Effect of Eccentric Exercises on Knee Function and Neuromuscular Control of Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To investigate the effect of eccentric exercise training on knee function and neuromuscular control in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome. Methods:From September, 2016 to September, 2019, 39 outpatients with patellofemoral pain syndrome visiting our hospital were randomly divided into control group (n = 19) and experimental group (n = 20). Both groups received routine rehabilitation, while the experimental group received eccentric training of quadriceps femoris in addition, for eight weeks. They were assessed with Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) of pain, Lysholm score, while the acceleration time was measured with Isokinetic Testing and Training System, and stability index with Dynamic Balance Tester. Results:The VAS score, acceleration time of all the muscles, and overall, anterior-posterior and medial-lateral stability indexes decreased (t > 2.521, P < 0.05), and the Lysholm score increased (|t| > 13.628, P < 0.001) in both groups after treatment, while the VAS score, acceleration time of all the muscles, overall and anterior-posterior stability indexes were less (|t| > 2.174, P < 0.05), and the Lysholm score was more (t = 11.947, P < 0.001) in the experimental group than in the control group. Conclusion:Eccentric exercise training of quadriceps femoris is effective on pain, knee function and neuromuscular control for patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome.

Effects of Proprioceptive Trainning on Knee Function and Postural Control for Patients after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of proprioceptive trainning on patients after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Methods:From March, 2017 to September, 2018, 30 patients after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction were randomly divided into control group (n = 15) and experimental group (n = 15). All the patients received routine rehabilitation for eight weeks after operation. Then, the control group received routine rehabilitation, while the experimental group received proprioceptive trainning in addition, for eight weeks. They were assessed with Lysholm score, Isokinetic Testing and Training System, and Dynamic Balance Tester eight and 16 weeks of training. Results:Lysholm score increased in both groups after treatment (t > 16.687, P < 0.001), with decrease of error of knee flexion in 15°, 45° and 75° (t > 2.433, P < 0.05), and speed of centre of gravity moving with eyes closed on stable and unstable floors (t > 2.444, P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, Lysholm score was more (t = 4.150, P < 0.05), errors of knee flexion in 15° and 45° were less (t > 2.710, P < 0.05), and speed of centre of gravity moving with eyes closed on unstable floors was less (P<0.05) in the experimental group. Conclusion:Proprioceptive trainning is effective on proprioception and function of knee after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, to improve postural control.

In vitro and in vivo effects of puerarin on promotion of osteoblast bone formation / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the effect of puerarin, a natural flavonoid found in Chinese Pueraria Lobata (Wild.) Ohwi, on promotion of new bone formation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Osteoblasts isolated from calvarial of newborn rats were cultured in vitro in the presence of puerarin at various concentrations. The viability of osteoblasts and alkaline phosphotase activity and mineral node formation were determined. In addition, osteoblasts seeded in the β-tricaclium phosphate scalfolds as bone substitute were implanted in rat dorsal muscles. Half -of the recipient rats received intramuscular injection of puerarin at 10 mg/(kg·d) for 7 days. Osteogenesis was analyzed by examining the histology after 4 weeks of implantation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The viability of osteoblasts treated with puerarin at either 40 or 80 μmol/L was significantly higher than that of the control (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). Alkaline phosphatase and mineral modules were significantly increased in osteoblasts cultured with puerarin at 40 or 80 mol/L when compared with that of the untreated cells. The puerarin-treated rats had a higher rate of bone formation in the osteoblast implants than the control rats (6.35% vs. 1.32%, respectively, P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Puerarin was able to affect osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, and promote the new bone formation in osteoblast implants.</p>

Treatment of shearing-type and comminuted talar body fractures / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the treatment and therapeutic effects in the shearing-type and comminuted talar body fractures.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From October 1988 to September 2005,34 patients with shearing-type or comminuted talar body fractures were followed up. There were 19 males and 15 females ranged from 13 to 55 years (averaged 28.8 years). The disease course ranged from 3 to 14 days (averaged 6.0 days). Ten patients with a displacement of no more than 3 mm were treated with plastic cast. Eighteen patients were treated with open reduction and internal fixation, 6 patients were treated with joint fusion. The assessment of clinical efforts depend on patients' ache, active range of the joint and limp.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean follow up was 5.04 years (ranged from 3 to 19 years). All the patients were healed. The clinical outcomes were evaluated according to Hawkins evaluation score in which ache, active range of the joint and limp was respectively acssessed. There were 6 patients reached an excellent result, 9 good, 11 fair and 8 poor. Fifteen patients had osteonecrosis, 18 patients had traumatic arthritis of ankle joint, and 14 patients had traumatic arthritis of subtalar joint.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Patients whose displacement of fracture is not more than 3 mm should be treated with plastic cast. Operation and internal fixation should be performed in patients whose displacement of fracture is more than 3 mm after close reduction. Joint fusion should be performed in patients whose talar body fracture is comminuted severely and the surface of joint can not be repaired. The patients of talar body scissored fracture or comminuted fracture has bad prognosis.</p>

Protective effects and mechanism of Panax Notoginseng saponins on oxidative stress-induced damage and apoptosis of rabbit bone marrow stromal cells / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects and possible mechanism of Panax Notoginseng saponins (PNS) on oxidative stress-induced damage and apoptosis in bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>BMSCs were isolated and cultured from 2-month-old New Zealand rabbits by the density gradient centrifugation combined with adherent method. The third passage cells were used for subsequent experiments. Oxidative stress was induced in cultured BMSCs by H(2)O(2) (0.1 mmol/L). BMSCs were pretreated with 25-200 μg/mL PNS for 4 h before H(2)O(2) treatment. Proliferation of BMSCs was observed using MTT assay. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, as an index of early osteoblastic differentiation, was determined with an ALP assay kit. Flow cytometry was used to observe the apoptosis of BMSCs by staining with annexinV-FITC/propidium iodide. Oxidative stress level was examined by reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay. The protein expressions of Bax, Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 in BMSCs were analyzed by Western blotting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>PNS had different concentration-dependent effects on proliferation and osteoblast differentiation of BMSCs induced by H(2)O(2). A PNS concentration of 100 μg/mL was determined as the optimal effective concentration. PNS markedly attenuated H(2)O(2)-induced apoptosis rate from 41.91% to 14.67% (P<0.01). PNS significantly decreased ROS level induced by H(2)O(2) (P<0.01). Furthermore, pretreatment with PNS significantly reversed H(2)O(2)-induced inhibition of Bcl-2 expression and augmentation of Bax and Caspase-3 expression (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PNS had a protective effect on oxidative stress-induced damage and apoptosis in cultured rabbit BMSCs through scavenging ROS and regulating the Bcl-2/Bax pathway.</p>

Arthroscopically assisted treatment of tibial plateau fractures by tractive reduction with external fixator / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the clinical effect of tractive reduction with external fixator and arthroscopically assisted treatment for tibial plateau fractures.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From February 2003 to January 2005, a total of 26 cases with tibial plateau fractures were reviewed. There were 4 cases of type I fracture, 5 type II, 4 type III, 6 type IV, 5 type V and 2 type VI based on Schatzker criteria. Before operation, X-ray examination and CT scanning were done. During operation, the dissociative fragments were reconstructed by tractive reduction with external fixator arthroscopically and fixated with screws or plates.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the fractures were healed within 1.5 - 4 months, with no severe complications such as poor wound healing, infection or osteofascial compartment syndrome. All patients that were followed up for 7 - 21 months (mean, 16 months) showed no traumatic osteoarthritis, inversion or eversion of the knee. According to the Rasmussen scoring system, the outcome was excellent in 11 cases, good in 13 and fair in 2, with total score of 27 +/- 2.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>As for Schatzker type I - VI tibial plateau fractures, tractive reduction with external fixator and arthroscopically assisted treatment is characterized by minimal invasion, fast fracture healing. It broadens operative interspace of articular cavity, improves accuracy of reduction, is beneficial for knee joint function to recover.</p>