Preliminary Recommendations on the Timing of Lung Surgery after Novel Coronavirus Infection in Patients with Pulmonary Nodules and Lung Cancer / 中国肺癌杂志

In recent years, the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a huge impact on the global medical, political and economic fields. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 epidemic, our understanding of the impact of COVID-19 has grown exponentially. Recently, the COVID-19 epidemic has changed rapidly in China, and there has been controversy over how to carry out surgical operations for patients with lung neoplastic lesions. Some studies have shown that lung cancer patients undergoing surgery are more likely to experience respiratory failure and perioperative death after contracting COVID-19 than the general population, however, delays in cancer treatment are also associated with increased mortality among these patients. In particular, the novel coronavirus Omikron variant has a higher transmissibility and may escape the immunity obtained through the previous novel coronavirus infection and vaccination. In order to minimize the risk of novel coronavirus infection in surgical patients, it is necessary to develop new treatment guidelines, expert consensus and preventive measures. However, the current rapid change of the epidemic situation has led to insufficient time and evidence to develop guidelines and consensus. Therefore, thoracic surgeons need to evaluate specific patient populations at higher risk of severe complications before surgery and weigh the benefit of surgical treatment against the risk of novel coronavirus infection. We try to give some recommendations on lung surgery during the current domestic epidemic situation based on the guidelines and consensus of oncology and thoracic surgery organizations in different regions on lung surgery.
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Analysis of the Incidence of Lower Limb Deep Venous Thrombosis and Its Related Risk Factors in the Postoperative Patients with Lung Cancer / 中国肺癌杂志

BACKGROUND@#Lung cancer is the first leading cause of morbidity and mortality among the malignant tumors, which has become a hot issue in current research. Clinically, lung cancer is divided into small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) according to the pathological types. NSCLC includes adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and other types of lung cancer, accounting for about 80% of all lung cancer. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) includes deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), which is a recognized complication in lung cancer patients with higher morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to determine the incidence of DVT and reveal the risk factors for DVT in the postoperative patients with lung cancer.@*METHODS@#We collected 83 postoperative patients with lung cancer admitted to the Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from December 2021 to December 2022. All these patients were examined by color Doppler ultrasound of lower extremity vein upon admission and after operation to analyze the incidence of DVT. In order to explore the possible risk factors for DVT in these patients, we further analyzed the correlations between DVT and their clinical features. At the same time, the changes of coagulation function and platelet were monitored to investigate the value of blood coagulation in the patients with DVT.@*RESULTS@#DVT occurred in 25 patients after lung cancer operation, and the incidence rate of DVT was 30.1%. Further analysis found that the incidences of postoperative lower limb DVT were higher in lung cancer patients of stage III+IV or over 60 years of age (P=0.031, P=0.028). D-Dimer level in patients with thrombosis was significantly higher than that in non-thrombus patients on the 1st, the 3rd, and the 5th day after operation (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in platelets and fibrinogen (FIB) (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The overall incidence of DVT in our center after lung cancer patients operation was 30.1%. Late-stage and older postpatients were more likely to develop DVT, and these patients with higher D-Dimer values should be considered the possibility of VTE events.

Trend analysis of disease burden of gastric cancer in Chinese residents from 1990 to 2019 / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To analyze the trend of disease burden of gastric cancer in Chinese residents from 1990 to 2019 and to provide reference for the prevention and control of gastric cancer in China. Methods The crude incidence and crude mortality rates of gastric cancer in Chinese residents of different genders from 1990 to 2019 were calculated from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) database, and the standardized incidence and mortality rates were calculated to describe the trend of incidence and mortality of gastric cancer in Chinese residents. Disability Adjusted Life year (DALY) and years lived with Disability (DALY) were used. YLD, years of life lost (YLL) and other indicators were used to analyze the age and gender distribution of the disease burden of gastric cancer in Chinese residents. Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the trend of the disease burden of gastric cancer. Results From 1990 to 2019, the incidence and crude incidence of gastric cancer increased, while the standard incidence decreased. The number of deaths was on the rise, the crude mortality rate and the standard mortality rate were both decreased, the morbidity and mortality index values of male were higher than that of female. The average annual average of the standardized DALY rate and the standardized YLL rate in China decreased by 2.30% (AAPC= -2.30%, P < 0.001), while the trend of the standardized YLD rate was not statistically significant (P=1.000). The average annual decrease rate of standardized DALY rate, standardized YLD rate and standardized YLL rate for males was smaller than that for females. In 2019, the peak rates of normalization of disease burden indicators were mainly distributed in the 55-74 age group. Conclusion From 1990 to 2019, the disease burden of gastric cancer in China showed a downward trend, and males and middle-aged and elderly people were the key prevention and treatment groups.

Research Progress of Epigenetics in Pathogenesis and Treatment of Malignant Tumors / 中国肺癌杂志

Epigenetic modification is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors. It mainly regulates gene function and expression level through DNA methylation, histone modification, regulation of non-coding RNA and chromatin structure reconstruction. At present, epigenetic drugs have been gradually applied to the treatment of malignant tumors. Common drug types include: DNA methyltransferase inhibitors and histone deacetylase inhibitors. However, these drugs still have many shortcomings and a wide range of clinical applications need further research. Encouragingly, the epigenetic drugs in combination with various anti-tumor drugs have shown great application potential. In this paper, we summarized the development mechanism of epigenetics in malignant tumors and the progress of related drugs.

The Role of Plasma CDO1 Methylation in the Early Diagnosis of Lung Cancer / 中国肺癌杂志

BACKGROUND@#The incidence and mortality of lung cancer often rank first in all malignant tumors. DNA methylation, as one of epigenetics, often participates in the development and progression of tumors. CDO1 as a tumor suppressor gene always undergoes methylation changes early in tumor development. Therefore, this study aims to discuss the value of CDO1 methylation in the early diagnosis of lung cancer.@*METHODS@#Peripheral blood samples were collected from tumor patients and healthy people. Detection of the methylation level of CDO1 in plasma by sulfite modification and quantitative real-time PCR.@*RESULTS@#The level of gene methylation in peripheral blood of lung cancer patients was significantly higher than that of benign lung disease patients and healthy people. The methylation level of CDO1 was significantly different in the stratified comparison of gender, lymph node metastasis and tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage (P<0.05). The sensitivity and specificity of CDO1 were 52.2% and 78.6%, respectively. The overall accuracy of the diagnosis was significantly higher than that of the clinical tumor markers, and the sensitivity of CDO1 to stage I and II patients was the highest (40.8%, 47.1%). In addition, CDO1 could effectively increase the sensitivity of diagnosis in multiple joint examinations.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Detecting the methylation level of CDO1 has a potentially huge advantage for the early diagnosis of lung cancer.

Analysis of the Incidence of Lower Extremity Venous Thrombosis and Its Related Risk Factors in Admitted Patients with Lung Cancer / 中国肺癌杂志

BACKGROUND@#Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a recognized complication in lung cancer patients with higher morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study is to determine the incidence of lower extremity venous thrombosis (LEDVT) in lung cancer patients and to reveal the risk factors for LEDVT during admission in our center.@*METHODS@#We first connected 231 patients with lung cancer admitted to the Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from July 2017 to December 2017. All these patients underwent color ultrasound examination of lower extremity vein on admission to analyze the incidence of LEDVT. At the same time, the incidence of LEDVT in patients with benign lung diseases on admission was used as control. In order to explore the possible risk factors for LEDVT in these patients with lung cancer, we further analyze the correlations between LEDVT and their clinical features. At the same time, we also analyze the relationship between LEDVT and Plasma D-Dimmer, fibrinogen (FIB), thrombin time (TT), activated partial thrombin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT) and platelet (PLT) in these patients with lung cancer.@*RESULTS@#Among 231 patients with lung cancer, the incidence rate of LEDVT on admission was 5.2% (12/231), and in 77 patients with benign lung disease, there was none of patients with LEDVT on admission. This result indicated that the admitted incidence rate of LEDVT in patients with lung cancer was significantly higher than that in patients with benign lung disease (P0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The overall incidence of LEDVT in our central lung cancer patients was approximately 5%, significantly higher than that in patients with benign lung disease. Lung cancer patients with distant metastasis (including N3 lymph node metastasis) at admission were more likely to develop LEDVT, and these patients with higher D-Dimer values should be considered the possibility of VTE events.

Curative effect of preperitoneal tension -free hernioplasty for inguinal hernia in the treatment of patients with incarcerated hernia and( or) strangulated hernia / 中国基层医药

Objective To explore the clinical curative effect of preperitoneal tension-free hernioplasty for inguinal hernia in the treatment of patients with incarcerated hernia and( or) strangulated hernia. Methods 76 patients with incarcerated hernia and( or) strangulated hernia were selected as the research subjects,and they were divided into two groups according to the random number table,with 38 cases in each group. The observation group was treated with tension-free inguinal hernia repair, while the control group was given surgical treatment. The intraoperative blood loss,surgical time and hospital stay were recorded. The postoperative visual pain scores( VAS) and the number of postoperative infection were statistically analyzed. Patients were followed up for 1 month after discharge, and the return to work time, the number of masses in surgical site and the recurrence cases were recorded. Results The intraoperative blood loss[(16. 23 ± 8. 64) mL vs. (28. 19 ± 7. 93) mL],operation time[(57. 13 ± 14. 58) min vs. (74.29±15.01)min],hospitalstay[(4.27±1.87)dvs.(7.09±1.43)d] andpostoperativeinfectionrate(2.6%vs. 28. 9%) in the observation group were shorter (less) than those in the control group,the differences were statisti-cally significant(t=6. 287,5. 055,7. 384,χ2 =9. 896,all P<0. 05). There was no significant difference in postoper-ative24hVASscorebetweenthetwogroups[(7.15±0.59)pointsvs.(7.24±0.49)points,t=0.723,P>0.05], while the postoperative 48h score in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group [(4. 28 ± 1. 78)points vs. (6. 19 ± 0. 97)points,t=5. 808,P<0. 05]. 1 month after discharge,the number of masses in surgical site(2 cases vs. 8 cases),the recurrence cases(0 case vs. 4 cases) and the return to work time[(5. 34 ± 1. 36)d vs. (9. 27 ± 1. 54)d]of the observation group were less than those in the control group(χ2 =4. 146,4. 222, t=11. 791,all P<0. 05). Conclusion Preperitoneal tension-free hernioplasty for inguinal hernia has remarkable curative effect in the treatment of incarcerated hernia and( or) inguinal hernia,which is suitable for clinical promotion.

Curative effect of preperitoneal tension -free hernioplasty for inguinal hernia in the treatment of patients with incarcerated hernia and( or) strangulated hernia / 中国基层医药

Objective To explore the clinical curative effect of preperitoneal tension-free hernioplasty for inguinal hernia in the treatment of patients with incarcerated hernia and( or) strangulated hernia. Methods 76 patients with incarcerated hernia and( or) strangulated hernia were selected as the research subjects,and they were divided into two groups according to the random number table,with 38 cases in each group. The observation group was treated with tension-free inguinal hernia repair, while the control group was given surgical treatment. The intraoperative blood loss,surgical time and hospital stay were recorded. The postoperative visual pain scores( VAS) and the number of postoperative infection were statistically analyzed. Patients were followed up for 1 month after discharge, and the return to work time, the number of masses in surgical site and the recurrence cases were recorded. Results The intraoperative blood loss[(16. 23 ± 8. 64) mL vs. (28. 19 ± 7. 93) mL],operation time[(57. 13 ± 14. 58) min vs. (74.29±15.01)min],hospitalstay[(4.27±1.87)dvs.(7.09±1.43)d] andpostoperativeinfectionrate(2.6%vs. 28. 9%) in the observation group were shorter (less) than those in the control group,the differences were statisti-cally significant(t=6. 287,5. 055,7. 384,χ2 =9. 896,all P<0. 05). There was no significant difference in postoper-ative24hVASscorebetweenthetwogroups[(7.15±0.59)pointsvs.(7.24±0.49)points,t=0.723,P>0.05], while the postoperative 48h score in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group [(4. 28 ± 1. 78)points vs. (6. 19 ± 0. 97)points,t=5. 808,P<0. 05]. 1 month after discharge,the number of masses in surgical site(2 cases vs. 8 cases),the recurrence cases(0 case vs. 4 cases) and the return to work time[(5. 34 ± 1. 36)d vs. (9. 27 ± 1. 54)d]of the observation group were less than those in the control group(χ2 =4. 146,4. 222, t=11. 791,all P<0. 05). Conclusion Preperitoneal tension-free hernioplasty for inguinal hernia has remarkable curative effect in the treatment of incarcerated hernia and( or) inguinal hernia,which is suitable for clinical promotion.

Prevalence and risk factors of impaired glucose regulation in health check-up populations / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of impaired glucose regulation (IGF) in health check-up populations in Tianjin.Methods A total of10126 individuals were assigned to group according the1999 World Health Organization (WHO) criteria for diabetes mellitus ( DM ).Clinical characteristics and the prevalence of DM were compared between the groups. Student's t test,Chi-square test and logistic regression were used for data analysis.Results The incidence of IGR was much higher in male than in female (x3 =136.2,P ＜0.05).Abnormal glucose metabolism showed an increasing trend with age ( P＜0.05 ).In logistic regression analysis,age,male,family history of DM,overweight/obesity,hypertension,hypertriglyceridemia and hyperuricemia were risk factors of IGR.Conclusion Age,male,overweight/obesity,family history of DM,hypertension,hypertriglyceridemia and hyperuricemia could be risk factors of IGR.Early screening and intervention may help to prevent the development of DM.

Screening of risk factors for type 2 diabetes in general population / 中华全科医师杂志

Total 10 450 people received health check-up in our hospital from March 2009 to December 2010.The subjects were classified as high-risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus ( DM ) group ( n =9016) and non-high-risk group (n =1434).The rate of new DM was 3.36％ (303/9016) and the rate of impaired glucose regulation (IGR) was 12.38％ (1117/9016) in high-risk group; while in non-high-risk group there was no new DM cases,and IGR rate was 2.58％ (37/1434).The detection rate of IGR and DM significantly increased with the increasing rate of risk factor and numbers (P ＜ 0.01 ).Logistic regression analysis revealed that the abnormal glucose metabolism was associated with age,male,positive family history,heart rate,hypertension,abnormal lipid metabolism and hyperuricacidemia.The results suggest that subjects with multiple risk factors should be the key population for prevention and screening of type 2 diabetes.

Blood uric acid levels of routine health check-up receivers in Tianjin City / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective To investigate blood uric acid levels in health check-up receivers in Tianjin City. Methods Blood uric acid levels in 28 661 health check-up participants were tested and the incidence of hyperuricaemia was analyzed. Blood pressure, body mass index, blood sugar, cholesterol and triglyceride were measured and compared. Results The average level of blood uric acid was (349±73 ) μ mol/L in male,and (256±59) μmol/L in female. The peak value in male was found in the 30 to 39 years old group,while in female the age was increased to 70 years old. The incidence of hyperuricaemia was higher in male ( 15. 2% vs 6. 3% ,P＜0.01). The level of blood sugar,triglycerides and total cholesterol was higher in the hyperuricaemia group. Also in the hyperuricaemia group, the incidence of overweight/obesity,hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidemia and hypertension was higher. Conclusions The incidence of hyperuricaemia in routine health check-up individuals in Tianjin City could be 11.3%. Blood uric acid may be significantly associated with metabolism.

Prevention and treatment of atelectasis after thoracotomy for lung cancer / 中国肺癌杂志

<p><b>BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE</b>Atelectasis is a common complication after thoracotomy, and it may threaten patients' life if it was not treated correctly and properly. The aim of this article is to explore and discuss the prevention and treatment for atelectasis during the perioperative period, and also to explore new methods for reducing the perioperative mortality due to atelectasis after thoracotomy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 374 lung cancer patients who underwent thoracotomy in our department between Jan 2007 and Nov 2009.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Atelectasis occurred in 14 patients among all the 374 lung cancer patients who underwent thoracotomy. All the atelectasis returned to reexpansion after treatment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The incidence of atelectasis in these series is relatively low compared with the reports in literatures. Good perioperative preparation and perioperative treatment can remarkably decrease the incidence and mortality of atelectasis after thoracotomy in the treatment of lung cancer.</p>

A Comparison of the Biological Characteristics of EV71 C4 Subtypes from Different Epidemic Strains / 中国病毒学·英文版

The comparative analysis of the biological characterization and the genetic background study of EV71 circulating strains is commonly recognized as basic work necessary for development of an effective EV71 vaccine. In this study, we sequenced five EV71 circulating strains, isolated from Fuyang, Hefei, Kunming and Shenzhen city of China and named them FY-23, FY-22, H44, K9 and S1 respectively. The sequence alignment demonstrated their genotypes be C4. The genetic distance of the VP1 gene from these isolates suggested that they were highly co-related with genetic identity similar to other previously reported EV71 strains in China. Additionally, these strains were identified to display some obvious proliferation dynamics and plaque morphology when propagated in Vero cells. However, a distinctive difference in pathogenic ability in neonatal mice was found. Some differences in cross neutralization test & immunogenic analysis were also found. All these results are related to the biological characterization of circulating EV71 strains in China and aid in the development of an EV71 vaccine in the future.

Advancement of hybrid procedures in congenital heart disease / 国际儿科学杂志

Hybrid procedure is an method that combines surgery and intervenfional catheterization. As collaboration between surgeon and interventionalist has improved, the procedures for complex congenital heart disease is progressing and developing remarkably. Combining echocardiography monitoring in hybrid surgical procedure of complex congenital heart disease not only reduces side effect of extracorporeal circulation and operation time, but also retrieves blind spot of interventional catheterization for infant and low weight baby. Currently it is applied in the field of atrial septal defect, muscular ventricular septal defect, pulmonary stenosis and post-operation residual shunts or stenosis.

Serum levels of uric acid in the population of health check-up / 中华全科医师杂志

Total 11 008 subjects underwent routine health check-up at Tianjin General Hospital in 2008. The results showed that the rate of hyperuricemia was 11.56% ( 1272/11 008 ) in this population, 17. 17% ( 1216/7082 ) for male, and 1.43% (56/3926) for female (P ＜0. 05). The serum uric acid levels were positively correlates with body mass index ( r = 0. 346), waist circumference ( r = 0. 449), systolic blood pressure ( r = 0. 193 ), diastolic blood pressure ( r = 0. 240), total cholesterol levels ( r = 0. 240) and triglyceride ester levels ( r = 0. 284 ). The factors including overweight, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and hyperglycosemia were clustered in subjects with hyperuricemia.

Analysis of serum hepatocyte growth factor level and related factors in impaired glucose tolerance patients / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To observe the level of serum hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Methods Thirty patients with IGT (IGT group), 30 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitns (T2DM) (T2DM group) and 30 healthy controls (control group) were recruited for this study. Such indexes as HGF, fasting plasma glucose (FBG), postprandial plasma glucose (2hPG), glycosylated hemoglobin A1c( GHbA1c ), fasting insulin(FINS), systolic blood pressure(SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were examined and these related factors were analyzed. Results The levels of serum HGF in IGT group and T2DM group were higher than those in control group [(413.22 ± 102.48), (422.76 ± 126.77 ), ( 120.45 ± 25.11 ) ng/L, respectively ] (P < 0.05 ). There was no significant different between IGT group and T2DM group (P> 0.05). There was positive correlation between HGF and FBG (r = 0.326, P< 0.05 ). Multiple regression analysis indicated significant correlation between HGF and DBP (r = 4.730, P< 0.05). Conclusion Higher levels of HGF are found in IGT patients, which indicates that function of vascular endothelium is abnormal in this period.