 1% NaCl drinking water exhibited obviously increasing blood pressure since the third week. Then the pressure reached 150 mmHg at the 6th week and was maintained until the 11th week. Till the 12th week, the blood pressure reached to higher than 160 mmHg. In addition, these high blood pressure rats were accompanied with increased blood plasma ET-1 and Ang II and augmented gene expression levels of angiotensinogen in kidneys and preproendothelin in aorta tissues. Loading sodium chloride chronically to STZ-diabetic rats could prepare a diabetic-hypertensive rat model.

Histopathology research of Cinnamaldehyde as pulp-cap of pulpotomy in rats / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the stimulation of Cinnamaldehyde to the pulp tissue and the periapical tissue of rats' teeth, to provide evidence for developing Cinnamaldehyde as a pulp-cap of pulpotomy in primary teeth.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using Cinnamaldehyde as pulp-cap in pulpotomy of rats' teeth, set up Cinnamaldehyde group, formaldehyde cresol formocresol group and blank group. After different treatment according to the empirical procedure, rats were killed in the 4th week and on the 12th week. Then the experiment teeth and the periodontal tissue were made into HE slides and observed using light microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The 4" week, internal absorption, external absorption, and calcification were of no significance among all the groups. Inflammation in blank group was far more severe than that in other two groups (P<0.05), while the latter two were of no significance. The 12th week, internal absorption, external absorption, and inflammation between the former two groups were of no differences, but the indexes were significantly different from them of the blank group (P<0.005). Calcify was not obvious in all the slides.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>As a pulp-cap, Cinnamaldehyde stimulates the pulp tissue and the periapical tissue at a very low level. The research provides histopathology rationale for Cinnamaldehyde as pulp-cap of pulpotomy in primary teeth.</p>

Quantitative study of effects of cinnamaldehyde on levels of endotoxin in root canals in rats' periapical periodontitis model / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To provide experimental evidence for the exploitation of cinnamaldehyde as a kind of root canal disinfectant through studying the effect of cinnamaldehyde on endotoxin in root canals.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This experimental model of periapical periodontitis was established with Wistar rats. The 75 rats were divided randomly into 3 groups: Group of cinnamaldehyde, group of formaldehyde cresol formocresol, group of physiological saline. The level of endotoxin was measured by quantitative chromogenic tachypleus amebocyte lysate method before and after sealing the drugs in the root canal.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The level of endotoxin in the group of cinnamaldehyde and formaldehyde cresol formocresol decreased obviously (P < 0.05), and the difference between them was of no significance (P > 0.05), the group of physiological saline was of no significant difference (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Cinnamaldehyde can decrease the level of endotoxin obviously.</p>

Determination of the fluorine release of fluoride varnishes by neutron activation method / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the fluorine content in enamel before and after besmearing fluoride varnishes by neutron activation method.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A pair of mandibular deciduous central incisor teeth were chosen. One was removed, and the other was besmeared with fluoride varnishes and removed 24 hours later. The contents of fluorine were determined and analyzed statistically.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The fluorine content in the enamel of the tooth besmeared with fluoride varnishes was higher than that in the control tooth (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The application of the fluoride varnishes can effectively increase the content of fluorine in the sclerous tissues.</p>

Quality of life survey in children with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome before and after operation / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the influence of OSAHS in quality of life (QOL) for children and its changes before and after surgery.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Pediatric OSAHS disease-specific quality of life survey (OSA-18) and polysomnography (PSG) were used to analysis in 54 cases within 4 weeks before surgery. They were treated by tonsillectomy in 8 cases and adenoid tonsillectomy in 32 cases, adenoidectomy alone in 14 cases and were followed up in 12 to 18 months post-operation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The impact of pediatric OSAHS on QOL was severe in 61.11% patients. There were significant statistically correlation between OSA-18 and AHI, LSaO2 before surgery. After surgery, the total scores of QOL were improved in 75.92% cases in general. The domains of sleep disturbance in 88.89% cases, caregiver concerns in 74.07% and physical suffering in 70.37% were significantly improved, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Pediatric OSAHS had severely influenced in quality of life of children. There are significant correlations between the survey in quality of life of pediatric OSAHS (OSA-18) and the objective data in PSG. OSA-18 can be a valuable measure in clinical diagnosis and treatment follow-up.</p>

Primary evaluation of the indications of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the indications of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) and clinical staging for oropharyngeal narrow in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Sixty-six OSAHS patients were retrospectively analyzed, the data of physical examination and clinical staging for oropharyngeal narrow were built based on body mass index (BMI), palate-tongue position, tonsil sizes and hypertrophy degree in lateral side of oropharynx. The patients who had palatine-tongue position in degree 1 to 2 (no significant tongue enlargement) were defined as stage I (32 cases). The patients who had palatine-tongue position in degree 3 to 4 (tongue enlargement) were defined as stage II (34 cases). Among them, the patients with tonsil sizes 0 to 1 were stage I a (5 cases) and stage IIa (10 cases), another group with tonsil size 2 to 4 were stage I b (27 cases) and stage II b (24 cases), respectively. The indications of UPPP were evaluated according to the results of polysomnography (PSG) before and after operation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>PSG in 1 to 2 years after operation showed: the surgical efficiency of UPPP had not any difference (P > 0.05) among different groups with the severity of OSAHS(labeled in preoperational AHI and LSaO2). Surgical results was better in patients with BMI < 30 kg/m2 (P = 0.023). Success of operation was defined as postoperational AHI <20/h and reduced more than 50% compared to preoperational AHI and symptoms alleviated significantly. Successful rates of UPPP in stage I b (70.4%, 19/27 cases) were statistically higher than that of other groups (I a:0%; I b:70. 4%; II a:20.0%; II b: 16.7%).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Clinical staging system for oropharyngeal narrow is based on palate-tongue position and tonsil size. It is helpful to choose the surgical indications of UPPP for patients with OSAHS. It is the best UPPP indication for stage I b patients who had no tongue enlargement (palatine-tongue position 1 to 2) and accompanied with enlargement of tonsil size (in degree 2 to 4) and their sleep breathing disorder could be alleviated through UPPP.</p>

Relationship of variation 3057 G-->A of exon 20 of leptin receptor gene to lipid metabolism and fat distribution of children with obesity / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the relationship of the variation of exon 20 of leptin receptor (LEPR) gene to the lipid metabolism and fat distribution of the children with obesity.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were used to analyze the variation of exon 20 of the LEPR gene of the obesity group(72 obesity children) and the control group(60 healthy children). At the same time, all childrens' serum triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), height and weight were measured, and their body mass index(BMI) and fat percent(%fat) were calculated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Three genotypes of exon 20 of LEPR gene were detected in this study. Compared with the control, the frequency of gene variation at 3057 nucleotide G-->A transversion was higher(P<0.05). The concentration of serum TG and the BMI and %fat of the A/A genotype obesity children were higher than those of the G/G genotype ones(P<0.01) but the level of serum HDL of the A/A children were lower than that of the G/G children (P<0.01). As to the G/A genotype children, only their serum TG level was higher than that of the G/G genotype ones(P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The above findings indicated there were polymorphisms in the children with obesity, and those polymorphisms might remarkably affect their lipid metabolism and fat distribution.</p>

Expression of Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand-Related Molecule-1A in Mice with Viral Myocarditis and Role of Astragaloside / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To explore the expression of tumor necrosis factor(TNF) ligand-related molecule-1A(TL1A) in mice with viral myocarditis(VM) and the role of astragaloside.Methods Fifty-five male Balb/c mice were randomly divided into 4 groups:control group,model group,low-dose intervention group and high-dose intervention group.Mice in model group,low-dose intervention group and high-dose intervention group were inoculated with 0.1 mL coxsackie B3 virus intraperitoneally.Then,mice in low-dose intervention group and high-dose intervention group were treated with 10 g?L-1 and 90 g?L-1 astragaloside solution,respectively.Mice in control group and model group were treated with 0.1 mL carboxymethycellulose solution.All mice were killed on the 15thday.Histological cross sections of heart were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and myocardial histopathologic scores were counted under optical microscope.The expressions of myocardial TL1A mRNA and protein were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry.Results The mortality were 0,46.7%,40.0% and 13.3% in control group,model group,low-dose intervention group and high-dose intervention group,respectively.Compared with model group and low-dose intervention group,the mortality was significantly lower in high-dose intervention group(?2=9.46,8.95,Pa

Detection of the anti-SARS-coronavirus specific antibody levels in 156 SARS patients / 中国实验血液学杂志

The objective of this study was to explore the development of IgG and IgM against SARS CoV and characteristics of changes of antibody titers in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and to search the opportunity for collecting specific anti-serum from convalescent patients with SARS. The anti-SARS-coronavirus specific antibody levels in 156 SARS patients were measured with ELISA. The results showed that the total positive rates of IgG and IgM were 75.6% and 41.7% respectively, and the negative rate of both IgG and IgM was 23.7%. The average titers of IgG and IgM antibody in positive samples were 18.23 +/- 24.72 and 2.18 +/- 1.13, respectively. There was no significant correlation between the titers of IgG/IgM and sex, age, course of diseases and duration of body temperature recovery. It was concluded that not all SARS patients could produce the anti-SARS-coronavirus specific antibody. The titers of the anti-body are diversified even if the antibodies have been emerged in them. In order to obtain effective anti-serum, the titers of antibody must be tested just before collection of convalescent serum, and it ensures the therapeutic effect and provides a measurable index for clinical transfusion.