RESUMEN
Intestine and liver have very closely relationship due to the gut-liver axis, intestinal disease can affect the liver function, and the liver disease may also induce intestinal disorders. The germ?free animals have no living bacteria, fungi, viruses and parasites. The appearance of germ?free animals provides a powerful experimental tool for studying the in?teraction between the host and the intestinal microorganisms. At the same time, due to the characteristics of lacking normal intestinal flora, germ?free animals play a great role in promoting the study of gut?liver axis. In this paper, we will briefly re?view the application prospects of germ?free animals in the research of gut?liver axis.
RESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the feasibility of one stage repairing operation on hypospadias in neonatal.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixteen newborn infants with congenital hypospadias dated from May 1998 to Jun. 2004, who was 1 to 29 days old with average 13 days, were performed one stage repairing operation, among whom hypospadias were classified: 4 cases of type I hypospadias, 8 cases of type II, 3 cases of type III and 1 case of type IV.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Fourteen cases were cured, 1 case had urethral stricture, and 1 case had fistula. The cure rate of one stage operation was 87.5% (14/16).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>On the premise of the anesthetic safety, one stage hypospadias repairing operation is feasible in some selective cases in neonate.</p>