Application of PD-L1 inhibitors in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are treated in a variety of ways. In addition to radiotherapy, chemotherapy and targeted therapy, breakthroughs have been made in immune checkpoint inhibitors, in particular, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) inhibitors have achieved survival benefits for NSCLC patients, and some of them have been approved as first-line drugs by the US Food and Drug Administration. Currently, commonly used PD-L1 inhibitors are atezolizumab, durvalumab and avelumab. Combination therapies include combination with chemotherapy, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs, molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy.

Determination of Total Nitrogen in Nidus Vespae by Salicylic Acid and Sodium Hypochlorite Spectropho-tometry / 中国药师

Objective:To establish a method for the content determination of total nitrogen in Nidus Vespae by salicylic acid and sodium hypochlorite spectrophotometry. Methods:The content of total nitrogen in Nidus Vespae from different areas with various batches was detected. Nidus Vespae was treated with sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide, and colored by salicylic acid and sodium hypochlo-rite. Using ammonium chloride as the control sample, the content of total nitrogen in the samples was tested at 650 nm. To ensure the method reliability, single factor experiments were performed to study the effects of temperature, reaction time and reagent dosage; or-thogonal experiments were used to screen optimum amounts of phosphate buffer solution, sodium salicylate solution and sodium hypo-chlorite solution. Results:The results showed that the optimum temperature was ambient, and the optimum time was 1. 5h. The opti-mum amount of phosphate buffer solution , sodium salicylate solution and sodium hypochlorite solution was 4 ml,7 ml and 1. 5 ml, re-spectively. The linear range of total nitrogen was 0. 06-0. 78 μg·ml-1(r=0. 9998), and the average recovery was 100. 98% (RSD=2. 10%,n=6). Conclusion:The method can be used to determine the total nitrogen content in Nidus Vespae. The total nitrogen content in Nidus Vespae is various in various areas with different batches.

Chemical constituents from Myricaria alopecuroides / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the chemical constituents in the leaves and branches of Myricaria alopecuroides.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Solvent extraction method was employed to extract and partition. The chemical constituents were isolated by column chromatography on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, highly porous resin HP-20. The structures of the compounds were elucidated on the basis of physiochemical properties and spectral analysis.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Eleven compounds were isolated from this plant and identified as ellagic acid 3,3',4-trimethylether (1), ellagic acid 3,3'-dimethylether (2), isorhamnetin (3), kaempferol (4), 3, 5-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid (5), daucosterol (6), 6,7,10-trihydroxy-8-octadecenoic acid (7), quercetin (8), gallic acid (9), palmitic acid (10), hexadecanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester (11).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Except 8 and 9, all compounds were isolated from M. alopecuroides for the first time. Compound 1, 2, 5, 7, 10, 11 were obtained from the genus Myricaria for the frist time.</p>

Treating chronic renal insufficiency by retention enema with Chinese medicine / 中华中医药杂志

This article introduced the treatment of chronic renal insufficiency by by retention enema with Chinese medicine, and analysed its mechanism and the application status quo. It explorated the way to delaying the development of chronic renal insufficiency patients into the blood or peritoneal dialysis process positively.

Studies on chemical constituents from fruit of Crataegus pinnatifida / 中草药

Object To look for the proprietary constituent and the constituents with blood lipid regulating effect from the dried fruit of Crataegus pinnatifida Bge var major N E Br Methods Various column chromatographic techniques were employed for isolation and purification of the constituents UV, IR, EI MS, FAB MS, 1HNMR, 13 CNMR, HMBC, HMQC and 13 CGATE were used to identify the structure of the isolated constituents Results Six compounds were isolated from the fruit of C pinnatifida They were identified as 5, 7, 4′ trihydroxy flavone 8 C ? L rhamnopyranosyl (1→2) ? D glucopyranoside, i e vitexin rhamnoside (Ⅰ), hyperoside (Ⅱ), citric acid (Ⅲ), vitexin (Ⅳ), quercetin (Ⅴ), ursolic acid (Ⅵ) Conclusion Compound Ⅰ is a proprietary constituent in the fruit of C pinnalifida, which was obtained from this plant for the first time Compound Ⅱ is a main constituent with blood lipid reducing effect in flavonoids

Determination of Flavonoids in Fructus Crataegi by Colorimetry / 中成药

Objective: To establish a new method and limit of detection for Flavonoids content in Fructus Crataegi. Methods: Flavonoids in Fructus Crataegi in 10 regions was determined by colorimetry. Results: Content of Flavonoids in samples selected from 10 regions ranged 0.84%～3.62%. Content of hyperoside by colorimetry is correlative to that by HPLC. Conclusion: The method is simple, quick and reproducible. Flavonoid content in Fructus Crataegi was designed no less than 1.0%, extraction must be performed under 60?C and dried to constant weight for 6 hours.