RESUMEN
Objective:To investigate the effect of high glucose on intracellular cholesterol content in rat glomerular mesangial cells and the underlying mechanism.Methods:Rat glomerular mesangial cells were cultured in vitro and divided into high glucose culture group (high glucose group, medium glucose concentration of 30 mmol/L) and normal glucose culture group (normal group, medium glucose concentration of 5.5 mmol/L). Lipid content was determined by oil red O staining and spectrophotometer colorimetry at 24, 36 and 48 h of culture. Intracellular protein imprinting was used to detect the expression of low density lipoprotein cholesterol receptor (LDLR) and adenosine triphosphate binding cassette A1 (ABCA1). Results:Oil red O staining showed that the intracellular lipid drops in the high glucose group were less than those in the normal group at 36 h, and there was no significant difference between the two groups at 24 h and 48 h of culture. The total cholesterol (TC) and cholesterol ester (CE) in glomerular mesangial cells of rats in the high glucose group were significantly lower than those in the normal group ( P=0.028, 0.029), while there was no significant difference in the free cholesterol (FC) between the two groups ( P=0.306). There was no significant difference in TC, CE and FC between the two groups at 24 and 48 h of culture (all P>0.05). The expression of LDLR in mesangial cells of rats in high glucose group was significantly lower than that in normal group at 24, 36 and 48 h of culture ( P=0.043, 0.004, 0.028), and the expression of ABCA1 was significantly higher than that in normal group at 24, 36 and 48 h of culture, ( P=0.050, 0.009, 0.006). Conclusions:High glucose may reduce intracellular cholesterol content in rat glomerular mesangial cells by reducing LDLR protein expression and increasing ABCA1 protein expression.
RESUMEN
Objective:To investigate the characteristics and relationship between the location of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and the site of pulmonary embolism in hospitalized patients.Methods:The data of patients with lower extremity DVT diagnosed by ultrasound examination and pulmonary embolism diagnosed by CT pulmonary angiography from December 2017 to December 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. According to the location of lower extremity DVT, the patients were divided into mixed DVT, proximal DVT, and distal DVT which was further divided into anterior/posterior tibial vein or peroneal vein thrombosis and calf muscular venous thrombosis. Mixed DVT was referred to the presence of both proximal and distal DVT. According to the involved site of pulmonary artery, pulmonary embolism was divided into three types: main pulmonary artery, left or right pulmonary artery trunk embolism, lobar pulmonary artery embolism and segmental pulmonary artery embolism. The location of lower extremity DVT, the site of pulmonary embolism, the clinical manifestation (shortness of breath, chest tightness, chest pain, hemoptysis, cough, lower limb swelling, lower limb pain, syncope, fever) and risk factors (fracture/trauma, tumor, diabetes, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, infection, surgery, autoimmune diseases, paralysis, pregnancy) of venous thromboembolism (VTE), and the level of D-dimer were analyzed.Results:A total of 209 patients were enrolled finally, including 127 patients with left lower extremity DVT (60.8%) and 82 with right lower extremity DVT (39.2%). Mixed DVT accounted for 39.2%, proximal DVT accounted for 17.3%, and distal DVT accounted for 43.5% (anterior/posterior tibial vein and peroneal vein thrombosis accounted for 14.8%, calf muscular venous thrombosis accounted for 28.7%). The incidences of main pulmonary artery embolism, left or right pulmonary artery trunk embolism in the mixed DVT and proximal DVT were significantly higher than those in the anterior/posterior tibial vein or peroneal vein thrombosis and calf muscular venous thrombosis [41.5% (34/82), 38.8% (14/36) vs. 16.2% (5/31), 10.0% (6/60)], with statistically significant differences (all P < 0.05). The incidences of pulmonary segmental artery embolism in the anterior/posterior tibial vein or peroneal vein thrombosis were higher than those in the mixed DVT and proximal DVT [41.9% (13/31) vs. 26.8% (22/82), 30.6% (11/36)], but the difference was not statistically significant (both P > 0.05). The incidences of pulmonary segmental artery embolism in the calf muscular venous thrombosis were significantly higher than those in the mixed DVT and the proximal DVT [66.7% (40/60) vs. 26.8% (22/82), 30.6% (11/36)], and the difference was statistically significant (both P < 0.05). The levels of D-dimer in patients with calf muscular venous thrombosis combined with main pulmonary artery embolism, left or right pulmonary artery trunk embolism were significantly higher than those in patients with calf muscular venous thrombosis combined pulmonary segmental artery embolism (mg/L: 6.08±3.12 vs. 3.66±2.66, P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in D-dimer levels in other patients with DVT combined with pulmonary embolism in different sites. In terms of the clinical manifestations of VTE, the incidences of lower limb swelling in the mixed DVT and proximal DVT were significantly higher than those in the anterior/posterior tibial vein or peroneal vein thrombosis and calf muscular venous thrombosis [54.9% (45/82), vs. 29.0% (9/31), 15.0% (9/60), both P < 0.05], the incidences of lower limb swelling in the proximal DVT were significantly higher than those in the calf muscular venous thrombosis [41.7% (15/63) vs. 15.0% (9/60), P < 0.05], there were no significant difference in the other clinical manifestations among the DVT groups. There was no significant difference in the incidence of VTE risk factors among the groups. Conclusions:The DVT of inpatients mostly occurred in the left lower limb, and the incidence of distal DVT was higher than that of proximal DVT. Mixed DVT and proximal DVT combined with pulmonary embolism mostly occurred in the main pulmonary artery, left or right pulmonary artery trunk, while distal DVT combined with pulmonary embolism mostly occurred in the pulmonary segmental artery. The levels of D-dimer in patients with lower extremity DVT combined with main pulmonary artery or left and right pulmonary artery trunk embolism were higher than those in patients with pulmonary lobe and segmental artery embolism. The incidence of lower extremity swelling in patients with mixed DVT and proximal DVT was higher than that in patients with distal DVT.
RESUMEN
Objective:To investigate the protective effect of isorhamnetin on oxidative stress injury of HaCaT cells induced by H 2O 2. Methods:HaCaT cells were cultured in vitro and treated with different concentrations of H 2O 2 (300, 600, 900, 1 200 μmol/L) for 12 h. Cell proliferation activity was detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay; SOD activity was detected by superoxide dismutase (SOD) kit and malondialdehyde (MDA) content was detected by MDA assay. The oxidative stress model was established by the selection of suitable H 2O 2 concentration. HaCaT cells were pretreated with isorhamnetin at different concentrations for 12 h, and cell survival rate was detected by CCK-8 method to determine the safe concentration of isorhamnetin for subsequent experiments. HaCaT cells were pretreated with safe concentration of isorhamnetin for 12 h, and H 2O 2 was used to interfere with HaCaT cells for 12 h. Cell proliferation activity, SOD activity and MDA content were detected. Results:With the increase of H 2O 2 concentration, the cell survival rate decreased gradually, the SOD activity decreased gradually and MDA content increased gradually. Compared with the control group, the survival rate of 600, 900 and 1 200 μmol/L H 2O 2 groups was statistically significant ( P<0.05); The SOD activity and MDA content of H 2O 2 groups (300, 600, 900, 1 200 μmol/L) were significantly different from those of the control group ( P<0.05). The oxidative stress model of HaCaT cells was established by 600 μmol/L H 2O 2. HaCaT cells treated with 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 μmol/L isorhamnetin for 12 h showed no cytotoxic effect. 20, 40 and 60 μmol/L isorhamnetin was selected for subsequent experiments. Compared with H 2O 2 groups, the cell proliferation activity in 40 and 60 μmol/L isornetin groups was significantly increased [(72.21±5.11)%, (76.08±4.91)%, P<0.05], SOD activity increased (19.81±0.38, 20.52±0.52, 15.45±3.13, P<0.05) and MDA content decreased (35.94±0.31, 22.04±0.26, 19.26±1.36, P<0.05). Conclusions:The flavonoid isorhamnetin has a protective effect on oxidative stress injury induced by H 2O 2 in HaCaT cells, suggesting that isorhamnetin may be a potential drug component in the treatment of vitiligo.
RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE：To promote rational use of OTC in the family ，and to provide reference for the formulation of related policy by health administration department. METHODS ：By stratified cluster sampling method ，using residents of 4 cities from Gansu province as objects ，face-to-face questionnaire household survey was conducted in Jan. 2019. The general information of the residents and their family self-medication behaviors were collected ，and the influential factors [tendency factors （including cognition of OTC and attitude towards self-medication ），contributing factors and strengthening factors ，and odds ratio （OR）was used to study the correlation between factors and results] of self-medication behaviors were analyzed by PRECEDE-PROCEED model. Epi Data 3.10 software was used to establish database ，and SPSS 16.0 software was adopted to analyze the family self-medication behavior of residents statistically. RESULTS ：A total of 3 600 questionnaires were sent out ，and 3 111 valid questionnaires were recovered ，with an effective recovery rate of 86.4％. 81.8％（2 541/3 106）of the respondents had self- medication behavior in the past 1 year. The results of binary Logistic regression and χ2 test showed that female residents ，irregular daily life ， no chronic disease ，low monthly family income ，new rural cooperative medical care and urban residents ’medical insurance were more inclined to self-medication. In the tendency factors ，residents who knew that OTC could be purchased in the pharmacy without the doctor ’s prescription （OR＝1.322）， Δ 基金项目 ：国家自然科学基金资助项目 （No.41405108， No.21472077） drug package with OTC logo （OR＝1.397）and the Chinese ＊讲师，硕士。研究方向：药物新制剂、新剂型、新技术。E-mail： herbal medicine also had toxic side effects （OR＝1.750），the 410843130@qq.com possibility of self-medication was greater ；the residents who # 通信作者：教授，博士。研究方向：药物活性分子的设计与合 seldom cleaned the family medicine box （OR＝0.462），quick 成。E-mail：wangshh@lzu.edu.cn and effective drugs （OR＝0.670） and ADR （OR＝0.688） 中国药房 2020年第31卷第11期 China Pharmacy 2020Vol. 31 No. 11 ·1377· were the factors that prevent the occurrence of se lf-medication behavior ，while low drug price （OR＝5.298）was the tendency factor of self-medication behavior. In the contributing factors ，the incidence of self-medication of residents with regular drugs in their home was 2.997 times higher than that those without reserves ；the convenience of self-medication （OR＝1.376），the proximity of drugstores to home （OR＝1.680），the credibility of drug quality （OR＝1.355） had a facilitating effect on the occurrence of self-medication. In the strengthening factors ，the suggestions of relatives and friends （OR＝3.388），books， newspapers and TV network advertisements （OR＝2.043）had a strengthening effect on the occurrence of self-medication. The above factors had a significant effect on the residents ’self-medication（P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS ：The family self-medication behavior of residents in Gansu province is common. The residents with higher cognitive level tend to self-medication ；the lower the drug price ，the more likely the self-medication behavior will occur. The factors contributing to the occurrence of self-medication are the regular drugs at home ，the proximity of drugstores to home ，and the credibility of drug quality. The suggestions of relatives and friends，online advertising and other factors are the strengthening factors of the occurrence of self-medication behavior.
RESUMEN
Objective@#To investigate the relationship between fundamental movement skills(FMS) and physical-related fitness(PF) in 5-6 aged children in Beijing and to provide the corresponding theoretical basis for the further development of the scien tific research work of children sports activities.@*Methods@#M-ABC-2(Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2)was used to assess FMS of the children aged 5-6 in 3 kindergartens of Beijing; “National Physical Fitness test Standards Manual-Preschool Part” was used as the standard for assessment of children’s PF; Canonical Correlation Analysis was used to analyze the relationship between FMS and PF.@*Results@#A total of 107 children’s complete data were obtained. The overall development level of 5-6 yearold children’s physical fitness could positively predict their the manual dexterity (B=0.24, P<0.05); In the test of individual PF, the muscle strength and balance ability exhibited by the tennis throwing and walking balance wood were also strongly correlated with the manual dexterity (r=0.43, P<0.01), and the standing long jump and the continuous jump of both feet also showed a positive correlation with the manual dexterity (r=0.35, P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#There is a certain relationship between the PF and FMS of children aged 5-6. The development of coordination and stability will play a positive role in promoting the development of their FMS. At the same time, parents and teachers should pay attention to the development of children's fine motor skills to promote their overall healthy growth.
RESUMEN
Thyroglobulin is the most important and abundant protein in thyroid follicles and has been widely studied as a tumor marker of thyroid cancer recurrence and persistence. Tg is considered the material basis of thyroid hormone synthesis and does not participate in the regulation of thyroid hormone synthesis and secretion. This review summarizes the recent progress in the research of thyroid hormone synthesis and secretion regulation via a negative feedback regulation mechanism by the thyroid-hypothalamus-pituitary axis. Thyroglobulin can negatively regulate the synthesis of thyroid hormone by thyroid follicular cells and antagonize the positive regulation of thyrotropin TSH. The function of thyroid follicular cells is presumably a result of Tg and TSH interaction, and a follicular cycle model is proposed to explain the causes of follicular heterogeneity in glands. We also discuss the prospects and clinical significance of studies into the negative feedback regulation mechanism of the thyroid-hypothalamus-pituitary axis and compare two theories for this mechanism.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Retroalimentación Fisiológica , Sistema Hipotálamo-Hipofisario , Fisiología , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia , Tiroglobulina , Metabolismo , Glándula Tiroides , Fisiología , Hormonas Tiroideas , Metabolismo , Tirotropina , MetabolismoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE@#To compare the accuracy of three-dimensional reconstruction of cervical CT and ultrasound for estimating residual thyroid volume.@*METHODS@#We performed a retrospective analysis of 17 patients with 21 residual thyroid glands undergoing thyroidectomy surgery between February, 2017 and March, 2018 in our department. We compared the residual thyroid volume in preoperative ultrasound with the intraoperative measurement and the volume measured using threedimensional CT reconstruction before surgery.@*RESULTS@#The maximum vertical and anterioposterior diameters of the residual thyroid measured by preoperative ultrasound differed significantly from the volume data measured intraoperatively ( < 0.05), but the difference in the maximum left-right diameters was not statistically significant (>0.05). The maximum vertical, leftright, and anteroposterior diameters estimated by three-dimensional reconstruction of cervical CT was all similar with those measured intraoperatively (>0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Compared with ultrasound examination, three-dimensional reconstruction of neck CT is more accurate for estimating the residual thyroid volume and provides more reliable evidence for clinical calculation of postoperative I dose for thyroid cancer.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Imagenología Tridimensional , Estudios Retrospectivos , Neoplasias de la Tiroides , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , UltrasonografíaRESUMEN
Objective To explore the significance of the main effect factors of Th17/Treg for children's gastritis with Hp infection.Methods By prospective study method,40 cases of helicobacter pylori infection related gastritis children were collected as observation group from January 2015 to June 2016,40 cases of children with Hp negative were selected in the same period by physical examination as healthy controls.The main effect factors of Th17/Treg of the two groups were compared.Before and after the treatment,the main effect factors of Th17/Treg of observation group were compared.The main effect factors of Th17/Treg had a correlation analysis.Results The serum IL-17,IL-10 and TGF-beta levels of two groups were compared,and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Before and after 10 days treatment,serum IL-17,IL-10 and TGF-beta levels of the observation group were compared,and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Before the treatment,the serum IL-17,IL-10 and TGF-beta levels of observation group had a correlation analysis,and IL-17 and IL-10 were negatively correlated (r =0.778).IL-17 and TGF-beta were also negatively correlated(r =0.767).Conclusion In development process of Hp infection related gastritis for children,the related factors of Th17 and Treg cells involved in the immune pathological process.Immune prevention for children's gastritis with Hp infection provides new train of thought.
RESUMEN
Objective To investigate the effect of gastric capsule combined with psychological intervention on immune function and quality of life in patients with advanced gastric cancer.Methods A total of 130 patients with advanced gastric cancer were enrolled in this studyfrom July 2014 to August 2016 in our hospital,andrandomly divided into two groups.Twogroups were treated with chemotherapy,andobservation group was treated anotherwithWeinaian capsule.The immune indexes, quality of life and side effects of the 2 groups before and after chemotherapy were compared and analyzed.Results After chemotherapy,CD4+、CD8+、CD4+/CD8+、CD3+ and NKlevel of observation group were better than that of control group(all P<0.05).After chemotherapy,SF-36 score of physical function, health status, vitality, emotional and mental health scores of observation group werebetter than that of control group(all P<0.05).During chemotherapy,proportion of gastrointestinal reaction and liver and kidney injury of observation group were 35.38% and 21.54%,lower than that of control group 63.08% and 40.00%(all P<0.05).Conclusion Weinaian capsule can improve immunologic function of advanced gastric cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and reduce adverse reactions,so as to improve the quality of life of patients.
RESUMEN
Objective To analyze the clonality in Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) lesions by evaluating Xchromosome inactivation pattern in the human androgen receptor (HUMARA) gene.Methods Twenty-five paraffinembedded tissue specimens were collected from female patients with KS (n =15) or cutaneous hemangioma (n =10).DNA was extracted from these specimens,and digested with the methylation-sensitive restriction endonuclease Hpa Ⅱ.PCR was performed to amplify the HUMARA gene,and the amplicons were separated on a 10％ denaturing polyacrylamied gel and stained with ethidium bromide (EB).The loss of heterozygosity of the HUMARA gene was defined as the presence of two DNA fragments before and one fragment after the endonuclease digestion.The clonality in KS lesions was assessed based on the above results.Results Among the 15 patients with KS,13 (86.7％) were heterozygous for the HUMARA gene,of which,92.31％ (12/13) showed loss of heterozygosity of the HUMARA gene on X-chromosome,suggesting a monoclonal origin.Of the 10 patients with hemangioma,9 were heterozygous for the HUMARA gene,and only one lost heterozygosity of the HUMARA gene.The heterozygosity rate for HUMARA gene was significantly different between the patients with KS and hemangioma (P ＜ 0.01).No statistical difference was observed in the clonality status of KS between patients of different nationality,at different stages,or between patients with and without complicated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion KS is monoclonal in origin.
RESUMEN
Rhubarb anthraquinone derivatives (AQs) have been documented to have both therapeutic and toxic effect on liver and kidney, leading to a complex puzzle to assess their benefits and risks. In this study, the tissue distributions of AQs in SD rats after orally administrated extracts of raw and prepared rhubarb were examined whether they undergo different uptake. The total rhubarb extract (14.49 g x kg(-1) of body weight per day od, counted on the quantity of crude material) was administrated orally for 12 weeks. The concentrations of the AQs in different tissues were quantified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The five major AQs, aloe-emodin, rhein, emodin, chrysophynol and physcion, could all be detected in the liver, kidney and spleen, while only rhein, aloe-emodin and emodin reached the quantitative limit. The tissue concentrations of AQs in raw rhubarb group were higher than that in steamed rhubarb group with rhein > emodin > aloe-emodin in the same tissue. On the whole, the tissue distribution of rhein was higher than that of emodin and aloe-emodin in liver, spleen and kidney. AQs could not be detected in those tissues after drug withdraw for 4 weeks, which suggested scarcely any accumulative toxicity of rhubarb. The result indicated that raw rhubarb had more tissue toxicity than steamed rhubarb and rhein may be one of the major poisonous ingredients. The results were concordant with the traditional Chinese medicine theory of toxicity-attenuating effect of processing.
RESUMEN
Objectives This study aimed at investigating the cellular mechanism of isoproterenol (ISO) on delayed afterdepolarizations (DADs) and triggered activity (TA) of the noninfarcted myocardium in the myocardial infarcted rabbit model.Methods Rabbits with the left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion were prepared and recovered for 8 wk (healed myocardial infarction, HMI). Myocytes were isolated from regions of the noninfarcted left ventricular free wall. ISO was added to cellular surface by perfusion way. Action potentials and ion currents were recorded with whole-cell patch clamp. Results The results showed that treatment with ISO induced more DADs and TA events in HMI myocytes. Iti and ICa-L of myocytes treated with ISO were increased significantly compared with HMI cells, which contributed to DADs-related triggered arrhythmia. Conclusions The results suggested that more arrhythmia events of DADs and TA developed in myocytes with ISO treatment. The underlying mechanism was associated with the augment of Iu and calcium influxing.
RESUMEN
Objective To investigate the effects of selenium and iodine deficiency on the contractibility of rat thoracic aorta and probe into its mechanisms.Methods Isolated vascular methods were used to study the effects in different groups.Results The contraction of rat thoracic aorta of the groups with selenium and iodine deficiency was less than that of the normals(P(0.05));sodium selenite(0.1mol/L) had no effect on rat aortic contraction,but was significantly synergic with the contraction induced by KCl combined with NE(P
RESUMEN
Aim To study the relationship between the vasodilatation effects of daidzein and M-receptor in the endothelial cell, extracellular Ca2+ and intracellular Ca2+.Methods Measurement of isometric force of rabbit thoracic aortae rings was performed. Results Dai(3～100 ?mol?L-1 ) significantly inhibited the contractive response of phenyleohrine dependent on intracellular Ca2+ release and extracellular Ca2+ inflow;a shift was produced to the right of the concentration-effect curve of KCl and the maximum response was depressed by Dai(10～100 ?mol?L~ -1 ); Dai(10,30,100 ?mol?L-1 ) enhanced the relaxing effect induced by acetylcholine in a concentration-dependent manner,but the relaxing effect was inhibited after using atropine to block the M-receptor. Conclusion The relaxing effect of Dai was related to the inhibition of the receptor-mediated Ca2+ -influx and Ca2+-release;Dai induced direct relaxing effect by activating the M-receptor in the endothelium and releasing EDRF, which was similar to ACh, and this effect was endothelium-dependent.