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ObjectiveTo understand the characteristics of high-risk inmates’ impulsivity and to explore the influencing factors of impulsivity， so as to provide a theoretical basis for identifying the high-risk factors and making effective intervention. MethodsA total of 588 male inmates in Nanjing were selected as the research subjects. They were divided into four groups according to their violent crime reasons， high impulsiveness， borderline personality and antisocial personality. The detailed criminal records of inmates， general demographic data questionnaire， self-made substance use questionnaire， Barratt Impulsiveness Scale （BIS-11） and Childhood Trauma Questionaire-Short Form （CTQ-SF） were used to investigate， and multiple stepwise regression analysis was conducted to analysis the influencing factors of impulsivity of high-risk inmates. Results① There were statistically significant differences in age， marital status and drug use history among the four groups （F=4.890、13.945、26.137， P<0.01）. ② There were statistically significant differences in BIS-11 and CTQ-SF scores among the four groups （F=81.196， 16.208， P<0.01）. ③ Drug use history （β=1.832， P<0.05）， affective neglect （β=0.278， P<0.01） and affective abuse （β=0.307， P<0.01） had positive predictive effects on impulsivity of all high-risk inmates. Affective neglect （β=0.482， P<0.01） had a positive predictive effect on impulsivity of violent criminals. ConclusionDrug use history， affective neglect and emotional abuse were the risk factors for high impulsivity in male high-risk inmates.
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Objective To investigate the impulsive traits and their influencing factors in different types of male inmates. Methods A total of 1 206 male inmates in Jiangsu province were assessed by a self-designed questionnaire of detailed criminal records,demographic data,history of substance use and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11).Results ①Significant differences were found between the distribution of age (F＝30.092),educational level(χ2＝84.479),marital status(χ2＝54.386),household registration(χ2＝34.959),smoking history (χ2＝19.047)and drug use history( χ2＝563.144) of male inmates( all P＜0.01).②Difference of impulsivity was found between different types of male inmates,and scores of the impulsivity of the property inmates (total impulsivity (55.92±8.39),attentional impulsiveness (12.70±2.35),motor im-pulsiveness (18.50± 3.88),non-planning impulsivity ( 24.72 ± 4.91)) were significantly lower than other crime types (P＜0.05).③Drug use history had a positive predictive effect on impulsivity of male violent in-mates (B＝4.317,P＜0.01),and educational level(B＝－3.280,P＜0.001),age(B＝－0.094,P＜0.05)and drug use history ( B＝ 3.491, P＜ 0.05 ) had a predictive effect on impulsivity of male property inmates. Conclusion The impulsivity of male property inmates is significantly lower than others and the influence factors of impulsivity among male inmates are age,educational level and drug use history.
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Objective To explore the predictive effect of depression and impulsivity on suicidal ideation in violent criminals.methods 423 violent criminals were assessed by Self-rating Idea of Suicide Scale(SIOSS),Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale(BIS-11).Result sPeople with suicidal ideation accounted for 17.04% of the total number of violent criminals.The scores of the group with suicidal ideation (respectively (4.95±4.82),(56.79±8.68),(12.95±2.29),(19.03±3.91),(28.81±4.95)) were higher than those without suicidal ideation group (respectively (4.95±4.82),(56.79±8.68),(12.95±2.29),(19.03±3.91),(28.81±4.95)) in depression and every dimension of impulsivity(attentional impulsivity,motor impulsivity and non-planning impulsivity) (t=9.49,t=4.61,t=4.04,t=3.88,t=3.08) (all P<0.01).Positive correlation was observed between suicidal ideation,depression and impulsivity(r=0.156-0.628,P<0.01),while sleeping factor was not associated with non-planning impulsivity.According to the multi-factoral regression module,depression and nonplanning impulsivity scores had positive prediction on suicidal ideation(R2=0.419,SIOSS=-2.471+ 0.192× depression+ 0.149× nonplanning impulsivity).Conclusion There is a close relationship in suicidal ideation,depression and impulsivity,meanwhile depression and nonplanning impulsivity can predict the suicidal ideation.
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This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of closing the small bowel in an ex vivo porcine model with high-frequency welding device. A total of 100 porcine small bowels were divided into two groups, and then were closed with two different methods. The fifty small bowels in experimental group were closed by the high-frequency welding device, and the other fifty small bowels in comparison group were hand-sutured. All the small bowels were subjected to leak pressure testing later on. The speed of closure and bursting pressure were compared. The 50 porcine small bowels closed by the high-frequency welding device showed a success rate of 100%. Compared with the hand-sutured group, the bursting pressures of the former were significantly lower (P<0.01) and the closing process was significantly shorter (P<0.01). The pathological changes of the closed ends mainly presented as acute thermal and pressure induced injury. Experimental results show that the high-frequency welding device has higher feasibility in closing the small bowel.