Human Gingival Stem Cells Prevent Diabetes in NOD Mice by Reducing Follicular B Cells / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

BackgroundType 1 diabetes is caused by a chronic immune response that destroys islet beta cells， resulting in elevated blood glucose. Mesenchymal stem cells can prevent and treat the development of diabetes and its complications. However， little is known about the effects and potential mechanisms of Gingival mesenchymal stem cells （GMSCs） in preventing diabetes. The aim of this study is to investigate the mechanism of GMSCs in preventing type 1 diabetes in mice and to find targets for clinical treatment of diabetes. MethodsWe injected human GMSCs into NOD mice to observe the trend of blood glucose， observed the survival of pancreatic β-cells by immunohistochemistry， and detected the change of immune cells in the spleen of mice by flow analysis. Finally， the immune cells in NOD mice were transfused into NOD-SCID mice to observe the onset of diabetes in NOD-SCID mice. ResultsGMSCs significantly reduced the incidence of diabetes in NOD mice， with 64% of control mice developing diabetes at 27 weeks of age compared with 35% in the GMSC group， P=0.013. The percentage of Follicular B cells（FO B cell） in the spleen of GMSCs-treated mice decreased from （52.2±4.1）% to （43.2±5.3）%， P=0.008， while other types of immune cells did not change significantly. The immunohistochemical results showed that GMSCs could effectively improve the survival of pancreatic β-cells， which could continuously produce insulin to control blood glucose. Finally， we found the spleen cells transfusion could prevent the development of diabetes in NOD-SCID mice. ConclusionGMSCs can reduce diabetes in mice by reducing FO B cells in the spleen.

Cytopathological characterization of ascites for the diagnosis of serous ovarian carcinoma / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: To investigate the cytomorphological and immunocytochemical features of tumor cells in the ascites of ovarian plasmacytoma (SOC). Methods: Specimens of serous cavity effusions were collected from 61 tumor patients admitted to the Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2015 to July 2021, including ascites from 32 SOC, 10 gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas, 5 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas, 6 lung adenocarcinomas, 4 benign mesothelial hyperplasia and 1 malignant mesothelioma patients, pleural effusions from 2 malignant mesothelioma patients and pericardial effusion from 1 malignant mesothelioma. Serous cavity effusion samples of all patients were collected, conventional smears were made through centrifugation, and cell paraffin blocks were made through centrifugation of remaining effusion samples. Conventional HE staining and immunocytochemical staining were applied to observe and summarize cytomorphological characteristics and immunocytochemical characteristics. The levels of serum tumor markers carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) were detected. Results: Of the 32 SOC patients, 5 had low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (LGSOC) and 27 had high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC). 29 (90.6%) SOC patients had elevated serum CA125, but the difference was not statistically significant between them and patients with non-ovarian primary lesions included in the study (P>0.05); The serum CEA was positive in 9 patients with gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma and 5 patients with lung adenocarcinoma, and the positive rate was higher than that in SOC patients (P<0.001); The serum CA19-9 was positive in 5 patients with gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma and 5 patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, and the positive rate was higher than that in SOC patients (P<0.05). The serum CA125, CEA and CA19-9 were within the normal range in 4 patients with benign mesothelial hyperplasia. LGSOC tumor cells were less heterogeneous and aggregated into small clusters or papillary pattern, and psammoma bodies could be observed in some LGSOC cases. The background cells were fewer and lymphocytes were predominant; the papillary structure was more obvious after making cell wax blocks. HGSOC tumor cells were highly heterogeneous, with significantly enlarged nuclei and varying sizes, which could be more than 3-fold different, and nucleoli and nuclear schizophrenia could be observed in some cases; tumor cells were mostly clustered into nested clusters, papillae and prune shapes; there were more background cells, mainly histiocytes. Immunocytochemical staining showed that AE1/AE3, CK7, PAX-8, CA125, and WT1 were diffusely positively expressed in 32 SOC cases. P53 was focally positive in all 5 LGSOCs, diffusely positive in 23 HGSOCs, and negative in the other 4 HGSOCs. Most of adenocarcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract and lung had a history of surgery, and tumor cells of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tend to form small cell nests. Immunocytochemistry can assist in the differential diagnosis of mesothelial-derived lesions with characteristic "open window" phenomenon. Conclusion: Combining the clinical manifestations of the patient, the morphological characteristics of the cells in the smear and cell block of the ascites can provide important clues for the diagnosis of SOC, and the immunocytochemical tests can further improve the accuracy of the diagnosis.

Isolation and identification of chemical constituents from aerial parts of Glycyrrhiza uralensis / 中国中药杂志

The present study investigated the chemical constituents from the aerial parts of Glycyrrhiza uralensis. The ethanol extract of the aerial parts of G. uralensis was separated and purified by different column chromatographies such as macroporous resin, silica gel, and Sephadex LH-20, and through preparative HPLC and recrystallization. Thirteen compounds were isolated and identified as(2S)-6-[(Z)-3-hydroxymethyl-2-butenyl]-5,7,3'-trihydroxy-4'-methoxy-dihydroflavanone(1),(2S)-8-[(E)-3-hydroxymethyl-2-butenyl]-5,7,3',5'-tetrahydroxy-dihydroflavanone(2), α,α'-dihydro-5,4'-dihydroxy-3-acetoxy-2-isopentenylstilbene(3), 6-prenylquercetin(4), 6-prenylquercetin-3-methyl ether(5), formononetin(6), 3,3'-dimethylquercetin(7), chrysoeriol(8), diosmetin(9),(10E,12Z,14E)-9,16-dioxooctadec-10,12,14-trienoic acid(10), 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-6-prenyl-dihydroflavanone(11), naringenin(12), dibutylphthalate(13). Compounds 1-3 are new compounds, and compounds 10 and 13 are isolated from aerial parts of this plant for the first time.

Effect of Acute Liver Injury on Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Distribution of Baicalin Magnesium in Rats / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo establish a high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） for simultaneous determination of baicalin magnesium and baicalein in rat plasma and tissues， and to investigate the effect of acute liver injury on pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of baicalin magnesium in rats. MethodAcute liver injury rat model was induced by carbon tetrachloride （CCl4）. Normal rats and acute liver injury model rats were given an equal dose （287.31 mg·kg-1） of baicalin magnesium aqueous solution by intragastric administration， the orbital blood was collected at different time points， and HPLC was used to simultaneously determine the concentrations of baicalin magnesium and baicalein in rat plasma at each time point， the concentration-time curves were drawn， the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated with DAS 3.0， and SPSS 23.0 was used for statistical analysis. After oral administration of baicalin magnesium aqueous solution， HPLC was used to simultaneously determine the contents of baicalin magnesium and baicalein in rat liver， lung， kidney， stomach， brain and small intestine at different time points， the mobile phase was 0.1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution-methanol， and the detection wavelength was 278 nm. ResultIn the acute liver injury model group， the peak concentration （Cmax） of baicalin magnesium was 0.58 times that of the normal group， the area under concentration-time curve （AUC0-t） was 0.5 times that of the normal group （P<0.05）， the apparent volume of distribution （Vd） was 2.3 times that of the normal group （P<0.05）， and baicalein is almost undetectable in plasma. The content of baicalin magnesium in liver， stomach and brain of the acute liver injury model group was higher than that of the normal group at each time point， while the content of baicalin magnesium in the samples of lung at 8 h， kidney at 8 h and 12 h， and small intestine at 0.333 h was lower than that of the normal group. The content of baicalein in lung， stomach and small intestine of the model group was higher than that of the normal group at each time point， while the content of baicalein in the tissue samples of liver at 6， 8 h and kidney at 0.333， 4， 6 h was lower than that in the normal group， and baicalein could hardly be detected in the brain. ConclusionAfter intragastric administration of the same dose of baicalin magnesium aqueous solution， acute liver injury induced by CCl4 can affect the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution characteristics of baicalin magnesium in rats， and there is biotransformation of baicalin magnesium and baicalein in liver， lung， kidney， stomach and small intestine.

Thalassemia screening and genotyping in Southwest Guizhou Autonomous Prefecture of Guizhou Province / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective:To analyze the thalassemia screening and genotyping in Southwest Guizhou Autonomous Prefecture (referred it as Qianxinan Prefecture), this essay provides the theoretical reference for clinical diagnosis of thalassemia and suspicious cases.Methods:The pregnant women, spouses and neonates who were screened for thalassemia gene in Qian Xi Nan People's Hospital from January 2016 to December 2020 were selected as the research subjects, and peripheral blood or umbilical cord blood samples were collected to extract DNA. The gap-polymerase chain reaction (Gap-PCR) and next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology were used to screen thalassemia, and ArcMap 10.8 software was adopted to map the local spatial distribution of thalassemia based on the screening data.Results:A total of 67 185 cases of people from various regions in Qianxinan Prefecture were screened, and 8 202 cases of thalassemia gene carriers were detected, with a total detection rate of 12.21%. Among them, 5 660 cases of α-thalassemia, with a detection rate of 8.42%; 2 132 cases of β-thalassemia, with a detection rate of 3.17%; 410 cases of αβ complex thalassemia, with a detection rate of 0.61%. In the detection of thalassemia genes, 27 genotypes of α-thalassemia were detected, mainly αα/-α 3.7, accounting for 41.13% (2 328/5 660); 33 genotypes of β-thalassemia were detected, mainly β CD17(A>T)/β A, accounting for 44.09% (940/2 132); 55 genotypes of αβ complex thalassemia were detected, and αα/-α 3.7 complexed β CD17(A>T)/β A dominated, accounting for 21.22% (87/410). There were high incidence areas in the spatial distribution of thalassemia, which were Wangmo County and Ceheng County, and the detection rate was 26.76% (1 438/5 374), 24.39% (1 314/5 387), respectively. Conclusions:The detection rate of thalassemia gene in Qianxinan Prefecture is relatively high, mainly αα/-α 3.7 genotype of α-thalassemia. Wangmo County and Ceheng County are high-incidence areas of thalassemia, and screening efforts should be continued.

Main chemical constituents in aerial parts of Glycyrrhiza uralensis by UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS / 中国中药杂志

Chemical constituents from aerial parts of Glycyrrhiza uralensis were analyzed and identified using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS). The chromatographic column of Waters Acquity UPLC BEH-C_(18)(2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.7 μm) was adopted, with acetonitrile-water(0.5% formic acid) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.2 mL·min~(-1). Data was collected in positive and negative modes of electrospray ionization(ESI). A total of 55 compounds, including 42 flavonoids, 9 stilbenes, 2 coumarins, 1 lignin and 1 phenolic acid, which were characterized in the aerial parts of G. uralensis based on accurate molecular mass information of molecular and product ions provided by UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS based on comparison with standard substances and references. It is an effective and accurate method to provide chemical information of constituents in aerial parts of G. uralensis, and can provide a reference for further study on pharmacodynamic material basis and resources development and utilization.

Visual analysis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) studies based on bibliometrics / 中国中药杂志

To analyze the development of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19), this study systematically retrieved relevant Chinese and English literatures from both CNKI and Web of Science database platforms by bibliometric research method and CiteSpace 5.5.R2 software to obtain information and visualize relevant literatures. A total of 695 Chinese and 446 English literatures were included in this paper. Statistics showed that China had published most of the literatures and established close cooperation with the United States and the United Kingdom. Through the analysis, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology and its affiliated hospitals published the largest number of the publications. Moreover, the highly productive journals including Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and The Lancet covered eight major fields, such as medicine, medical virology, radiation medicine, infectious disease, and traditional Chinese medicine. Besides, a total of 35 special COVID-19 funds were recently established to subsidize these studies. The key words and themes analysis indicated that protein structure of COVID-19, receptor targets and mechanisms of action, integration of traditional Chinese and Western medicine, screening and development of antiviral drugs from traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine, vaccine research as well as epidemiological characteristics and prediction are current study hotspots. This study provides a reference for researchers to rapidly master main study directions of COVID-19 and screen out relevant literatures.

Clinical analysis of 7 cases of Fanconi syndrome sencondary to Sjogren's syndrome / 中国实用内科杂志

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with Fanconi syndrome(FS)sencondary to Sjogren's syndrome(SS). METHODS: The clinical data of 7 patients with FS secondary to SS were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical manifestations, auxiliary examinations, treatment options and curative effects were analyzed. RESULTS: Besides xerostomia and xerophthalmia, fatigue, polyuria and bone pain were found in 7 patients. Osteoporosis occurred in 6 cases and renal insufficiency in 3 cases. Immunoglobulin was increased in 7 cases, including 7 with IgG increase and 4 with IgG, IgA and IgM increase. All patients showed different degrees of ionic disorder and vitamin D deficiency. Renal glycosuria and amino acid urine were found in all 7 patients. All patients were treated with glucocorticoid combined with immunosuppressive agents. At the same time,they were treated with maintenance of acid-base and electrolyte balance and supplementation of active vitamin D. The curative effect was good. CONCLUSION: FS secondary to SS is rare, and patients are more prone to osteoporosis and renal insufficiency. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential.

Effect of apoptosis and proliferation of endometrial cancer HEC-1B cell by siRNA down-regulating expression of Ezrin / 中国综合临床

Objective To observe the changes of cell cycle,apoptosis and proliferation of endometrial cancer cells after the expression and down-regulation of Ezrin in endometrial cancer cells and to explore whether Ezrin may be a candidate gene for targeted therapy.Methods Endometrial cancer cells were from Shanghai Institute of Cell Research,of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences in February 2017 and divided into blank control group and siEzrin group according to the intervention methods.Western blot and qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of Ezrin protein and mRNA in endometrial cell lines.Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to transfect HEC-1B cell and down-regulate Ezrin.Cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry.MTT assay was used to detect multiplication.Results Western blot showed that Ezrin protein was expressed in Ishikawa (31.742 ± 5.832)、HEC-1A (16.326 ± 3.135)、HEC-1B(17.636±4.426) and KLE(14.862±5.109) and qRT-PCR showed that mRNA was expressed in Ishikawa (2.513±0.725),HEC-1A (1.655±0.692),HEC-1B (3.237±0.411) and KLE (0.962±0.235) cell lines,and expressed highest in HEC-1B cells (F=6.173,P＜0.05;F=7.042,P＜0.05).Flow cytometry assay showed that compared with blank control group less cells stayed in G1 phase and G2 phase,more stayed in S phase (t=3.118,P＜0.05;t=5.435,P＜0.05;t=3.332,P＜0.05).The apoptotic rate of HEC-1B cells increased from (9.84 ± 2.37) ％ to (17.64 ± 5.96) ％ (t =8.963,P ＜ 0.01) after Ezrin was downregulated.MTT assay showed that the proliferation of HEC-1B cells in 72 h and 96 h siEzrin transfection group was lower than that in blank control group (t =3.209,P＜ 0.05;t =3.726,P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Down-regulating of Ezrin may promote more endometrial cancer cells stay in S phase and promote apoptosis,inhibit proliferation,Ezrin may become target candidate gene in target therapy.

The Interaction of Oxytocin and Social Support, Loneliness, and Cortisol Level in Major Depression

OBJECTIVE: Loneliness is a specific risk factor for depressive symptoms and suicidal behavior. The present study examined whether the serum oxytocin level would interact with social support and buffers loneliness and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis activity in drug-naïve patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). METHODS: Twenty-six patients with MDD (male:female = 3:23; mean age, 45.54 ± 12.97 years) were recruited. The 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, UCLA Loneliness Scale and self-reported Measurement of Support Function Questionnaire were administered. Serum oxytocin and cortisol levels were assessed using a commercial immunoassay kits. RESULTS: In MDD patients, a negative association was found between degrees of social support and loneliness (β = −0.39, p = 0.04). The interaction between social support and serum oxytocin level was negatively associated with loneliness (β = −0.50, p = 0.017) and serum cortisol level (β = −0.55, p = 0.020) after adjusting for age. Follow-up analyses showed that the association between higher social support and lower loneliness was observed only in the higher-oxytocin group (r = −0.75, p = 0.003) but not in the lower group (r = −0.19, p = 0.53). The significance remained after further adjusting for sex and depression severity. CONCLUSION: Low oxytocin level is a vulnerability factor for the buffering effect of social support for loneliness and aberrant HPA-axis activity in MDD patients.

Effects of three aqueous extraction preprocessing methods on total coumarins extract of Angelicae dahuricae Radix / 中成药

AIM To investigate the effects of aqueous extraction at normal temperature,40 ℃,and water boiling on total coumarins extract of Angelicae dahuricae Radix.METHODS For the extracts Ⅰ-Ⅳ obtained by ethanol reflux extraction and three aqueous extraction preprocessing methods,respectively,UV and HPLC were adopted in the content determination of total coumarins and imperatorin,then the powder properties and dissolution rates were compared.RESULTS The contents of total coumarins in four extracts were 3.98％,6.03％,6.81％ and 4.46％,while those of imperatorin were 0.633％,0.540％,0.465％ and 0.155％,respectively.The angles of repose were 48.455°,42.587°,42.689° and 42.024° with the bulk densities of 0.214,0.324,0.316 and 0.354 g/cm3,respectively.Within 100 min,extract Ⅰ demonstrated higher moisture adsorption rate and equilibrium moisture absorption content than the other three extracts.The accumulative dissolution rates of various extracts were much higher than that of medicinal material fine powder within 120 min.CONCLUSION All the three aqueous extraction preprocessing methods can obviously improve the powder properties of total coumarins extract of A.dahuricae Radix and increase the dissolution rate of medicinal material fine powder.

Author Correction: Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms with the Pipeline Embolization Device Only: a Single Center Experience / 신경중재치료의학

The originally published version of this Article contained an error in the author list: the last and first names of all authors are inverted.

Determination of Diosgenin in Rat Plasma by UPLC-MS/MS / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a sensitive and specific ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandemmass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) method for the assay of diosgenin in rat plasma. METHODS: Tanshinone ⅡA was employed as internal standard. Diosgenin was determined after the methanol-mediated plasma protein precipitation. The separation was performed on the Phenomenex kinetex xb C18 column (2.1 mm×50 mm, 2.6 μm) gradiently eluted with the mobile phase consisting of methanol(containing 0.1% formic acid)-0.1% aqueous formic acid. The flow rate was 0.2 mL·min-1, the column temperature was maintained at 40℃, and the injection volume was 5 μL. A triple quadrupole mass spectrometer equipped with electrospray ionization source was used as detector in a positive ion mode. Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode was applied with the transition of m/z 415.2→271.1 and m/z 295.1→249.1 for diosgenin and internal standard, respectively. RESULTS: For diosgenin the standard curve was linear from 10 to 500 ng·mL-1(r=0.998 3), the limit of quantitative limit was 10 ng·mL-1, the intra- and inter-assay variabilities were below 15%, the accuracies were between 96.1% and 102.3%, the average extract recoveries ranged from 73.8% to 75.2%, and the matrix effects was between 85.8% and 91.7%. For the internal standard, the extract recovery and matrix effects were 83.8% and 92.4%, respectively. The rats were administered orally with diosgenin (100 mg·kg-1). The peak concentration of diosgenin was (344.067±34.48) ng·mL-1, the time for peak concentration was (4.167±2.041) h, the half-time was (14.85±10.53) h, and the area under concentration-time curve from zero to 72 h was (4 965.648±1 036.129) μg·h·L-1. CONCLUSION: This assay is specific, simple, sensitive and rapid, which can be applied in the pharmacokinetic study of diosgenin in rats.

In vitro evaluation of diosgenin nanosuspensions with different particle sizes / 中草药

Objective To investigate the effect of particle size on the physicochemical properties, aqueous solubility and physical stability of diosgenin nanosuspensions (DSG-NS). Methods DSG-NS with different particle sizes were prepared using the milling bead with the diameter of 0.5 (DSG-NS0.5) and 1.0 mm (DSG-NS1.0) by media milling method using the combination of Pluronic F127 and sodium dodecyl sulfate as stabilizer, respectively. The DSG-NS were solidified by freeze drying method. The physicochemical properties of DSG-NS were characterized in term of particle distribution, scanning electron microscope, X-Ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The aqueous solubility of DSG-NS with two particle size was compared by equilibrium solubility and dissolution rate. Results The particle sizes of the DSG-NS1.0 and DSG-NS0.5 prepared in this paper were (762.5 ± 18.4) and (342.8 ± 7.3) nm with the polydisperson index (PDI) of 0.435 ± 0.087 and 0.170 ± 0.018, respectively. The re-dispersed freeze drying products had particle sizes of (919.0 ± 27.2) and (458.0 ± 10.3) nm with the polydisperson index of 0.521 ± 0.094 and 0.298 ± 0.021, respectively. Both DSG-NS1.0 and DSG-NS0.5 had an irregular rod-shape or flake without any aggregates. The DSG retained its original crystalline state during the manufacturing process of DSG-NS1.0 and DSG-NS0.5. The solubilities of freeze drying DSG-NS1.0 and DSG-NS0.5 were (5.094 ± 2.083) and (26.121 ± 10.286) μg/mL. The accumulated dissolution rate of freeze drying DSG-NS1.0 and DSG-NS0.5 was 36.1% and 64.9% in 60 min, respectively. The particle size presented significant increase in 10 d for the DSG-NS1.0, whereas it had no change in 30 d for DSG-NS0.5. However, the particle size and distribution of the freeze drying DSG-NS1.0 and DSG-NS0.5 were stable during the storage of 3 month. Conclusion The reduction of particle size had no effect on the changing of morphology and original crystalline state and contributed to the improvement of solubility, dissolution rate and physical stability of DSG-NS.

320-slice CTA in diagnosis of intracranial small aneurysms and intraoperative value analysis / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To investigate the values of320-slice CTA for the diagnosis and intraoperative application ofintracranial small aneurysms.Metbods Fifty patients with pathologically confirmed intracranial small aneurysms were selected as the study subjects from January 2012 to June 2016.All the patients underwent 320-slice CT examination,and then the diagnostic values of 320-slice CT were discussed.Results Totally 48 patients were confirmed with intracranial small aneurysms and the diagnostic accordance rate was 96％,and there was missed diagnosis in 2 patients and no patients mis-diagnosed.The results by 320-slice CTA were mostly consistent with those by pathological examination.320-slice CTA displayed the site,shape,size,aneurysm neck height and adjacent structure of intracranial small aneurysms clearly in 49 patients,and undeveloped aneurysms due to narrow entrance or intraluminal thrombosis occurred in 1 patient.Conclusion 320-slice CTA gains advantages in diagnosing intracranial small aneurysms such as non invasion and high convenience and provides basis for clinical treatment,and thus is worthy promoting clinically.

Quality evaluation of fifteen varieties of Epimedii Folium from different growing areas / 中成药

AIM To evaluate the quality of fifteen varieties of Epimedii Folium from different growing areas.METHODS UPLC-MS/MS was adopted in the content determination of icariin,icariside Ⅰ,icariside Ⅱ,epimedin A,epimedin B,epimedin C,sagittatoside A,sagittatoside B,2"-O-rhamnosylicariside Ⅱ and baohuoside Ⅱ.The analysis of 40％ ethanol extract of Epimedii Folium was performed on a 40 ℃ thermostatic Welch C18 column (50 mm × 2.1 mm,3 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of 0.1％ formic acid-acetonitrile flowing at 0.2 mL/min in a gradient elution manner.Then principal component analysis was made.RESULTS Ten constituents showed good linear relationships within their own ranges (r ＞ 0.999 0),whose average recoveries were 97.6％-104.5％ with the RSDs of 1.37％-2.93％.In 46 batches of samples,epimedin C content was the highest,followed by epimedin A content,and icariside Ⅰ content was the lowest.The contents of various constituents showed obvious differences between small-flowered taxa and big-flowered taxa.CONCLUSION This sensitive and rapid method can provide a reference for the development and utilization of Epimedii Folium.

320-slice CTA in diagnosis of intracranial small aneurysms and intraoperative value analysis / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To investigate the values of320-slice CTA for the diagnosis and intraoperative application ofintracranial small aneurysms.Metbods Fifty patients with pathologically confirmed intracranial small aneurysms were selected as the study subjects from January 2012 to June 2016.All the patients underwent 320-slice CT examination,and then the diagnostic values of 320-slice CT were discussed.Results Totally 48 patients were confirmed with intracranial small aneurysms and the diagnostic accordance rate was 96％,and there was missed diagnosis in 2 patients and no patients mis-diagnosed.The results by 320-slice CTA were mostly consistent with those by pathological examination.320-slice CTA displayed the site,shape,size,aneurysm neck height and adjacent structure of intracranial small aneurysms clearly in 49 patients,and undeveloped aneurysms due to narrow entrance or intraluminal thrombosis occurred in 1 patient.Conclusion 320-slice CTA gains advantages in diagnosing intracranial small aneurysms such as non invasion and high convenience and provides basis for clinical treatment,and thus is worthy promoting clinically.

Quality evaluation of fifteen varieties of Epimedii Folium from different growing areas / 中成药

AIM To evaluate the quality of fifteen varieties of Epimedii Folium from different growing areas.METHODS UPLC-MS/MS was adopted in the content determination of icariin,icariside Ⅰ,icariside Ⅱ,epimedin A,epimedin B,epimedin C,sagittatoside A,sagittatoside B,2"-O-rhamnosylicariside Ⅱ and baohuoside Ⅱ.The analysis of 40％ ethanol extract of Epimedii Folium was performed on a 40 ℃ thermostatic Welch C18 column (50 mm × 2.1 mm,3 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of 0.1％ formic acid-acetonitrile flowing at 0.2 mL/min in a gradient elution manner.Then principal component analysis was made.RESULTS Ten constituents showed good linear relationships within their own ranges (r ＞ 0.999 0),whose average recoveries were 97.6％-104.5％ with the RSDs of 1.37％-2.93％.In 46 batches of samples,epimedin C content was the highest,followed by epimedin A content,and icariside Ⅰ content was the lowest.The contents of various constituents showed obvious differences between small-flowered taxa and big-flowered taxa.CONCLUSION This sensitive and rapid method can provide a reference for the development and utilization of Epimedii Folium.

Association between ABCB1 Polymorphisms and Antidepressant Treatment Response in Taiwanese Major Depressive Patients

OBJECTIVE: The multidrug resistance 1 (ABCB1, MDR1) gene, encoding P-glycoprotein, is extensively distributed and expressed in various tissues, such as a blood-brain barrier transporter. P-glycoprotein plays an important role in controlling the passage of substances between the blood and brain. The current study aimed to investigate possible associations of functional ABCB1 polymorphisms (C3435T, G2677T and C1236T) with response to antidepressant treatment and serum cortisol levels in Taiwanese patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). METHODS: We recruited 112 MDD patients who were randomized to fluoxetine (n=58, mean dose: 21.4+/-4.5 mg/day) or venlafaxine (n=54, 80.2+/-34.7 mg/day) treatment for 6 weeks. The 21-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) was administered initially and biweekly after treatment, and cortisol levels were assessed initially and after 6-week antidepressant treatment. RESULTS: The initial HDRS scores and the HDRS scores after six weeks of antidepressant treatment were not significantly different among the different genotypes in each polymorphism of ABCB1. The percentage changes of HDRS scores over time were significantly different in the polymorphisms of ABCB1 G2677T (p=0.002). MDD patients with the G/G genotype of ABCB1 G2677T had a worse antidepressant treatment response. However, the polymorphisms of ABCB1 genotypes were not significantly associated with cortisol levels before and after antidepressant treatment in MDD patients. CONCLUSION: The results suggested that the variants of ABCB1 may influence the short-term antidepressant response in MDD patients. Further details of the underlying mechanisms of ABCB1 in antidepressant treatment remain to be clarified.

The application of the ultrasonic atomization surface anesthesia with lidocaine for an awake endotracheal intubation during autonomous position -display / 中国基层医药

Objective To explore the feasibility of the ultrasonic atomization surface anesthesia with lido-caine for awake fiberoptic endotracheal intubation in patientsˊautonomous position -display before general anesthesia and to evaluate its advantages.Methods 68 adult patients who needed prone position for elective surgery under general anesthesia were selected and randomly divided into two groups,the control group and the treatment group,each group in 34 cases.In control group patients were received surface anesthesia of cricothyroid membrane puncture.In treatment group,nebulized 2% lidocaine with ultrasonic nebulizer was used for topical anesthesia.Patients lied in the prone position according to their own comfort with the guide of the medical staff in the waking state after an awake fiberoptic endotracheal intubation.The statistics of mean arterial pressure (MAP)and heart rate (HR)were recorded respectively in the basal state(T0),in the time instantly after intubations(T1 ),in the 3 minute after intubations(T2 ) and in the time instantly after the body turning(T3 ).Choking cough response were recorded during endotracheal intubation.Patients were asked the efficacy of surface anesthesia and the tolerance for awake intubation after operation.Results Patients in both two groups completed the whole process smoothly.MAP and HR had no signifi-cant differences between the two groups in the same time point (all P >0.05).There were no statistical significance between the two groups in choking cough response,the time of surface anesthesia and intubation,neither (all P >0.05).Conclusion The surface anesthesia with lidocaine by continuous ultrasonic atomizing inhalation is a good and simple method deserving generalization with plenty merits and is practicable for patients to display position autonomously. This method have the advantages of small operation,it will and can replace cricothyroid membrane puncture.