Practice on the construction of Introduction to Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation and the teaching model of bisection combined with flipped classroom / 中华医学教育探索杂志

This study investigates the application effect of bisection combined with flipped classroom in the teaching of the course Introduction to Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation. A total of 74 students majoring in hearing and speech rehabilitation in the classes of 2019 and 2020 were selected as research subjects, and flipped classroom was applied in the teaching of the course Introduction to Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation. A questionnaire survey was conducted to compare the difference between traditional teaching model and flipped classroom in improving the comprehensive abilities of students. Research findings show that the teaching model of bisection combined with flipped classroom can significantly improve the abilities of self-expression, creative thinking, teamwork, and interpersonal communication among students, and there was no significant difference in improving learning enthusiasm between the two teaching models.

Meta analysis of the risk of air pollution in children with allergic rhinitis / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To carry out a meta analysis on the results of all conducted studies to present valid information about the impact of air pollution exposure on the risk of allergic rhinitis in children. METHODS PubMed, Science, Google Scholar and MDPI database were searched up to January 1, 2012 to July 1, 2017, including the observational studies about air pollution and children with allergic rhinitis. Combie cross-sectional study evaluation tool and NOS scale were used to evaluate the quality of literature. The odds ratio of representative air pollutants(NO2, SO2, PM10) exposed to the risk of allergic rhinitis in children and it 95％ confidence interval as effects, and based on the heterogeneity analysis and publication bias test of Review Manager 5.3 software. The effects were analyzed by fixed or random effects model. RESULTS Finally, 6 studies were included in the meta analysis (4 cross-sectional studies, 2 cohort studies). The results showed that exposure to nitrogen dioxide increased the risk of allergic rhinitis(OR=1.22, 95％CI[1.04, 1.42], P=0.01), exposing tosulfur dioxideincreased the risk of allergic rhinitis(OR=1.06, 95％CI[0.96, 1.18], P=0.23), and PM10 increased the risk of allergic rhinitis(OR=1.13, 95％CI[1.04, 1.23], P=0, 004). CONCLUSION Air pollution is a risk factor for allergic rhinitis in children, and the risk of allergic rhinitis will be increase when exposed to NO2 and PM10.

Analysis of clinical characteristics of sigmoid sinus diverticulum / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To analyze the clinical features of 8 patients with sigmoid sinus diverticulum and to improve the level of diagnosis and treatment. METHODS The tinnitus patients were asked in detail about the history, and performed a series of routine hearing tests (pure tone audiometry, acoustic impedance audiometry, otoacoustic emission inspection and brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) etc.) and temporal bone HRCT scan. Eight cases were diagnosed with sigmoid sinus diverticulum, in which six cases undertook a surgery to reconstruct the sinus wall while the other 2 cases chose conservative treatment. RESULTS The diagnosis of 6 cases was proved to be correct by surgery, and the pulsatile tinnitus disappeared after reconstructing the sinus wall. No one recurred after following up from 2 to 12 months. Two cases of conservative treatment had no obvious improvement in symptoms. CONCLUSION Clinical manifestation, hearing examination, temporal bone CT/HRCT and Cranial CTA/CTV contributed to the diagnosis of sigmoid sinus diverticulum. Sinus wall reconstruction is a better approach.

Multi-center study on the treatment of sudden deafness accompanied with tinnitus / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical characteristics and the effects of different drug therapies in patients of sudden deafness accompanied with tinnitus.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The international standardized clinical research methods, the unified design and program were used in the study. The patients of sudden deafness accompanied with tinnitus, aged between 18 to 65 years old, were recruited, whose duration was less than two weeks with no medication. The patients were divided into four types according to the hearing curve: type A was acute sensorineural hearing loss in low tone frequencies, type B was acute sensorineural hearing loss in high tone frequencies, type C was acute sensorineural hearing loss in all frequencies and type D was total deafness. Each type had four different treatment programs, based on the unified designed randomized table.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 1024 cases with single side sudden deafness were recruited in the study by 33 hospitals in China from August 2007 to October 2011. Among the 1024 cases, 922 cases were accompanied with tinnitus (90.04%). By classification of audiogram, among the 922 cases, 169 cases were type A (82.44%), 127 cases were type B (90.07%), 370 cases were type C (92.04%), and 256 cases were type D (92.75%). The tinnitus mostly was persistent and low tone tinnitus. The degree of the tinnitus was mostly 2-3 grade. The curative effects of different types were analyzed, type A had the highest rate of 96.18%, type C was 87.75%, type B was 81.51%, and type D had the lowest rate of 75.32%. Significant difference of curative rate between different types was detected (χ² = 125.33, P = 0.000). There had no significant difference between the four different treatment groups (all P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>In the cases with single side sudden deafness accompanied with tinnitus, the type in low tone frequencies has the best curative effect, followed by the type in all frequencies. The type in high tone frequencies and the total deafness type have poor curative results. The steroid plays a good effect in the treatment.</p>

Proposal on the cultivation of hearing aids fitting practitioner in China / 中华医学教育探索杂志

This paper discussed the current status of hearing aids fitting practitioners in China and proposed some proposals on how to cultivate qualified practitioners.The proposals includes setting up short-term training program,launching hearing aids fitting major in occupational schools and cultivating the hearing aids fitting practitioners from the would-be audiologists or otologists in an aim to meet the urgent hearing aids fitting need of Chinese deafness.

Epidemiology investigation of allergic rhinitis in urban and rural areas of Ningbo and Yongzhou / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of allergic rhinitis (AR) in urban and rural areas of Ningbo and Yongzhou.@*METHOD@#Fifteen fields in the two cities from October 2006 to June 2007 were randomly selected. Cases suspected with symptoms of AR by a self-administered and interview questionnaire were recommended to special examinations for confirmed diagnosis.@*RESULT@#1. A total of 9969 individuals from 3803 families were surveyed, of whom 303 suffered with AR. 2. The prevalence rate was 4.10% in Ningbo and 1.65% in Yongzhou (the sex-adjusted rate was 4.10% and 1.64% respectively, and the age-adjusted rate was 4.33% and 1.58%); the population of island inhabitants had the lowest prevalence rate of 0.73%. 3. The prevalence rate in patients with asthma and that with family genetic history was 8% and 12% respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#It demonstrates that the prevalence rate is higher in Ningbo than in Yongzhou, in urban than in rural and in adolescent than in other ages. Allergic rhinitis may be associated with asthma and related to genetic factors. Allergic rhinitis may be curable.

The secretion and use of eosinophil cationic protein from patients with chronic nasal disease / 医学研究生学报

Eosinophil cationic protein, a sensitive marker of activated eosinophils, plays an important role in eosinophila inflammation, such as asthma, allergy disease and so on. To get acknowledges of ECP of secretion and use in nasal general chronic disease(NP, CS and AR),we review many articles and summary the present situation of this topic of its properties and uses. We find a critical relationship between ECP and nasal general chronic disease. Moreover, the measurement concentration of ECP in nasal fluid can help evaluate degree, turnover and prognosis of these diseases.

Expression of adhesion molecules in nasal polyps / 重庆医科大学学报

Objective:To study expression and significance of intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1),vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(VCAM-1) and E-selectin in nasal polyps.Methods:Expression of three adhesion molecules in nasal polyps from 25 patients and in middle turbinates mucosa from 9 volunteers with deviation of nasal septum was measured with immunohistochemistry.All samples were also studied by HE stain and observed under optical microscope.Results:Abundant eosinophils(EOS) were observed in nasal polyps.Expression of three adhension molecules in nasal polyps upgrade significantly.There is a positive correlation between the expression in the vascular endothelium and in the matrix of nasal polyps.The statistical analysis also shows such a correlation between the expression of ICAM-1 and of VCAM-1 in the vascular endothelium of nasal polyps.Conclusion:In nasal polyps expression of these adhesion molecules increases significantly.They can express in the vascular endothelium and the matrix.They may play a key role in the chronic inflammation procedure with inflammatory cells to attach to the vascular wall,to migrate into the matrix,and to be activated.They may perform synergistic action to take part in the whole process of nasal polyps.