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OBJECTIVE To sort out reform policy for basic medical insurance designated retail pharmacy （referred to as designated retail pharmacy） in China， and to provide reference for the improvement of the policy under the new situation of mutual- aid mechanism for covering outpatient bills. METHODS The policy texts on designated retail pharmacies issued by ministries and commissions of the State Council and departments directly under the State Council were collected from December 1998 to June 2023. The content analysis and social network analysis were adopted to construct a three-dimensional analytical framework based on the policy subject， the policy tool， and the policy process， in order to quantitatively analyze the policies on reforming designated retail pharmacies. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS The reform policy of designated retail pharmacies can be roughly divided into three stages： germination， exploration and development， and in-depth promotion. The use of policy tools is dominated by environment-oriented tools， and the cooperation network of policy subjects presents a “head-body-tail” chain structure. With the advancement of policy reforms， the number of policy subjects showed a trend of decline followed by growth， the number of policy documents showed an upward trend， emphasizing the use of tools such as the construction of the pharmacist system， the flow of prescriptions， the payment of medical insurance， and the management of “dual-channels” and “outpatient co-ordination”. It is suggested that in terms of policy formulation， all policy subjects should adhere to top-level design， grasp the characteristics of the stage of policy development， and adjust the use of policy tools according to local and timely conditions； we should also strengthen cooperation and communication， improve policy formulation efficiency， achieve policy coordination， and continuously improve policies for designated retail pharmacies.
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OBJECTIVE：To provide reference for pharmaceutical enterprises to better fulfill their social responsibilities . METHODS：Taking the pharmaceutical enterprises listed in Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets as the research objects ，the social responsibility texts and environmental protection texts of the included enterprises from 2017 to 2019 were classified and analyzed according to the three dimensions of time ，ownership and drug production type by using ROST Content Mining 6.0 software. The semantic network and node centrality were analyzed. RESULTS ：From the social responsibility texts of the included enterprises，it could be seen that from the perspective of time dimension ，the included enterprises paid more attention to “employees”，“social responsibility ”and“development”in 2017-2019，and the high-frequency words in the three years were relatively stable. From the perspective of ownership ，state-owned holding enterprises paid more attention to “development”and “targeted poverty reduction ”，while private holding enterprises paid more attention to “employees”，and collective holding enterprises paid more attention to “social responsibility ”. From the perspective of drug production type ，the word frequency of “targeted poverty reduction ”of TCM pharmaceutical enterprises was higher. From the environmental protection texts of the included enterprises，it could be seen that from the time dimension ，the included enterprises paid more and more attention to environmental protection in recent years ，and the description of environmental protection in the texts was more detailed. From the perspective of ownership，private holding enterprises paid more attention to environmental protection than collective holding enterprises and state-owned enterprises. From the perspective of drug production type ，due to the different types of drugs ，chemical drugs ，TCM， biological drugs and active pharmaceutical ingredients enterprises had their own characteristics in pollutants and their treatment processes. The results of semantic network and node centrality analysis showed that ，“development”，“protection” and “targeted poverty reduction ”were three high-frequency words with high centrality in the semantic analysis network of social responsibility text ，the middle centrality was 5.555，1.695，1.521 respectively；“emission”and“testing”were two key words with high centrality in the semantic analysis network of environmental protection texts ，the middle centrality was 3.856， 1.914 respectively，which further reflected that the included enterprises paid more attention to the above issues in terms of social responsibility performance and environmental protection. CONCLUSIONS ：The listed pharmaceutical enterprises have a broad consensus on social responsibility in China ，and have well fulfilled their social responsibility ，which is well combined with the current social hot spots. For environmental protection ，as a high pollution industry ，the pharmaceutical enterprises also performs the responsibility of environmental protection.
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Objective To explore the changes of urinary deoxypyridinoline and its clinical significance in bedridden fracture-patients with long-term treatment. Methods Thirty-seven bedridden fracture-patients with long-term treatment(22 males and 15 females) and thirty healthy subjects(15 males and 15 females) were selected for analyzing the levels of serum calcium(Ca), phosphate(P), total serum alkaline phosphatase(AKP),urinary calcium/creatinine ratio(Ca/Cr) and urinary deoxypyridinoline(DPD). Results The concentration of serum calcium and phosphate in the patients was significantly lower than that in the healthy subjects (P